Level 2 or 3 hypoglycemia (participants)
Type 2 diabetes (adults)
In plain language
Across 75 trials with 37,060 participants, 0 of 36 treatments had a clearly better result than placebo on level 2 or 3 hypoglycemia (participants), 7 a clearly worse one, and for 29 the evidence could not tell them apart from placebo. The most favorable estimate was for Vildagliptin: hazard ratio (from event counts) 0.48 (95% credible interval 0.01 to 34.67).
Lower values favor the treatment. "Clearly" means the 95% credible interval excludes no difference. These are averages across trials; they do not say how any one person will respond. Not medical advice.
Network of trials
Effects compared with Placebo
| Treatment | Bayesian HR (95% CrI) | 95% prediction interval | Frequentist HR (95% CI) | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vildagliptin VILDAGLIPTIN | 0.48 (0.01 to 34.67) | 0.01 to 38.37 | Unclear | |
| Canagliflozin CANAGLIFLOZIN | 0.50 (0.11 to 1.99) | 0.09 to 2.52 | Unclear | |
| Semaglutide tablet SEMA_PO | 0.87 (0.28 to 2.72) | 0.21 to 3.57 | Unclear | |
| Metformin METFORMIN | 0.89 (0.27 to 2.63) | 0.20 to 3.51 | Unclear | |
| Pioglitazone PIOGLITAZONE | 0.95 (0.23 to 3.59) | 0.18 to 4.79 | Unclear | |
| Liraglutide injection LIRA_SC | 0.96 (0.53 to 1.69) | 0.32 to 2.62 | Unclear | |
| Sitagliptin SITAGLIPTIN | 1.03 (0.55 to 1.82) | 0.34 to 2.85 | Unclear | |
| Dulaglutide injection DULA_SC | 1.03 (0.57 to 1.75) | 0.35 to 2.87 | Unclear | |
| Semaglutide injection SEMA_SC | 1.12 (0.50 to 2.19) | 0.34 to 3.31 | Unclear | |
| Beinaglutide injection BEIN_SC | 1.12 (0.25 to 4.56) | 0.20 to 5.98 | Unclear | |
| Rosiglitazone ROSIGLITAZONE | 1.16 (0.29 to 4.48) | 0.22 to 5.71 | Unclear | |
| Insulin glargine with lixisenatide injection IGLARLIXI_SC | 1.25 (0.37 to 4.45) | 0.29 to 5.82 | Unclear | |
| Liraglutide and metformin injection LIRAMETF_SC | 1.35 (0.24 to 6.60) | 0.19 to 8.47 | Unclear | |
| Taspoglutide injection TASP_SC | 1.36 (0.70 to 2.74) | 0.46 to 4.15 | Unclear | |
| Visepegenatide injection VISEPE_SC | 1.39 (0.51 to 3.96) | 0.37 to 5.53 | Unclear | |
| Albiglutide injection ALBI_SC | 1.42 (0.64 to 3.06) | 0.41 to 4.44 | Unclear | |
| Exenatide extended release injection EXENER_SC | 1.43 (0.43 to 4.59) | 0.32 to 6.05 | Unclear | |
| Orforglipron tablet ORFO_PO | 1.52 (0.07 to 68.91) | 0.06 to 75.62 | Unclear | |
| Liraglutide plus canagliflozin injection CANALIRA_SC | 1.55 (0.24 to 9.52) | 0.20 to 11.52 | Unclear | |
| Lixisenatide injection LIXI_SC | 1.61 (1.14 to 2.34) | 0.63 to 4.22 | Worse | |
| Exenatide injection EXEN_SC | 1.68 (1.11 to 2.50) | 0.62 to 4.34 | Worse | |
| Exenatide and rosiglitazone injection EXENROSI_SC | 1.72 (0.44 to 6.43) | 0.34 to 8.27 | Unclear | |
| Tirzepatide injection TIRZ_SC | 1.75 (0.17 to 23.12) | 0.14 to 26.47 | Unclear | |
| Empagliflozin EMPAGLIFLOZIN | 2.03 (0.21 to 26.09) | 0.18 to 29.86 | Unclear | |
| Premixed insulin INS_PREMIX | 2.04 (0.87 to 4.99) | 0.61 to 7.62 | Unclear | |
| Efpe sc EFPE_SC | 2.35 (0.16 to 70.68) | 0.15 to 78.11 | Unclear | |
| Basal bolus insulin OTHER_ACTIVE_basal_bolus_insulin | 2.37 (0.57 to 9.85) | 0.45 to 12.70 | Unclear | |
| Insulin glargine INS_GLARGINE | 2.43 (1.41 to 4.10) | 0.85 to 6.54 | Worse | |
| HRS-7535 tablet HRS7535_PO | 2.43 (0.53 to 15.12) | 0.43 to 18.00 | Unclear | |
| Insulin aspart (prandial) INS_ASPART | 2.50 (0.40 to 16.81) | 0.33 to 19.61 | Unclear | |
| Insulin dose increase OTHER_ACTIVE_insulin_dose_increase | 2.70 (0.64 to 11.31) | 0.50 to 14.74 | Unclear | |
| Insulin lispro (prandial) INS_LISPRO | 2.73 (1.27 to 5.64) | 0.86 to 8.64 | Worse | |
| Standard care or no added treatment STANDARD_CARE | 3.14 (1.11 to 8.55) | 0.80 to 11.40 | Worse | |
| Glimepiride GLIMEPIRIDE | 3.34 (1.54 to 6.91) | 1.00 to 10.11 | Worse | |
| Mazdutide injection MAZD_SC | 5.02 (0.31 to 151) | 0.27 to 167 | Unclear | |
| Danuglipron tablet DANU_PO | 7.07 (1.00 to 101) | 0.81 to 123 | Worse |
Ranking
League table
| Row versus column | PLACEBO | VILDAGLIPTIN | CANAGLIFLOZIN | SEMA_PO | METFORMIN | PIOGLITAZONE | LIRA_SC | SITAGLIPTIN | DULA_SC | SEMA_SC | BEIN_SC | ROSIGLITAZONE | IGLARLIXI_SC | LIRAMETF_SC | TASP_SC | VISEPE_SC | ALBI_SC | EXENER_SC | ORFO_PO | CANALIRA_SC | LIXI_SC | EXEN_SC | EXENROSI_SC | TIRZ_SC | EMPAGLIFLOZIN | INS_PREMIX | EFPE_SC | OTHER_ACTIVE_basal_bolus_insulin | INS_GLARGINE | HRS7535_PO | INS_ASPART | OTHER_ACTIVE_insulin_dose_increase | INS_LISPRO | STANDARD_CARE | GLIMEPIRIDE | MAZD_SC | DANU_PO |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLACEBO | PLACEBO | 2.06 0.03 to 160 | 1.99 0.50 to 8.95 | 1.14 0.37 to 3.63 | 1.12 0.38 to 3.67 | 1.05 0.28 to 4.33 | 1.04 0.59 to 1.90 | 0.97 0.55 to 1.82 | 0.97 0.57 to 1.76 | 0.89 0.46 to 1.99 | 0.89 0.22 to 3.98 | 0.86 0.22 to 3.47 | 0.80 0.22 to 2.67 | 0.74 0.15 to 4.16 | 0.73 0.36 to 1.42 | 0.72 0.25 to 1.97 | 0.70 0.33 to 1.57 | 0.70 0.22 to 2.35 | 0.66 0.01 to 15.26 | 0.65 0.11 to 4.20 | 0.62 0.43 to 0.87 | 0.59 0.40 to 0.90 | 0.58 0.16 to 2.26 | 0.57 0.04 to 5.99 | 0.49 0.04 to 4.74 | 0.49 0.20 to 1.14 | 0.42 0.01 to 6.16 | 0.42 0.10 to 1.74 | 0.41 0.24 to 0.71 | 0.41 0.07 to 1.87 | 0.40 0.06 to 2.49 | 0.37 0.09 to 1.55 | 0.37 0.18 to 0.79 | 0.32 0.12 to 0.90 | 0.30 0.14 to 0.65 | 0.20 0.01 to 3.22 | 0.14 0.01 to 1.00 |
| VILDAGLIPTIN | 0.48 0.01 to 34.67 | VILDAGLIPTIN | 0.97 0.01 to 93.53 | 0.56 0.01 to 47.62 | 0.55 0.01 to 46.99 | 0.52 0.00 to 43.08 | 0.52 0.01 to 38.03 | 0.48 0.01 to 35.70 | 0.47 0.01 to 36.14 | 0.44 0.00 to 35.49 | 0.44 0.00 to 39.42 | 0.43 0.00 to 38.19 | 0.38 0.00 to 33.38 | 0.37 0.00 to 33.82 | 0.36 0.00 to 27.11 | 0.35 0.00 to 27.63 | 0.35 0.00 to 27.25 | 0.34 0.00 to 28.81 | 0.30 0.00 to 57.61 | 0.32 0.00 to 30.53 | 0.30 0.00 to 21.69 | 0.30 0.00 to 21.74 | 0.29 0.00 to 25.01 | 0.27 0.00 to 37.70 | 0.23 0.00 to 32.22 | 0.24 0.00 to 18.82 | 0.19 0.00 to 28.59 | 0.21 0.00 to 17.67 | 0.20 0.00 to 15.46 | 0.20 0.00 to 17.90 | 0.20 0.00 to 21.06 | 0.18 0.00 to 16.43 | 0.18 0.00 to 14.54 | 0.16 0.00 to 12.49 | 0.15 0.00 to 11.38 | 0.09 0.00 to 18.27 | 0.06 0.00 to 7.24 |
| CANAGLIFLOZIN | 0.50 0.11 to 1.99 | 1.04 0.01 to 101 | CANAGLIFLOZIN | 0.57 0.09 to 3.15 | 0.56 0.10 to 3.13 | 0.53 0.08 to 3.54 | 0.52 0.12 to 2.09 | 0.48 0.11 to 2.00 | 0.49 0.11 to 2.04 | 0.45 0.11 to 1.67 | 0.45 0.06 to 3.12 | 0.44 0.06 to 2.92 | 0.40 0.06 to 2.33 | 0.37 0.05 to 3.06 | 0.37 0.07 to 1.63 | 0.36 0.06 to 1.95 | 0.36 0.07 to 1.71 | 0.35 0.06 to 2.00 | 0.32 0.01 to 11.37 | 0.33 0.04 to 2.36 | 0.31 0.07 to 1.28 | 0.30 0.07 to 1.22 | 0.29 0.04 to 1.94 | 0.29 0.02 to 4.12 | 0.24 0.01 to 3.36 | 0.24 0.04 to 1.19 | 0.20 0.01 to 4.35 | 0.21 0.03 to 1.39 | 0.21 0.05 to 0.82 | 0.20 0.02 to 1.59 | 0.20 0.02 to 1.73 | 0.18 0.03 to 1.21 | 0.18 0.04 to 0.84 | 0.16 0.03 to 0.87 | 0.15 0.03 to 0.66 | 0.10 0.00 to 2.17 | 0.07 0.00 to 0.78 |
| SEMA_PO | 0.87 0.28 to 2.72 | 1.79 0.02 to 168 | 1.75 0.32 to 10.60 | SEMA_PO | 0.98 0.22 to 4.92 | 0.94 0.17 to 5.40 | 0.92 0.28 to 3.02 | 0.85 0.25 to 2.84 | 0.85 0.30 to 2.43 | 0.79 0.22 to 2.95 | 0.79 0.14 to 4.71 | 0.76 0.13 to 4.51 | 0.70 0.12 to 3.58 | 0.65 0.10 to 4.66 | 0.65 0.17 to 2.34 | 0.63 0.13 to 2.79 | 0.62 0.15 to 2.41 | 0.62 0.12 to 2.97 | 0.57 0.01 to 16.28 | 0.57 0.07 to 5.02 | 0.55 0.16 to 1.74 | 0.52 0.16 to 1.65 | 0.51 0.09 to 2.86 | 0.50 0.03 to 6.79 | 0.43 0.03 to 4.96 | 0.44 0.10 to 1.70 | 0.36 0.01 to 7.01 | 0.37 0.06 to 2.04 | 0.36 0.12 to 1.15 | 0.36 0.04 to 2.34 | 0.35 0.04 to 3.03 | 0.32 0.06 to 1.91 | 0.32 0.08 to 1.19 | 0.28 0.06 to 1.27 | 0.26 0.08 to 0.90 | 0.17 0.01 to 3.67 | 0.12 0.01 to 1.14 |
| METFORMIN | 0.89 0.27 to 2.63 | 1.83 0.02 to 174 | 1.79 0.32 to 10.30 | 1.02 0.20 to 4.46 | METFORMIN | 0.94 0.26 to 3.50 | 0.93 0.30 to 2.72 | 0.87 0.30 to 2.48 | 0.87 0.26 to 2.73 | 0.80 0.22 to 2.87 | 0.79 0.14 to 4.63 | 0.78 0.13 to 4.40 | 0.72 0.13 to 3.41 | 0.66 0.12 to 3.82 | 0.65 0.17 to 2.15 | 0.65 0.13 to 2.72 | 0.63 0.16 to 2.29 | 0.63 0.20 to 1.86 | 0.58 0.01 to 17.33 | 0.57 0.07 to 4.60 | 0.56 0.16 to 1.66 | 0.53 0.16 to 1.61 | 0.52 0.09 to 2.86 | 0.52 0.03 to 6.54 | 0.43 0.03 to 5.66 | 0.44 0.10 to 1.63 | 0.36 0.01 to 6.96 | 0.37 0.09 to 1.46 | 0.37 0.11 to 1.15 | 0.36 0.04 to 2.56 | 0.36 0.04 to 2.94 | 0.33 0.06 to 1.78 | 0.33 0.09 to 1.18 | 0.28 0.07 to 1.24 | 0.27 0.08 to 0.90 | 0.17 0.01 to 3.70 | 0.12 0.01 to 1.16 |
| PIOGLITAZONE | 0.95 0.23 to 3.59 | 1.92 0.02 to 201 | 1.88 0.28 to 13.04 | 1.07 0.19 to 5.82 | 1.07 0.29 to 3.82 | PIOGLITAZONE | 0.99 0.24 to 3.83 | 0.92 0.24 to 3.45 | 0.92 0.22 to 3.78 | 0.85 0.19 to 3.84 | 0.83 0.12 to 5.95 | 0.81 0.12 to 5.51 | 0.75 0.11 to 4.39 | 0.69 0.10 to 5.38 | 0.68 0.15 to 2.89 | 0.68 0.11 to 3.67 | 0.66 0.14 to 3.00 | 0.67 0.18 to 2.33 | 0.60 0.01 to 18.47 | 0.60 0.07 to 5.66 | 0.58 0.13 to 2.27 | 0.56 0.13 to 2.27 | 0.55 0.08 to 3.71 | 0.54 0.03 to 7.95 | 0.46 0.02 to 6.47 | 0.46 0.09 to 2.12 | 0.39 0.01 to 8.49 | 0.39 0.08 to 1.73 | 0.39 0.10 to 1.54 | 0.38 0.04 to 3.06 | 0.38 0.04 to 3.69 | 0.34 0.05 to 2.37 | 0.34 0.07 to 1.60 | 0.29 0.06 to 1.62 | 0.28 0.07 to 1.26 | 0.18 0.00 to 4.21 | 0.13 0.01 to 1.42 |
| LIRA_SC | 0.96 0.53 to 1.69 | 1.93 0.03 to 166 | 1.91 0.48 to 8.35 | 1.08 0.33 to 3.59 | 1.07 0.37 to 3.28 | 1.01 0.26 to 4.10 | LIRA_SC | 0.93 0.55 to 1.61 | 0.93 0.51 to 1.70 | 0.86 0.40 to 1.95 | 0.85 0.20 to 3.84 | 0.84 0.19 to 3.52 | 0.76 0.20 to 2.81 | 0.71 0.15 to 3.86 | 0.70 0.30 to 1.50 | 0.69 0.20 to 2.21 | 0.68 0.28 to 1.58 | 0.67 0.21 to 2.23 | 0.62 0.01 to 15.68 | 0.61 0.11 to 3.88 | 0.59 0.30 to 1.12 | 0.57 0.30 to 1.05 | 0.55 0.14 to 2.32 | 0.54 0.04 to 6.04 | 0.47 0.03 to 4.71 | 0.47 0.16 to 1.22 | 0.40 0.01 to 6.15 | 0.41 0.09 to 1.63 | 0.39 0.22 to 0.70 | 0.39 0.06 to 2.04 | 0.39 0.06 to 2.46 | 0.35 0.09 to 1.26 | 0.35 0.15 to 0.81 | 0.30 0.11 to 0.91 | 0.29 0.14 to 0.58 | 0.19 0.01 to 3.35 | 0.13 0.01 to 1.06 |
| SITAGLIPTIN | 1.03 0.55 to 1.82 | 2.09 0.03 to 170 | 2.07 0.50 to 9.30 | 1.17 0.35 to 4.00 | 1.16 0.40 to 3.33 | 1.09 0.29 to 4.14 | 1.08 0.62 to 1.81 | SITAGLIPTIN | 1.00 0.52 to 1.91 | 0.93 0.40 to 2.15 | 0.91 0.22 to 4.12 | 0.90 0.20 to 3.74 | 0.83 0.20 to 2.87 | 0.76 0.16 to 4.22 | 0.76 0.35 to 1.50 | 0.74 0.21 to 2.37 | 0.73 0.29 to 1.76 | 0.73 0.23 to 2.24 | 0.67 0.01 to 16.80 | 0.66 0.11 to 4.42 | 0.64 0.31 to 1.19 | 0.61 0.32 to 1.13 | 0.60 0.14 to 2.54 | 0.59 0.04 to 6.38 | 0.50 0.04 to 5.20 | 0.51 0.18 to 1.27 | 0.43 0.01 to 6.80 | 0.44 0.11 to 1.64 | 0.43 0.23 to 0.75 | 0.41 0.06 to 2.23 | 0.42 0.06 to 2.66 | 0.38 0.09 to 1.56 | 0.38 0.15 to 0.90 | 0.32 0.11 to 1.01 | 0.31 0.15 to 0.62 | 0.20 0.01 to 3.54 | 0.15 0.01 to 1.11 |
| DULA_SC | 1.03 0.57 to 1.75 | 2.11 0.03 to 177 | 2.05 0.49 to 9.30 | 1.18 0.41 to 3.30 | 1.15 0.37 to 3.86 | 1.09 0.26 to 4.53 | 1.08 0.59 to 1.97 | 1.00 0.52 to 1.93 | DULA_SC | 0.93 0.43 to 2.08 | 0.91 0.22 to 4.09 | 0.91 0.20 to 3.79 | 0.82 0.20 to 2.91 | 0.75 0.15 to 4.35 | 0.76 0.31 to 1.65 | 0.74 0.22 to 2.32 | 0.73 0.29 to 1.82 | 0.73 0.21 to 2.44 | 0.68 0.01 to 16.87 | 0.66 0.11 to 4.43 | 0.64 0.31 to 1.18 | 0.62 0.32 to 1.12 | 0.61 0.15 to 2.46 | 0.58 0.04 to 6.07 | 0.50 0.04 to 4.77 | 0.51 0.18 to 1.30 | 0.43 0.01 to 6.55 | 0.43 0.10 to 1.76 | 0.43 0.25 to 0.70 | 0.42 0.06 to 2.09 | 0.42 0.06 to 2.65 | 0.38 0.09 to 1.56 | 0.38 0.16 to 0.91 | 0.32 0.11 to 0.99 | 0.31 0.15 to 0.60 | 0.20 0.01 to 3.55 | 0.15 0.01 to 1.11 |
| SEMA_SC | 1.12 0.50 to 2.19 | 2.27 0.03 to 202 | 2.20 0.60 to 8.80 | 1.27 0.34 to 4.56 | 1.25 0.35 to 4.57 | 1.18 0.26 to 5.28 | 1.16 0.51 to 2.50 | 1.08 0.46 to 2.48 | 1.08 0.48 to 2.34 | SEMA_SC | 1.00 0.21 to 4.64 | 0.97 0.20 to 4.36 | 0.90 0.20 to 3.32 | 0.81 0.15 to 4.88 | 0.82 0.30 to 2.02 | 0.80 0.21 to 2.66 | 0.79 0.28 to 2.11 | 0.79 0.20 to 2.92 | 0.72 0.01 to 18.93 | 0.71 0.12 to 4.77 | 0.69 0.29 to 1.45 | 0.66 0.29 to 1.39 | 0.65 0.14 to 2.75 | 0.64 0.05 to 6.09 | 0.55 0.04 to 5.71 | 0.55 0.17 to 1.51 | 0.46 0.01 to 7.67 | 0.47 0.10 to 2.08 | 0.46 0.21 to 0.94 | 0.45 0.06 to 2.41 | 0.45 0.07 to 2.55 | 0.41 0.09 to 1.81 | 0.41 0.15 to 1.09 | 0.35 0.11 to 1.15 | 0.33 0.13 to 0.82 | 0.22 0.01 to 3.91 | 0.16 0.01 to 1.23 |
| BEIN_SC | 1.12 0.25 to 4.56 | 2.27 0.03 to 233 | 2.24 0.32 to 16.31 | 1.27 0.21 to 7.24 | 1.27 0.22 to 7.31 | 1.21 0.17 to 8.00 | 1.18 0.26 to 4.91 | 1.09 0.24 to 4.57 | 1.10 0.24 to 4.45 | 1.00 0.22 to 4.75 | BEIN_SC | 0.98 0.14 to 6.79 | 0.89 0.13 to 5.40 | 0.82 0.09 to 7.37 | 0.82 0.16 to 3.71 | 0.79 0.13 to 4.47 | 0.79 0.15 to 3.82 | 0.79 0.13 to 4.82 | 0.74 0.01 to 22.75 | 0.72 0.07 to 7.22 | 0.69 0.15 to 2.87 | 0.67 0.15 to 2.74 | 0.65 0.09 to 4.55 | 0.62 0.03 to 9.97 | 0.55 0.03 to 7.46 | 0.55 0.10 to 2.79 | 0.45 0.01 to 9.74 | 0.47 0.07 to 3.29 | 0.46 0.11 to 1.71 | 0.45 0.05 to 3.58 | 0.44 0.04 to 4.32 | 0.42 0.06 to 2.77 | 0.41 0.08 to 1.99 | 0.36 0.06 to 2.03 | 0.34 0.07 to 1.44 | 0.22 0.01 to 5.35 | 0.16 0.01 to 1.76 |
| ROSIGLITAZONE | 1.16 0.29 to 4.48 | 2.33 0.03 to 218 | 2.27 0.34 to 16.40 | 1.31 0.22 to 7.53 | 1.29 0.23 to 7.70 | 1.24 0.18 to 8.32 | 1.19 0.28 to 5.28 | 1.11 0.27 to 4.97 | 1.10 0.26 to 4.91 | 1.03 0.23 to 4.88 | 1.02 0.15 to 7.27 | ROSIGLITAZONE | 0.93 0.15 to 4.94 | 0.86 0.10 to 7.58 | 0.84 0.19 to 3.59 | 0.82 0.14 to 4.48 | 0.80 0.18 to 3.78 | 0.81 0.13 to 5.10 | 0.73 0.01 to 23.36 | 0.73 0.08 to 7.83 | 0.71 0.17 to 2.85 | 0.69 0.18 to 2.53 | 0.67 0.17 to 2.51 | 0.64 0.04 to 9.89 | 0.56 0.03 to 7.83 | 0.57 0.12 to 2.49 | 0.47 0.01 to 9.82 | 0.48 0.07 to 3.48 | 0.47 0.11 to 1.99 | 0.47 0.05 to 3.55 | 0.46 0.05 to 4.21 | 0.43 0.06 to 3.07 | 0.42 0.09 to 1.85 | 0.36 0.07 to 1.96 | 0.34 0.07 to 1.64 | 0.22 0.01 to 4.99 | 0.16 0.01 to 1.83 |
| IGLARLIXI_SC | 1.25 0.37 to 4.45 | 2.62 0.03 to 252 | 2.48 0.43 to 17.49 | 1.42 0.28 to 8.17 | 1.39 0.29 to 7.81 | 1.33 0.23 to 9.12 | 1.31 0.36 to 5.12 | 1.21 0.35 to 4.91 | 1.21 0.34 to 4.90 | 1.12 0.30 to 5.11 | 1.12 0.19 to 7.56 | 1.08 0.20 to 6.72 | IGLARLIXI_SC | 0.93 0.13 to 7.82 | 0.91 0.25 to 3.62 | 0.90 0.18 to 4.68 | 0.88 0.23 to 3.78 | 0.88 0.17 to 5.04 | 0.82 0.02 to 26.20 | 0.81 0.09 to 8.05 | 0.78 0.22 to 2.80 | 0.74 0.24 to 2.54 | 0.73 0.13 to 4.39 | 0.70 0.04 to 10.44 | 0.62 0.04 to 7.81 | 0.62 0.25 to 1.52 | 0.54 0.02 to 10.10 | 0.53 0.08 to 3.53 | 0.51 0.15 to 1.98 | 0.51 0.06 to 3.91 | 0.50 0.05 to 4.71 | 0.47 0.07 to 2.94 | 0.46 0.12 to 1.88 | 0.39 0.09 to 1.97 | 0.37 0.10 to 1.59 | 0.25 0.01 to 5.46 | 0.18 0.01 to 1.85 |
| LIRAMETF_SC | 1.35 0.24 to 6.60 | 2.72 0.03 to 318 | 2.69 0.33 to 21.69 | 1.53 0.21 to 10.40 | 1.52 0.26 to 8.41 | 1.45 0.19 to 10.22 | 1.41 0.26 to 6.56 | 1.32 0.24 to 6.34 | 1.33 0.23 to 6.60 | 1.23 0.20 to 6.60 | 1.22 0.14 to 10.58 | 1.16 0.13 to 9.61 | 1.08 0.13 to 7.65 | LIRAMETF_SC | 0.99 0.16 to 5.14 | 0.97 0.13 to 6.35 | 0.96 0.15 to 5.32 | 0.95 0.13 to 6.00 | 0.85 0.01 to 31.52 | 0.87 0.07 to 9.45 | 0.83 0.14 to 4.14 | 0.81 0.14 to 3.94 | 0.79 0.09 to 6.15 | 0.78 0.04 to 12.82 | 0.66 0.03 to 10.07 | 0.66 0.09 to 3.76 | 0.56 0.01 to 12.93 | 0.56 0.07 to 4.06 | 0.56 0.10 to 2.77 | 0.54 0.05 to 5.21 | 0.53 0.04 to 6.19 | 0.49 0.06 to 3.66 | 0.50 0.08 to 2.76 | 0.43 0.06 to 2.68 | 0.41 0.07 to 2.16 | 0.26 0.01 to 7.24 | 0.18 0.01 to 2.57 |
| TASP_SC | 1.36 0.70 to 2.74 | 2.80 0.04 to 240 | 2.73 0.61 to 13.49 | 1.55 0.43 to 6.00 | 1.53 0.47 to 5.72 | 1.46 0.35 to 6.69 | 1.42 0.67 to 3.30 | 1.32 0.67 to 2.86 | 1.31 0.61 to 3.18 | 1.22 0.50 to 3.33 | 1.22 0.27 to 6.15 | 1.19 0.28 to 5.27 | 1.10 0.28 to 4.00 | 1.01 0.19 to 6.35 | TASP_SC | 0.98 0.28 to 3.27 | 0.97 0.38 to 2.61 | 0.96 0.27 to 3.63 | 0.90 0.02 to 22.73 | 0.87 0.14 to 6.46 | 0.85 0.40 to 1.70 | 0.81 0.43 to 1.61 | 0.79 0.19 to 3.36 | 0.78 0.05 to 9.39 | 0.67 0.05 to 7.29 | 0.68 0.23 to 1.77 | 0.58 0.02 to 9.06 | 0.57 0.13 to 2.72 | 0.56 0.26 to 1.27 | 0.55 0.08 to 2.96 | 0.55 0.07 to 3.78 | 0.51 0.10 to 2.37 | 0.50 0.20 to 1.32 | 0.43 0.14 to 1.39 | 0.41 0.17 to 1.08 | 0.27 0.01 to 5.09 | 0.19 0.01 to 1.56 |
| VISEPE_SC | 1.39 0.51 to 3.96 | 2.87 0.04 to 263 | 2.76 0.51 to 17.45 | 1.59 0.36 to 7.45 | 1.55 0.37 to 7.87 | 1.48 0.27 to 8.83 | 1.46 0.45 to 4.98 | 1.35 0.42 to 4.65 | 1.35 0.43 to 4.54 | 1.25 0.38 to 4.69 | 1.26 0.22 to 7.74 | 1.21 0.22 to 7.12 | 1.11 0.21 to 5.44 | 1.03 0.16 to 7.64 | 1.02 0.31 to 3.57 | VISEPE_SC | 0.98 0.28 to 3.81 | 0.97 0.21 to 4.83 | 0.92 0.02 to 27.14 | 0.90 0.12 to 7.91 | 0.86 0.30 to 2.55 | 0.83 0.29 to 2.55 | 0.82 0.16 to 4.50 | 0.80 0.05 to 11.18 | 0.68 0.04 to 8.67 | 0.68 0.18 to 2.55 | 0.58 0.02 to 10.77 | 0.58 0.11 to 3.33 | 0.57 0.18 to 1.94 | 0.56 0.07 to 3.88 | 0.57 0.06 to 4.63 | 0.52 0.09 to 3.08 | 0.51 0.14 to 1.97 | 0.44 0.11 to 2.05 | 0.42 0.12 to 1.54 | 0.28 0.01 to 5.50 | 0.19 0.01 to 1.84 |
| ALBI_SC | 1.42 0.64 to 3.06 | 2.88 0.04 to 234 | 2.79 0.59 to 14.36 | 1.60 0.42 to 6.47 | 1.58 0.44 to 6.13 | 1.52 0.33 to 7.07 | 1.47 0.63 to 3.52 | 1.37 0.57 to 3.47 | 1.38 0.55 to 3.41 | 1.27 0.47 to 3.62 | 1.27 0.26 to 6.53 | 1.25 0.26 to 5.64 | 1.14 0.26 to 4.38 | 1.04 0.19 to 6.53 | 1.03 0.38 to 2.65 | 1.02 0.26 to 3.56 | ALBI_SC | 1.00 0.25 to 4.01 | 0.94 0.02 to 24.40 | 0.91 0.14 to 6.84 | 0.88 0.37 to 1.96 | 0.84 0.38 to 1.87 | 0.83 0.18 to 3.66 | 0.81 0.05 to 9.07 | 0.69 0.05 to 7.61 | 0.70 0.22 to 1.98 | 0.59 0.02 to 9.33 | 0.59 0.12 to 2.80 | 0.58 0.24 to 1.40 | 0.58 0.08 to 3.16 | 0.57 0.07 to 4.24 | 0.52 0.11 to 2.41 | 0.52 0.24 to 1.08 | 0.45 0.15 to 1.38 | 0.42 0.15 to 1.16 | 0.28 0.01 to 5.33 | 0.20 0.01 to 1.74 |
| EXENER_SC | 1.43 0.43 to 4.59 | 2.90 0.03 to 294 | 2.83 0.50 to 17.62 | 1.61 0.34 to 8.05 | 1.59 0.54 to 5.10 | 1.49 0.43 to 5.67 | 1.49 0.45 to 4.87 | 1.37 0.45 to 4.28 | 1.38 0.41 to 4.80 | 1.27 0.34 to 4.94 | 1.26 0.21 to 7.63 | 1.24 0.20 to 7.65 | 1.14 0.20 to 5.93 | 1.06 0.17 to 7.57 | 1.04 0.28 to 3.76 | 1.03 0.21 to 4.73 | 1.00 0.25 to 4.01 | EXENER_SC | 0.91 0.02 to 27.26 | 0.91 0.11 to 8.28 | 0.88 0.25 to 2.86 | 0.84 0.24 to 2.84 | 0.83 0.14 to 5.04 | 0.82 0.05 to 10.93 | 0.68 0.04 to 9.40 | 0.70 0.16 to 2.85 | 0.59 0.02 to 11.58 | 0.59 0.24 to 1.45 | 0.58 0.17 to 1.97 | 0.57 0.07 to 4.09 | 0.57 0.06 to 4.90 | 0.52 0.09 to 3.05 | 0.52 0.13 to 2.07 | 0.45 0.10 to 2.02 | 0.42 0.12 to 1.56 | 0.28 0.01 to 5.89 | 0.19 0.01 to 1.94 |
| ORFO_PO | 1.52 0.07 to 68.91 | 3.32 0.02 to 1030 | 3.09 0.09 to 186 | 1.76 0.06 to 98.38 | 1.73 0.06 to 90.45 | 1.67 0.05 to 98.77 | 1.61 0.06 to 77.61 | 1.49 0.06 to 73.90 | 1.47 0.06 to 71.23 | 1.39 0.05 to 68.69 | 1.35 0.04 to 88.93 | 1.37 0.04 to 79.59 | 1.22 0.04 to 65.43 | 1.17 0.03 to 70.80 | 1.11 0.04 to 52.99 | 1.09 0.04 to 57.17 | 1.07 0.04 to 54.91 | 1.10 0.04 to 61.40 | ORFO_PO | 1.02 0.02 to 63.41 | 0.95 0.04 to 44.17 | 0.91 0.04 to 42.19 | 0.89 0.03 to 51.23 | 0.90 0.01 to 78.61 | 0.74 0.01 to 67.80 | 0.75 0.03 to 38.27 | 0.62 0.01 to 71.84 | 0.64 0.02 to 37.54 | 0.62 0.03 to 30.90 | 0.61 0.01 to 40.19 | 0.63 0.01 to 40.89 | 0.57 0.02 to 33.65 | 0.57 0.02 to 28.47 | 0.49 0.02 to 27.10 | 0.47 0.02 to 22.91 | 0.30 0.00 to 33.64 | 0.21 0.00 to 15.63 |
| CANALIRA_SC | 1.55 0.24 to 9.52 | 3.12 0.03 to 359 | 3.07 0.42 to 23.20 | 1.76 0.20 to 13.77 | 1.76 0.22 to 13.79 | 1.66 0.18 to 14.34 | 1.63 0.26 to 9.51 | 1.51 0.23 to 9.39 | 1.52 0.23 to 9.50 | 1.40 0.21 to 8.51 | 1.39 0.14 to 13.75 | 1.38 0.13 to 13.04 | 1.24 0.12 to 10.80 | 1.15 0.11 to 13.41 | 1.15 0.15 to 7.21 | 1.11 0.13 to 8.54 | 1.09 0.15 to 7.26 | 1.10 0.12 to 8.82 | 0.98 0.02 to 41.18 | CANALIRA_SC | 0.96 0.14 to 5.93 | 0.92 0.13 to 5.54 | 0.90 0.09 to 8.34 | 0.88 0.04 to 16.51 | 0.74 0.03 to 13.04 | 0.76 0.09 to 5.54 | 0.61 0.02 to 16.69 | 0.64 0.06 to 5.95 | 0.64 0.10 to 3.89 | 0.62 0.05 to 6.76 | 0.63 0.05 to 7.23 | 0.58 0.06 to 4.97 | 0.57 0.08 to 3.84 | 0.49 0.06 to 3.91 | 0.47 0.06 to 3.10 | 0.30 0.01 to 8.29 | 0.21 0.01 to 3.18 |
| LIXI_SC | 1.61 1.14 to 2.34 | 3.34 0.05 to 266 | 3.23 0.78 to 14.84 | 1.83 0.57 to 6.27 | 1.80 0.60 to 6.30 | 1.72 0.44 to 7.41 | 1.68 0.89 to 3.38 | 1.56 0.84 to 3.22 | 1.56 0.85 to 3.20 | 1.46 0.69 to 3.45 | 1.44 0.35 to 6.89 | 1.41 0.35 to 5.96 | 1.29 0.36 to 4.47 | 1.20 0.24 to 6.96 | 1.18 0.59 to 2.48 | 1.16 0.39 to 3.37 | 1.14 0.51 to 2.71 | 1.14 0.35 to 4.02 | 1.06 0.02 to 24.96 | 1.04 0.17 to 7.24 | LIXI_SC | 0.96 0.59 to 1.62 | 0.94 0.24 to 3.91 | 0.92 0.07 to 10.10 | 0.80 0.06 to 8.15 | 0.79 0.31 to 1.94 | 0.68 0.02 to 10.08 | 0.68 0.16 to 2.91 | 0.66 0.36 to 1.28 | 0.66 0.11 to 3.27 | 0.65 0.09 to 4.20 | 0.60 0.13 to 2.57 | 0.59 0.27 to 1.37 | 0.51 0.18 to 1.56 | 0.48 0.22 to 1.11 | 0.32 0.01 to 5.29 | 0.23 0.02 to 1.67 |
| EXEN_SC | 1.68 1.11 to 2.50 | 3.39 0.05 to 282 | 3.37 0.82 to 14.97 | 1.92 0.61 to 6.32 | 1.88 0.62 to 6.29 | 1.78 0.44 to 7.54 | 1.74 0.95 to 3.39 | 1.63 0.88 to 3.16 | 1.62 0.90 to 3.10 | 1.51 0.72 to 3.50 | 1.49 0.37 to 6.87 | 1.45 0.40 to 5.64 | 1.35 0.39 to 4.18 | 1.24 0.25 to 7.22 | 1.23 0.62 to 2.32 | 1.20 0.39 to 3.48 | 1.19 0.54 to 2.64 | 1.19 0.35 to 4.10 | 1.09 0.02 to 26.77 | 1.08 0.18 to 7.65 | 1.04 0.62 to 1.69 | EXEN_SC | 0.97 0.27 to 3.63 | 0.95 0.07 to 10.42 | 0.81 0.06 to 8.04 | 0.83 0.36 to 1.73 | 0.71 0.02 to 10.56 | 0.71 0.17 to 3.01 | 0.69 0.40 to 1.22 | 0.69 0.11 to 3.33 | 0.67 0.10 to 4.26 | 0.62 0.14 to 2.67 | 0.62 0.30 to 1.25 | 0.53 0.20 to 1.48 | 0.50 0.23 to 1.13 | 0.33 0.01 to 5.70 | 0.23 0.02 to 1.81 |
| EXENROSI_SC | 1.72 0.44 to 6.43 | 3.45 0.04 to 338 | 3.42 0.52 to 24.89 | 1.95 0.35 to 10.98 | 1.94 0.35 to 11.48 | 1.83 0.27 to 12.30 | 1.81 0.43 to 7.38 | 1.67 0.39 to 7.10 | 1.65 0.41 to 6.87 | 1.54 0.36 to 6.97 | 1.53 0.22 to 10.85 | 1.48 0.40 to 5.80 | 1.38 0.23 to 7.47 | 1.26 0.16 to 10.88 | 1.26 0.30 to 5.15 | 1.22 0.22 to 6.40 | 1.21 0.27 to 5.47 | 1.21 0.20 to 7.35 | 1.12 0.02 to 33.24 | 1.11 0.12 to 11.53 | 1.06 0.26 to 4.15 | 1.03 0.28 to 3.66 | EXENROSI_SC | 0.97 0.06 to 15.23 | 0.83 0.05 to 11.95 | 0.84 0.18 to 3.74 | 0.71 0.02 to 14.11 | 0.72 0.10 to 4.83 | 0.71 0.18 to 2.95 | 0.69 0.08 to 5.12 | 0.68 0.07 to 6.31 | 0.63 0.09 to 4.32 | 0.63 0.14 to 2.70 | 0.55 0.11 to 2.74 | 0.51 0.11 to 2.31 | 0.33 0.01 to 7.80 | 0.24 0.01 to 2.75 |
| TIRZ_SC | 1.75 0.17 to 23.12 | 3.67 0.03 to 575 | 3.48 0.24 to 62.74 | 2.00 0.15 to 33.03 | 1.93 0.15 to 32.60 | 1.84 0.13 to 33.95 | 1.84 0.17 to 25.24 | 1.70 0.16 to 22.59 | 1.71 0.16 to 23.62 | 1.55 0.16 to 20.28 | 1.60 0.10 to 30.81 | 1.56 0.10 to 27.56 | 1.43 0.10 to 22.90 | 1.29 0.08 to 28.50 | 1.28 0.11 to 18.63 | 1.26 0.09 to 21.07 | 1.24 0.11 to 18.61 | 1.22 0.09 to 20.90 | 1.11 0.01 to 67.25 | 1.14 0.06 to 25.49 | 1.09 0.10 to 14.61 | 1.05 0.10 to 14.11 | 1.03 0.07 to 17.71 | TIRZ_SC | 0.86 0.03 to 24.50 | 0.87 0.07 to 12.47 | 0.73 0.01 to 30.71 | 0.74 0.04 to 13.48 | 0.72 0.07 to 9.65 | 0.71 0.04 to 14.32 | 0.71 0.04 to 13.61 | 0.65 0.04 to 12.26 | 0.64 0.05 to 9.07 | 0.56 0.04 to 9.07 | 0.52 0.05 to 7.53 | 0.35 0.01 to 15.69 | 0.24 0.01 to 6.56 |
| EMPAGLIFLOZIN | 2.03 0.21 to 26.09 | 4.37 0.03 to 660 | 4.15 0.30 to 75.99 | 2.33 0.20 to 35.73 | 2.32 0.18 to 37.14 | 2.18 0.15 to 40.78 | 2.14 0.21 to 28.85 | 1.99 0.19 to 27.80 | 1.99 0.21 to 26.18 | 1.83 0.18 to 26.00 | 1.83 0.13 to 32.49 | 1.80 0.13 to 32.48 | 1.61 0.13 to 26.31 | 1.52 0.10 to 33.99 | 1.48 0.14 to 20.08 | 1.47 0.12 to 22.89 | 1.45 0.13 to 21.77 | 1.47 0.11 to 23.50 | 1.34 0.01 to 82.85 | 1.35 0.08 to 29.75 | 1.25 0.12 to 16.39 | 1.23 0.12 to 16.85 | 1.20 0.08 to 20.64 | 1.16 0.04 to 35.58 | EMPAGLIFLOZIN | 0.98 0.09 to 14.85 | 0.83 0.01 to 33.79 | 0.87 0.06 to 15.80 | 0.85 0.08 to 11.05 | 0.84 0.04 to 16.38 | 0.83 0.04 to 16.95 | 0.76 0.05 to 14.34 | 0.74 0.07 to 10.52 | 0.66 0.06 to 9.33 | 0.61 0.06 to 8.64 | 0.40 0.01 to 19.10 | 0.28 0.01 to 7.21 |
| INS_PREMIX | 2.04 0.87 to 4.99 | 4.21 0.05 to 363 | 4.09 0.84 to 22.56 | 2.30 0.59 to 10.11 | 2.27 0.61 to 10.14 | 2.19 0.47 to 11.45 | 2.14 0.82 to 6.17 | 1.96 0.78 to 5.61 | 1.98 0.77 to 5.57 | 1.82 0.66 to 6.00 | 1.82 0.36 to 10.39 | 1.77 0.40 to 8.45 | 1.62 0.66 to 3.97 | 1.51 0.27 to 10.64 | 1.47 0.56 to 4.29 | 1.46 0.39 to 5.55 | 1.42 0.51 to 4.49 | 1.43 0.35 to 6.37 | 1.34 0.03 to 35.88 | 1.31 0.18 to 10.65 | 1.27 0.51 to 3.19 | 1.21 0.58 to 2.82 | 1.19 0.27 to 5.58 | 1.15 0.08 to 14.63 | 1.02 0.07 to 11.32 | INS_PREMIX | 0.87 0.03 to 14.00 | 0.85 0.17 to 4.65 | 0.84 0.33 to 2.28 | 0.84 0.11 to 5.00 | 0.81 0.10 to 6.37 | 0.76 0.15 to 4.04 | 0.74 0.27 to 2.16 | 0.65 0.18 to 2.42 | 0.61 0.22 to 1.91 | 0.41 0.01 to 8.08 | 0.29 0.02 to 2.59 |
| EFPE_SC | 2.35 0.16 to 70.68 | 5.37 0.03 to 1152 | 4.88 0.23 to 180 | 2.77 0.14 to 87.83 | 2.78 0.14 to 99.78 | 2.60 0.12 to 93.64 | 2.49 0.16 to 77.95 | 2.32 0.15 to 75.38 | 2.33 0.15 to 71.75 | 2.15 0.13 to 69.50 | 2.23 0.10 to 81.88 | 2.13 0.10 to 82.07 | 1.86 0.10 to 64.89 | 1.80 0.08 to 77.45 | 1.74 0.11 to 56.09 | 1.72 0.09 to 57.75 | 1.70 0.11 to 50.95 | 1.70 0.09 to 57.32 | 1.62 0.01 to 146 | 1.63 0.06 to 64.15 | 1.47 0.10 to 43.32 | 1.41 0.09 to 42.75 | 1.41 0.07 to 54.30 | 1.37 0.03 to 80.36 | 1.21 0.03 to 70.93 | 1.15 0.07 to 37.05 | EFPE_SC | 1.00 0.05 to 36.93 | 0.98 0.06 to 29.38 | 0.97 0.04 to 37.57 | 0.97 0.03 to 44.36 | 0.91 0.04 to 32.98 | 0.87 0.06 to 26.70 | 0.76 0.04 to 24.20 | 0.73 0.05 to 21.25 | 0.48 0.01 to 35.05 | 0.34 0.01 to 16.74 |
| OTHER_ACTIVE_basal_bolus_insulin | 2.37 0.57 to 9.85 | 4.83 0.06 to 517 | 4.75 0.72 to 35.30 | 2.70 0.49 to 15.57 | 2.70 0.69 to 10.84 | 2.58 0.58 to 12.28 | 2.46 0.61 to 10.55 | 2.29 0.61 to 9.28 | 2.31 0.57 to 10.11 | 2.13 0.48 to 10.44 | 2.11 0.30 to 15.16 | 2.08 0.29 to 14.73 | 1.90 0.28 to 12.11 | 1.79 0.25 to 14.61 | 1.76 0.37 to 7.98 | 1.73 0.30 to 9.36 | 1.69 0.36 to 8.65 | 1.69 0.69 to 4.15 | 1.56 0.03 to 52.13 | 1.56 0.17 to 16.35 | 1.48 0.34 to 6.14 | 1.42 0.33 to 6.01 | 1.39 0.21 to 9.59 | 1.36 0.07 to 22.26 | 1.16 0.06 to 17.87 | 1.17 0.22 to 5.92 | 1.00 0.03 to 20.46 | OTHER_ACTIVE_basal_bolus_insulin | 0.98 0.24 to 4.24 | 0.95 0.10 to 8.61 | 0.94 0.09 to 9.06 | 0.88 0.13 to 6.09 | 0.87 0.19 to 4.38 | 0.75 0.14 to 4.33 | 0.71 0.16 to 3.23 | 0.47 0.01 to 10.89 | 0.33 0.02 to 3.74 |
| INS_GLARGINE | 2.43 1.41 to 4.10 | 4.96 0.06 to 399 | 4.84 1.21 to 21.40 | 2.76 0.87 to 8.60 | 2.74 0.87 to 8.83 | 2.59 0.65 to 10.42 | 2.54 1.43 to 4.53 | 2.35 1.32 to 4.40 | 2.35 1.42 to 4.01 | 2.18 1.07 to 4.69 | 2.16 0.58 to 8.92 | 2.13 0.50 to 8.79 | 1.95 0.50 to 6.74 | 1.79 0.36 to 10.22 | 1.78 0.79 to 3.82 | 1.75 0.51 to 5.51 | 1.72 0.72 to 4.17 | 1.71 0.51 to 5.82 | 1.60 0.03 to 39.52 | 1.55 0.26 to 10.39 | 1.51 0.78 to 2.74 | 1.45 0.82 to 2.52 | 1.42 0.34 to 5.65 | 1.38 0.10 to 14.80 | 1.18 0.09 to 12.15 | 1.19 0.44 to 3.00 | 1.02 0.03 to 16.03 | 1.02 0.24 to 4.11 | INS_GLARGINE | 0.98 0.15 to 5.01 | 0.98 0.14 to 6.40 | 0.89 0.21 to 3.70 | 0.89 0.38 to 2.06 | 0.77 0.27 to 2.28 | 0.73 0.37 to 1.46 | 0.48 0.02 to 8.32 | 0.34 0.02 to 2.62 |
| HRS7535_PO | 2.43 0.53 to 15.12 | 5.12 0.06 to 545 | 4.95 0.63 to 48.20 | 2.81 0.43 to 22.86 | 2.78 0.39 to 23.16 | 2.64 0.33 to 26.57 | 2.59 0.49 to 17.43 | 2.43 0.45 to 16.34 | 2.39 0.48 to 15.65 | 2.22 0.41 to 15.44 | 2.23 0.28 to 22.00 | 2.14 0.28 to 21.30 | 1.97 0.26 to 17.37 | 1.87 0.19 to 21.14 | 1.80 0.34 to 11.85 | 1.78 0.26 to 13.62 | 1.73 0.32 to 12.52 | 1.77 0.24 to 14.67 | 1.64 0.02 to 68.14 | 1.61 0.15 to 22.08 | 1.51 0.31 to 9.45 | 1.46 0.30 to 9.48 | 1.45 0.20 to 13.28 | 1.42 0.07 to 28.18 | 1.19 0.06 to 22.65 | 1.19 0.20 to 9.13 | 1.04 0.03 to 25.36 | 1.06 0.12 to 10.36 | 1.02 0.20 to 6.72 | HRS7535_PO | 1.01 0.09 to 11.85 | 0.93 0.11 to 8.96 | 0.91 0.16 to 6.29 | 0.79 0.13 to 6.25 | 0.73 0.13 to 5.32 | 0.50 0.01 to 14.66 | 0.35 0.02 to 5.18 |
| INS_ASPART | 2.50 0.40 to 16.81 | 5.09 0.05 to 600 | 5.02 0.58 to 46.91 | 2.87 0.33 to 24.43 | 2.80 0.34 to 25.50 | 2.66 0.27 to 28.38 | 2.59 0.41 to 18.14 | 2.39 0.38 to 17.35 | 2.38 0.38 to 16.95 | 2.23 0.39 to 13.91 | 2.29 0.23 to 23.52 | 2.19 0.24 to 22.20 | 1.99 0.21 to 18.37 | 1.90 0.16 to 22.56 | 1.81 0.26 to 13.75 | 1.76 0.22 to 16.17 | 1.75 0.24 to 13.73 | 1.76 0.20 to 16.07 | 1.58 0.02 to 67.11 | 1.60 0.14 to 21.47 | 1.53 0.24 to 10.66 | 1.49 0.23 to 10.45 | 1.47 0.16 to 14.67 | 1.41 0.07 to 26.48 | 1.20 0.06 to 23.64 | 1.23 0.16 to 9.83 | 1.03 0.02 to 29.69 | 1.06 0.11 to 10.68 | 1.02 0.16 to 7.05 | 0.99 0.08 to 11.08 | INS_ASPART | 0.92 0.10 to 9.39 | 0.92 0.13 to 6.79 | 0.78 0.10 to 7.05 | 0.74 0.11 to 5.59 | 0.49 0.01 to 14.73 | 0.35 0.01 to 5.59 |
| OTHER_ACTIVE_insulin_dose_increase | 2.70 0.64 to 11.31 | 5.51 0.06 to 583 | 5.44 0.83 to 38.45 | 3.09 0.52 to 17.84 | 3.06 0.56 to 17.30 | 2.90 0.42 to 19.71 | 2.84 0.79 to 10.67 | 2.63 0.64 to 11.35 | 2.61 0.64 to 11.38 | 2.45 0.55 to 11.31 | 2.40 0.36 to 17.74 | 2.34 0.33 to 16.82 | 2.14 0.34 to 13.73 | 2.03 0.27 to 16.91 | 1.96 0.42 to 9.84 | 1.93 0.33 to 10.87 | 1.91 0.42 to 9.40 | 1.91 0.33 to 11.35 | 1.77 0.03 to 59.20 | 1.74 0.20 to 17.46 | 1.67 0.39 to 7.44 | 1.61 0.37 to 7.13 | 1.59 0.23 to 10.77 | 1.54 0.08 to 23.40 | 1.32 0.07 to 19.37 | 1.32 0.25 to 6.84 | 1.10 0.03 to 23.32 | 1.14 0.16 to 7.68 | 1.12 0.27 to 4.74 | 1.08 0.11 to 9.05 | 1.08 0.11 to 10.17 | OTHER_ACTIVE_insulin_dose_increase | 0.99 0.21 to 4.80 | 0.85 0.16 to 4.91 | 0.81 0.18 to 3.59 | 0.52 0.01 to 12.09 | 0.37 0.02 to 4.48 |
| INS_LISPRO | 2.73 1.27 to 5.64 | 5.53 0.07 to 472 | 5.44 1.19 to 27.14 | 3.11 0.84 to 12.06 | 3.03 0.85 to 11.75 | 2.93 0.63 to 13.56 | 2.84 1.24 to 6.81 | 2.64 1.11 to 6.59 | 2.65 1.10 to 6.40 | 2.45 0.92 to 6.75 | 2.43 0.50 to 12.73 | 2.37 0.54 to 10.77 | 2.18 0.53 to 8.08 | 1.99 0.36 to 13.19 | 2.00 0.76 to 4.91 | 1.98 0.51 to 6.95 | 1.93 0.93 to 4.09 | 1.94 0.48 to 7.64 | 1.76 0.04 to 45.91 | 1.75 0.26 to 13.00 | 1.69 0.73 to 3.67 | 1.62 0.80 to 3.31 | 1.58 0.37 to 7.00 | 1.56 0.11 to 18.19 | 1.34 0.10 to 14.04 | 1.34 0.46 to 3.64 | 1.15 0.04 to 18.07 | 1.14 0.23 to 5.28 | 1.12 0.48 to 2.60 | 1.10 0.16 to 6.09 | 1.09 0.15 to 7.49 | 1.01 0.21 to 4.75 | INS_LISPRO | 0.87 0.33 to 2.35 | 0.82 0.30 to 2.16 | 0.54 0.02 to 9.77 | 0.38 0.02 to 3.22 |
| STANDARD_CARE | 3.14 1.11 to 8.55 | 6.43 0.08 to 604 | 6.35 1.15 to 36.01 | 3.63 0.79 to 15.92 | 3.56 0.81 to 15.29 | 3.39 0.62 to 17.98 | 3.33 1.10 to 9.39 | 3.08 0.99 to 9.19 | 3.08 1.01 to 9.14 | 2.87 0.87 to 9.13 | 2.79 0.49 to 15.60 | 2.76 0.51 to 14.17 | 2.54 0.51 to 11.37 | 2.34 0.37 to 16.14 | 2.30 0.72 to 6.92 | 2.27 0.49 to 9.19 | 2.23 0.72 to 6.77 | 2.22 0.50 to 9.93 | 2.04 0.04 to 61.82 | 2.05 0.26 to 16.36 | 1.95 0.64 to 5.49 | 1.87 0.68 to 4.97 | 1.83 0.36 to 8.94 | 1.78 0.11 to 22.64 | 1.53 0.11 to 17.57 | 1.54 0.41 to 5.42 | 1.31 0.04 to 22.25 | 1.33 0.23 to 7.09 | 1.31 0.44 to 3.70 | 1.27 0.16 to 7.89 | 1.28 0.14 to 9.85 | 1.18 0.20 to 6.33 | 1.15 0.43 to 3.02 | STANDARD_CARE | 0.95 0.28 to 2.99 | 0.62 0.02 to 12.90 | 0.44 0.03 to 4.11 |
| GLIMEPIRIDE | 3.34 1.54 to 6.91 | 6.70 0.09 to 612 | 6.59 1.52 to 31.72 | 3.82 1.11 to 13.30 | 3.76 1.11 to 12.62 | 3.53 0.79 to 15.25 | 3.48 1.71 to 6.99 | 3.24 1.60 to 6.73 | 3.23 1.66 to 6.50 | 3.00 1.23 to 7.76 | 2.97 0.70 to 14.04 | 2.93 0.61 to 13.45 | 2.70 0.63 to 10.21 | 2.44 0.46 to 15.35 | 2.46 0.93 to 6.01 | 2.38 0.65 to 8.24 | 2.37 0.86 to 6.51 | 2.36 0.64 to 8.50 | 2.15 0.04 to 56.23 | 2.13 0.32 to 15.42 | 2.08 0.90 to 4.54 | 2.00 0.89 to 4.28 | 1.95 0.43 to 8.82 | 1.93 0.13 to 21.83 | 1.63 0.12 to 16.70 | 1.65 0.52 to 4.53 | 1.37 0.05 to 21.70 | 1.41 0.31 to 6.27 | 1.37 0.69 to 2.72 | 1.37 0.19 to 7.53 | 1.35 0.18 to 8.96 | 1.23 0.28 to 5.42 | 1.22 0.46 to 3.29 | 1.06 0.33 to 3.57 | GLIMEPIRIDE | 0.67 0.02 to 12.15 | 0.47 0.03 to 3.79 |
| MAZD_SC | 5.02 0.31 to 151 | 10.71 0.05 to 2523 | 10.13 0.46 to 391 | 5.77 0.27 to 179 | 5.72 0.27 to 200 | 5.44 0.24 to 201 | 5.28 0.30 to 159 | 4.96 0.28 to 152 | 4.92 0.28 to 144 | 4.62 0.26 to 148 | 4.60 0.19 to 182 | 4.48 0.20 to 157 | 4.00 0.18 to 142 | 3.84 0.14 to 154 | 3.65 0.20 to 107 | 3.57 0.18 to 127 | 3.57 0.19 to 119 | 3.57 0.17 to 139 | 3.31 0.03 to 348 | 3.34 0.12 to 144 | 3.09 0.19 to 96.86 | 3.04 0.18 to 90.96 | 3.00 0.13 to 112 | 2.88 0.06 to 166 | 2.52 0.05 to 138 | 2.44 0.12 to 79.88 | 2.10 0.03 to 152 | 2.12 0.09 to 85.99 | 2.08 0.12 to 61.80 | 2.01 0.07 to 85.05 | 2.03 0.07 to 91.42 | 1.92 0.08 to 67.63 | 1.85 0.10 to 60.25 | 1.61 0.08 to 52.17 | 1.49 0.08 to 47.25 | MAZD_SC | 0.69 0.01 to 34.34 |
| DANU_PO | 7.07 1.00 to 101 | 15.40 0.14 to 2402 | 14.43 1.29 to 293 | 8.05 0.87 to 148 | 8.14 0.86 to 140 | 7.81 0.70 to 142 | 7.47 0.95 to 113 | 6.84 0.90 to 102 | 6.82 0.90 to 109 | 6.39 0.81 to 105 | 6.43 0.57 to 133 | 6.41 0.55 to 129 | 5.68 0.54 to 105 | 5.45 0.39 to 129 | 5.18 0.64 to 76.91 | 5.17 0.54 to 84.91 | 5.04 0.58 to 82.70 | 5.18 0.52 to 98.85 | 4.77 0.06 to 291 | 4.78 0.31 to 119 | 4.39 0.60 to 65.22 | 4.28 0.55 to 61.83 | 4.17 0.36 to 82.55 | 4.22 0.15 to 126 | 3.53 0.14 to 108 | 3.49 0.39 to 56.05 | 2.98 0.06 to 129 | 3.01 0.27 to 56.82 | 2.91 0.38 to 43.99 | 2.87 0.19 to 60.07 | 2.86 0.18 to 74.32 | 2.67 0.22 to 50.79 | 2.62 0.31 to 40.10 | 2.26 0.24 to 39.69 | 2.12 0.26 to 34.07 | 1.45 0.03 to 72.66 | DANU_PO |
Heterogeneity, fit and convergence
Bayesian random effects (primary)
Inconsistency
No comparison here has both direct and indirect evidence, so inconsistency cannot be checked by node splitting.
Small study effects
Fewer than ten trial comparisons, too few to judge funnel plot asymmetry.
Baseline characteristics of the trials
| Trial | Baseline HbA1c (percent) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 75 of 75 | Background glucose lowering therapy (stratum S0 to S4) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 71 of 75 |
|---|---|---|
| GETGOAL-L-ASIA S000488 | 8.53 | S2 |
| NCT00754988 S000027 | 7.96 | S1 |
| NCT02325960 S000058 | 8.18 | S1 |
| NCT01296412 S000080 | 8.15 | S1 |
| REWIND S000147 | 7.35 | S4 |
| STEP HFpEF DM S000161 | 6.8 median | S4 |
| PB119 S000217 | 8.5 | S0 |
| NCT01001104 S000232 | 8.02 | S0 |
| PIONEER 10 S000234 | 8.31 | S1 |
| NCT02846233 S000236 | 9.99 | S3 |
| AWARD-7 S000237 | 8.6 | S3 |
| NCT00717457 S000414 | 8.1 | S1 |
| NCT00516074 S000435 | 7.31 | S1 |
| NCT00082407 S000441 | 8.6 | S1 |
| GETGOAL-S S000491 | 8.26 | S1 |
| NCT01175473 S000587 | 7.3 | S1 |
| NCT03829891 S000676 | 9.21 | S1 |
| PREVAIL S000693 | 6.57 | S2 |
| NCT00577824 S000752 | 8.22 | S1 |
| GetGoal-Duo1 S000792 | 7.6 | S2 |
| NCT01558271 S000837 | 8.14 | S0 |
| NCT00849017 S000852 | 8.07 | S0 |
| GRADE S000873 | 7.5 | S1 |
| GetGoal-O S000904 | 8.04 | S4 |
| NCT00135330 S000943 | 7.83 | S1 |
| NCT02200991 S001003 | 8.29 | S2 |
| NCT00097500 S001020 | 7.5 | S1 |
| AWARD-CHN1 S001064 | 7.97 | S0 |
| NCT01733758 S001075 | 8.11 | S0 |
| NCT05514535 S001161 | 7.9 | S2 |
| NCT03985293 S001191 | 8.08 | S1 |
| NCT00375492 S001222 | 7.62 | not reported |
| NCT04504396 S001230 | 8.47 | S1 |
| NCT00360334 S001323 | 8.57 | S1 |
| NCT04552470 S001336 | 8.37 | S0 |
| SOLID-DKD S001370 | 7.61 | S4 |
| AWARD-CHN2 S001404 | 8.37 | S1 |
| NCT02324842 S001422 | 8.2 | S1 |
| GETGOAL-X S001439 | 7.96 | S1 |
| NCT00299871 S001455 | 7.55 | S1 |
| LIGHT-ON S001525 | 7.7 | S1 |
| NCT00460941 S001597 | 7.9 | S1 |
| NCT00744926 S001638 | 7.7 | S0 |
| SUSTAIN 8 S001847 | 8.25 | S1 |
| NCT02229227 S001887 | 7.7 | S3 |
| NCT00382239 S001906 | 7.98 | S1 |
| AGAC2 S001949 | 10.54 | S3 |
| NCT01632163 S001963 | 7.9 | S2 |
| NCT00676338 S001966 | 8.53 | S0 |
| NCT05086445 S001999 | 7.88 | S0 |
| NCT02887625 S002035 | 10 | S1 |
| AMPLITUDE-M S002081 | 8.07 | S0 |
| NCT02690883 S002088 | 9.05 | S2 |
| GETGOAL-M S002188 | 8.05 | S1 |
| NCT01455441 S002225 | 8.11 | S1 |
| NCT04466904 S002331 | 8.7 | S4 |
| GETGOAL-MONO S002333 | 8.03 | S0 |
| S002885 S002885 | 9.5 | S1 |
| S002946 S002946 | 6.45 | S1 |
| S002969 S002969 | 6.74 median | S1 |
| S002991 S002991 | 10.3 | S3 |
| S002992 S002992 | 8.6 | S2 |
| S003023 S003023 | 7.05 | S1 |
| S003030 S003030 | 8.5 | S1 |
| S003047 S003047 | 8.35 | S1 |
| S003050 S003050 | 7.15 | S1 |
| S003071 S003071 | 7.8 | S1 |
| S003072 S003072 | 8 | not reported |
| S003090 S003090 | 8.1 | S3 |
| S003094 S003094 | 8.74 | S4 |
| S003100 S003100 | 6.64 | not reported |
| S003108 S003108 | 9.2 | S0 |
| S003426 S003426 | 7.8 | S1 |
| S003427 S003427 | 10.02 | not reported |
| S003442 S003442 | 7.9 | S0 |
Comparability of the trials
- FlagBaseline, Baseline HbA1c: design means range from 6.5 (DULA_SC vs SEMA_SC) to 10.3 (INS_ASPART vs SEMA_SC) percent; threshold 0.5
- FlagEligibility, hba1c entry range: a design requires hba1c 1000 or more while another admits only 7.5 or less
- NoteOutcome assessment, time point: selected time points span 0.43 to 386.13 weeks
- NoteOutcome assessment, analysis set: mixed: completers 4, full_analysis 7, modified_itt 5, other 6, per_protocol 1, randomized 6, safety 46
- NoteOutcome assessment, definition: mixed: adjudicated severe hypoglycemia while on assigned medication;measured glucose below 54 mg/dL in 30 days before any quarterly visit 1, adverse event term hypoglycemia, threshold not stated 1, all hypoglycemia, PG 70 mg/dL or less and/or symptoms, treatment period 1, any hypoglycemia, blood glucose below 70 mg/dL 1, Any hypoglycemia, including mild symptomatic 1, any hypoglycemic event, definition not given 1, any on therapy hypoglycemic event 1, Any signs or symptoms of hypoglycemia regardless of glucose 1, glucose below 60 mg/dL or symptoms relieved by glucose 1, Hypoglycaemia reported as treatment emergent adverse event 1, Hypoglycemia adverse event of special interest 1, hypoglycemia adverse event, definition not stated 1, hypoglycemia adverse reaction, undefined 2, Hypoglycemia preferred term, mostly mild by investigator 1, hypoglycemia requiring third party assistance 1, hypoglycemia, definition not given 1, Hypoglycemia, not defined 1, incidence of hypoglycemia, definition not given 1, investigator reported symptomatic hypoglycemia 1, level 3 severe hypoglycemia 2, Major: loss of consciousness or seizure, or glucose below 3.0 mmol/L needing assistance;Minor confirmed: symptoms with glucose below 3.0 mmol/L, self treated 1, mild hypoglycemia, undefined 1, not stated 18, participants whose worst on therapy event had glucose below 3.1 mmol/L 1, participants with capillary glucose 3.0 mmol/L or lower 1, patient reported hypoglycemia events 1, Patients declaring any hypoglycemia, definition not printed;Severe hypoglycemia, undefined, leading to discontinuation 1, patients with any glucose below 70 mg/dL 1, severe (ADA) or blood glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L with symptoms 1, severe hypoglycemia 2, Severe hypoglycemia needing medical treatment 1, severe hypoglycemia needing third party assistance 1, Severe hypoglycemia requiring third party assistance 1, severe hypoglycemia with severe cognitive impairment needing medical treatment 1, severe hypoglycemia, undefined 2, Severe hypoglycemia, undefined 1, severe symptomatic hypoglycemia 1, severe symptomatic hypoglycemia needing assistance 1, severe symptomatic hypoglycemia needing assistance of another person, glucose below 2.0 mmol/L or prompt recovery 1, severe symptomatic needing assistance with glucose below 2.0 mmol/L or prompt recovery 1, severe symptomatic needing assistance with glucose below 2.0 mmol/L or prompt recovery;symptomatic with glucose below 3.3 mmol/L or prompt recovery after treatment 1, severe, assistance of another person required 1, severe, requiring assistance of another person 2, severe: third party assistance with glucose below 2.8 mmol/L or prompt recovery 1, symptomatic hypoglycemia with glucose below 3.3 mmol/L or prompt recovery 1, symptomatic hypoglycemia with glucose below 3.3 mmol/L or prompt recovery with carbohydrate 1, Symptomatic hypoglycemia with glucose below 60 mg/dL or symptoms without measurement 1, symptomatic hypoglycemia with plasma glucose below 3.3 mmol/L or prompt recovery with carbohydrate 1, symptomatic mild hypoglycemia, no glucose threshold printed 1, Symptoms or self monitored glucose below 3.4 mmol/L 1, TEAE preferred term hypoglycemia, not necessarily protocol defined 1, Zero implied by no hypoglycemia episodes of any kind 1, Zero implied by no hypoglycemia of any kind 1
- NoteOutcome assessment, adjudicated: mixed: not stated 74, yes 1
- NoteOutcome assessment, proportion method: mixed: not stated 72, observed 3
- NoteOutcome assessment, intercurrent events (discontinuation): mixed: hypothetical 1, not stated 72, treatment_policy 1, while_on_treatment 1
- NoteOutcome assessment, intercurrent events (rescue): mixed: hypothetical 1, not stated 72, treatment_policy 2
- NoteRisk of bias, blinding: mixed: double_blind 35, not_reported 4, open_label 31, single_blind 5
- NoteRisk of bias, funding: mixed: industry 53, mixed 5, non_industry 15, not_reported 2
- NoteData handling, input conversions: arms_combined 24, count_from_percent 12, nonserious_only 7, printed_denominator 18
| Trial | time weeks | analysis set | definition | instrument | adjudicated | proportion method | intercurrent events (discontinuation) | blinding | intercurrent events (rescue) | funding | start year | Eligibility |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GETGOAL-L-ASIA | 24 | safety | symptomatic hypoglycemia with glucose below 3.3 mmol/L or prompt recovery | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2009 | age 25 to 81; type 2 diabetes at least 1 year; stable basal insulin at least 10 U/day with or without sulfonylurea; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent |
| NCT00754988 | 156 | safety | hypoglycemia adverse event, definition not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2008 | age 18 to 75; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; BMI 25 (23 Asian) to 45; metformin at least 1500 mg |
| NCT02325960 | 16 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | mixed | 2015 | age 18 to 70; BMI 24 or more; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; metformin 1.5 g/day or more |
| NCT01296412 | 26 | safety | investigator reported symptomatic hypoglycemia | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2011 | age 18 to 79; HbA1c 7.0 to 11.0 percent on metformin 1500 mg or more; eGFR 60 or more |
| REWIND | 365.26 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2011 | age 50 or older with T2D; HbA1c 9.5 percent or less; BMI 23 or more; CV disease or risk factors |
| STEP HFpEF DM | 57 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2021 | age 18 or older; heart failure with LVEF 45% or more; BMI 30 or more; type 2 diabetes with HbA1c 10% or less |
| PB119 | 24 | safety | Severe hypoglycemia needing medical treatment | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2020 | age 18 to 75; HbA1c 7.5 to 11.0 at screening and 7.0 to 10.5 at randomization; BMI 18.5 to 40; eGFR 60 or more; drug naive |
| NCT01001104 | 12 | safety | all hypoglycemia, PG 70 mg/dL or less and/or symptoms, treatment period | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2009 | Japanese T2D age 20 to 74; BMI 18.5 to 40; HbA1c 7.0 to 9.5 percent after lead in |
| PIONEER 10 | 57 | safety | severe (ADA) or blood glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L with symptoms | not stated | not stated | not stated | while_on_treatment | single_blind | treatment_policy | industry | 2017 | Japanese adults 20 or older; T2D; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent on one oral glucose lowering drug |
| NCT02846233 | 16 | randomized | any hypoglycemia, blood glucose below 70 mg/dL | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | non_industry | 2016 | age over 21; BMI 30 or more; HbA1c above 8 percent; eGFR above 45; basal plus prandial or premixed insulin |
| AWARD-7 | 52 | safety | Hypoglycaemia reported as treatment emergent adverse event | not stated | not stated | not stated | treatment_policy | single_blind | treatment_policy | industry | 2012 | adults with T2D and CKD stage 3 to 4 (eGFR 15 to below 60); HbA1c 7.5 to 10.5 percent on insulin; maximal ACEI or ARB; BMI 23 to 45 |
| NCT00717457 | 104 | safety | adverse event term hypoglycemia, threshold not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2008 | age 18 to 75; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent; BMI 25 to 45 (above 23 for Asians); metformin with or without TZD |
| NCT00516074 | 12 | modified_itt | severe hypoglycemia | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2007 | age 18 to 75; HbA1c 6.5 to 9.5 percent; BMI 25 to 40; metformin and/or thiazolidinedione |
| NCT00082407 | 52 | modified_itt | Symptoms or self monitored glucose below 3.4 mmol/L | not stated | not stated | observed | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2003 | Age 30 to 75; HbA1c 7.0 to 11.0 on metformin plus sulfonylurea; BMI 25 to 40 |
| GETGOAL-S | 120 | safety | severe symptomatic hypoglycemia needing assistance | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2008 | adults on sulfonylurea with or without metformin; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent |
| NCT01175473 | 4.43 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2010 | age 37 to 74; HbA1c 6.5 to 9.0 percent; BMI above 20 and below 37; metformin 1.5 g/day or more |
| NCT03829891 | 16 | full_analysis | patient reported hypoglycemia events | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | non_industry | 2018 | age 18 to 70; diabetes 6 months or more on stable oral agents; HbA1c 7.5 to 11.0 percent; BMI 21 to 35 |
| PREVAIL | 20 | modified_itt | participants with capillary glucose 3.0 mmol/L or lower | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | non_industry | 2014 | age 30 to 80; T2D 7 years or less; A1c 6.0 to 9.5 percent off drugs or 5.5 to 9.0 on up to 2 oral drugs |
| NCT00577824 | 24 | full_analysis | Any signs or symptoms of hypoglycemia regardless of glucose | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2008 | age 20 to 75; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent JDS; weight 50 kg or more; sulfonylurea based oral therapy |
| GetGoal-Duo1 | 24.43 | safety | severe symptomatic needing assistance with glucose below 2.0 mmol/L or prompt recovery;symptomatic with glucose below 3.3 mmol/L or prompt recovery after treatment | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2009 | T2D on metformin 1.5 g or more with or without SU, glinide or TZD, HbA1c 7 to 10, BMI over 20; HbA1c 7 to 9 after run in |
| NCT01558271 | 52 | safety | severe, assistance of another person required | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2012 | Japanese; age 20 or more; BMI 18.5 to 35; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; OAM naive or OAM stopped |
| NCT00849017 | 164 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2009 | age 18 or older; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; BMI 20 to 45; diet and exercise only |
| GRADE | 386.13 | per_protocol | adjudicated severe hypoglycemia while on assigned medication;measured glucose below 54 mg/dL in 30 days before any quarterly visit | not stated | yes | not stated | hypothetical | single_blind | hypothetical | mixed | 2013 | age at diagnosis 30 or older; T2D under 10 years; HbA1c 6.8 to 8.5 percent; metformin 1000 mg/day or more |
| GetGoal-O | 24.43 | safety | severe symptomatic hypoglycemia | not stated | not stated | observed | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2013 | age 70 or older; type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on basal insulin and/or oral drugs; eGFR 30 or higher |
| NCT00135330 | 20 | full_analysis | incidence of hypoglycemia, definition not given | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2005 | age 18 to 75; BMI 25 to 40; HbA1c 6.8 to 10.0 percent; stable metformin only |
| NCT02200991 | 4.43 | safety | severe hypoglycemia needing third party assistance | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2014 | age 20 to 75; T2D 5 years or more; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0; FBG 180 mg/dL or less; stable glargine |
| NCT00097500 | 64 | other | Severe hypoglycemia, undefined | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2004 | age 30 to 75; HbA1c 6.5 to 9.5 percent; BMI 25 to 40; on metformin |
| AWARD-CHN1 | 26 | safety | severe, requiring assistance of another person | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2012 | age 18 or older; BMI 19 to 35 kg/m2; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent OAM naive or 6.5 to 10.0 percent on OAM monotherapy |
| NCT01733758 | 52 | safety | any on therapy hypoglycemic event | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2013 | Japanese adults; diet and exercise with or without one oral drug; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent after washout |
| NCT05514535 | 45 | safety | level 3 severe hypoglycemia | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2022 | adults with T2D, BMI 25 or more, HbA1c 7 to 10 percent, basal insulin up to 40 U/day plus metformin with or without SGLT2i |
| NCT03985293 | 20 | safety | TEAE preferred term hypoglycemia, not necessarily protocol defined | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2019 | age 18 to 75; HbA1c 7 to 10.5 percent; BMI 22.5 (Asia) or 24.5 to 45.4; metformin or diet and exercise |
| NCT00375492 | 24 | randomized | any hypoglycemic event, definition not given | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2006 | type 2 diabetes; weight loss trial |
| NCT04504396 | 24 | safety | severe hypoglycemia with severe cognitive impairment needing medical treatment | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2020 | age 18 to 75; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; BMI 40 or lower; eGFR 60 or higher; metformin monotherapy at least 1000 mg |
| NCT00360334 | 26 | full_analysis | severe: third party assistance with glucose below 2.8 mmol/L or prompt recovery | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2006 | BMI above 27; HbA1c 7.5 to 10.0 percent; 2 or 3 oral drugs; at least one CV risk factor |
| NCT04552470 | 12 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2020 | Japanese adults 20 to 70, diet and exercise only, HbA1c 7 to 10.5 percent, BMI 22.5 to 45.4 |
| SOLID-DKD | 18 | safety | level 3 severe hypoglycemia | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2024 | age 18 to 75; T2D with UACR 300 to below 3000 mg/g; eGFR 30 or more; HbA1c 6.5 to 10; BMI 20 to 40 |
| AWARD-CHN2 | 52 | safety | severe, requiring assistance of another person | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2012 | age 18 or older; BMI 19 to 35 kg/m2; HbA1c 7.0 to 11.0 percent on metformin and/or sulfonylurea |
| NCT02324842 | 17.38 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2014 | T2DM, HbA1c 7 to 11 percent, eGFR 60 or more, drug naive or metformin with or without SU |
| GETGOAL-X | 116 | safety | severe symptomatic needing assistance with glucose below 2.0 mmol/L or prompt recovery | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2008 | age 21 to 84; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent; metformin at least 1.5 g/day |
| NCT00299871 | 13.43 | safety | symptomatic hypoglycemia with glucose below 3.3 mmol/L or prompt recovery with carbohydrate | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2006 | age 30 to 75; HbA1c 7.0 to below 9.0 percent on metformin at least 1000 mg/day |
| LIGHT-ON | 26 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | mixed | 2014 | age 30 to 75, HbA1c 6.5 to 10 percent on metformin, NAFLD with MRI-PDFF over 10 percent, BMI 20 to 35 |
| NCT00460941 | 12 | safety | severe hypoglycemia, undefined | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2007 | age 18 to 75; HbA1c 7.0 to 9.5 percent on metformin; BMI above 25 to 45 |
| NCT00744926 | 24 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2008 | age 18 to 80; drug naive; HbA1c 6.5 to 10 percent; BMI 25 to 45 |
| SUSTAIN 8 | 57 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2017 | age 18 or older; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; eGFR 60 or higher; metformin 1500 mg or maximum tolerated |
| NCT02229227 | 26 | safety | participants whose worst on therapy event had glucose below 3.1 mmol/L | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2014 | age 18 to 75; HbA1c 7.0 to 9.5 percent at screening; BMI 40 or less; basal plus prandial insulin |
| NCT00382239 | 12 | full_analysis | Hypoglycemia preferred term, mostly mild by investigator | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2006 | age 20 to 75; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent on sulfonylurea based therapy; weight 50 kg or more |
| AGAC2 | 0.43 | randomized | severe hypoglycemia | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | non_industry | 2011 | age over 20, T2DM over 2 years, A1C 8 to 12 percent, premixed insulin twice daily over 0.6 U/kg/day |
| NCT01632163 | 24 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2012 | adults; T2D at least 1 year; HbA1c 7 to 10.5 at screening, 7 to 9.5 after run in; basal insulin at least 15 U |
| NCT00676338 | 26 | full_analysis | Major: loss of consciousness or seizure, or glucose below 3.0 mmol/L needing assistance;Minor confirmed: symptoms with glucose below 3.0 mmol/L, self treated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2008 | adults, HbA1c 7.1 to 11.0 percent, BMI 23 to 45 kg/m2, drug naive |
| NCT05086445 | 14 | safety | Hypoglycemia adverse event of special interest | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2021 | Japanese; age 20 to 70; BMI 20 to 35; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 diet only or 6.5 to 9.0 on one OAM, withdrawn 28 days |
| NCT02887625 | 78.21 | other | glucose below 60 mg/dL or symptoms relieved by glucose | not stated | not stated | observed | not stated | open_label | not stated | mixed | 2015 | age 18 to 75; HbA1c above 7.5 percent on near maximal metformin plus sulfonylurea |
| AMPLITUDE-M | 56 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2017 | type 2 diabetes on diet and exercise, HbA1c 7 to 10 percent, no glucose lowering drug in prior 3 months |
| NCT02690883 | 24 | safety | Patients declaring any hypoglycemia, definition not printed;Severe hypoglycemia, undefined, leading to discontinuation | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2016 | age 18 or older; eGFR 30 or more; UAER above 0.3 g/24 h |
| GETGOAL-M | 76.43 | safety | severe symptomatic hypoglycemia needing assistance of another person, glucose below 2.0 mmol/L or prompt recovery | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2008 | type 2 diabetes on metformin 1.5 g/day or more for 3 months; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent; FPG 13.9 mmol/L or less |
| NCT01455441 | 16 | completers | Zero implied by no hypoglycemia episodes of any kind | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2011 | age over 18; HbA1c 7 to 11 percent; BMI over 25; diet or metformin; sedentary |
| NCT04466904 | 20 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2020 | age 18 to 75; T2D on diet and exercise or stable metformin; HbA1c 7.5 to 11.0 percent; BMI 20 to 35 |
| GETGOAL-MONO | 12.43 | safety | symptomatic hypoglycemia with plasma glucose below 3.3 mmol/L or prompt recovery with carbohydrate | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2008 | age 20 to 85; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; no glucose lowering drug for 3 months |
| S002885 | 12 | other | symptomatic mild hypoglycemia, no glucose threshold printed | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | non_industry | 2019 | age 20 to 75; HbA1c 7.0 or more on metformin and glimepiride; eGFR 30 or more |
| S002946 | 26 | randomized | Zero implied by no hypoglycemia of any kind | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | not_reported | 2020 | age over 20; T2D on liraglutide 0.6 or 0.9 mg; no new diabetes drug for 3 months |
| S002969 | 52.14 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2018 | age 18 to 70; BMI 30 to 50; HbA1c 48 to below 97 mmol/mol; T2DM under 10 years; undergoing LAGB |
| S002991 | 13.04 | other | hypoglycemia adverse reaction, undefined | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not_reported | not stated | non_industry | 2023 | age 65 or older; newly diagnosed T2D; UACR 30 to 300 mg/g; eGFR 60 to 90 |
| S002992 | 26 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | adults 18 or older; HbA1c 7.5 to 10 percent; BMI 20 to less than 40; basal insulin 20 to 50 U plus metformin with or without SGLT2i | |
| S003023 | 0.43 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | single_blind | not stated | non_industry | age 20 to 80, T2D not on insulin, elective CABG or valve surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass | |
| S003030 | 52 | full_analysis | severe hypoglycemia, undefined | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | industry | 2015 | age 20 to 75; HbA1c 7.5 to 11 percent; two or more oral agents for 3 months |
| S003047 | 6.57 | safety | Symptomatic hypoglycemia with glucose below 60 mg/dL or symptoms without measurement | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | not stated | industry | 2006 | age 20 to 75; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; BMI 35 or less; sulfonylurea with or without metformin |
| S003050 | 12 | safety | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not_reported | not stated | non_industry | 2020 | age 18 to 65; diabetes 2 years or less, no ASCVD; HbA1c 7.0 to 7.5 percent; BMI 18.5 to 30; metformin 1000 mg |
| S003071 | 24 | randomized | hypoglycemia requiring third party assistance | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | non_industry | 2010 | age 18 to under 80; HbA1c 6.9 to 9.4 percent NGSP; BMI 35 or less; on sulfonylurea |
| S003072 | 14 | completers | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | mixed | 2011 | age 20 to 80; HbA1c above 6.9 percent on sitagliptin 50 mg for 3 months or more |
| S003090 | 1 | modified_itt | patients with any glucose below 70 mg/dL | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | not_reported | age over 18; type 2 diabetes over 3 months; noncritical inpatients; prior insulin under 10 units/day | |
| S003094 | 12 | completers | Severe hypoglycemia requiring third party assistance | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | non_industry | 2011 | HbA1c 7.5 to 11%; BMI 25 or more; waist 90 cm men, 85 cm women; insulin 10 U/day or more for 3 months |
| S003100 | 13.04 | completers | hypoglycemia, definition not given | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | non_industry | 2019 | age 18 to 75; T2D; OSA with AHI above 15 on CPAP; no DPP4i or GLP-1 RA |
| S003108 | 24 | randomized | Any hypoglycemia, including mild symptomatic | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | single_blind | not stated | non_industry | 2012 | T2D with coronary artery disease; no severe heart failure; creatinine up to 150 umol/L |
| S003426 | 24 | safety | mild hypoglycemia, undefined | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not stated | non_industry | adults with type 2 diabetes; HbA1c 6.5 to 8.0 percent; BMI 30 to 35; stable metformin and empagliflozin | |
| S003427 | 52.14 | other | hypoglycemia adverse reaction, undefined | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not_reported | not stated | non_industry | 2019 | adults with type 2 diabetes, stable treatment, measurable CIMT; no prior CVD events |
| S003442 | 24 | other | Hypoglycemia, not defined | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not_reported | not stated | non_industry | 2019 | Women with T2D by ADA criteria; no weight loss drugs within 24 weeks |
Trial data
| Trial | Arm | Treatment | Week | Data | Value | SE | Events / N | Flags | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT00754988 | A2+A3 | TASP_SC | 156 | arm, events | 36 / 388 | arms_combined | R0022521:Table 2 | ||
| NCT00754988 | A4 | SITAGLIPTIN | 156 | arm, events | 18 / 185 | R0022521:Table 2 | |||
| NCT02325960 | A1 | EXEN_SC | 16 | arm, events | 0 / 22 | R0024438:Results | |||
| NCT02325960 | A2 | INS_GLARGINE | 16 | arm, events | 0 / 23 | R0024438:Results | |||
| NCT01296412 | A1 | SITAGLIPTIN | 26 | arm, events | 39 / 326 | R0026295:Table 3 | |||
| NCT01296412 | A2 | LIRA_SC | 26 | arm, events | 13 / 327 | R0026295:Table 3 | |||
| REWIND | A1 | PLACEBO | 365.26 | arm, events | 354 / 4,952 | nonserious_only | registry:adverse_events | ||
| REWIND | A2 | DULA_SC | 365.26 | arm, events | 413 / 4,949 | nonserious_only | registry:adverse_events | ||
| STEP HFpEF DM | A1 | SEMA_SC | 57 | arm, events | 30 / 310 | R0018972:Table 4 | |||
| STEP HFpEF DM | A2 | PLACEBO | 57 | arm, events | 21 / 306 | R0018972:Table 4 | |||
| PB119 | A1 | VISEPE_SC | 24 | arm, events | 6 / 137 | R0011471:Table 4 | |||
| PB119 | A2 | PLACEBO | 24 | arm, events | 1 / 136 | R0011471:Table 4 | |||
| NCT01001104 | A1 | PLACEBO | 12 | arm, events | 0 / 37 | R0015000:Table 3 | |||
| NCT01001104 | A2+A3+A4 | DULA_SC | 12 | arm, events | 3 / 108 | arms_combined | R0015000:Table 3 | ||
| PIONEER 10 | A1+A2+A3 | SEMA_PO | 57 | arm, events | 67 / 393 | arms_combined | R0018421:Table 3 | ||
| PIONEER 10 | A4 | DULA_SC | 57 | arm, events | 13 / 65 | R0018421:Table 3 | |||
| NCT02846233 | A1 | DULA_SC | 16 | arm, events | 0 / 12 | R0028441:Table 5 | |||
| NCT02846233 | A2 | OTHER_ACTIVE_basal_bolus_insulin | 16 | arm, events | 1 / 10 | R0028441:Table 5 | |||
| AWARD-7 | A1 | INS_GLARGINE | 52 | arm, events | 16 / 194 | R0017387:Table 2 | |||
| AWARD-7 | A2+A3 | DULA_SC | 52 | arm, events | 12 / 383 | arms_combined | R0017387:Table 2 | ||
| NCT00717457 | A1+A2 | TASP_SC | 104 | arm, events | 119 / 797 | arms_combined | R0013639:Table 2 | ||
| NCT00717457 | A3 | EXEN_SC | 104 | arm, events | 79 / 392 | R0013639:Table 2 | |||
| NCT00516074 | A1 | EXEN_SC | 12 | arm, events | 2 / 28 | count_from_percent | R0019195:Results | ||
| NCT00516074 | A2 | PLACEBO | 12 | arm, events | 1 / 26 | count_from_percent | R0019195:Results | ||
| NCT00082407 | A1 | EXEN_SC | 52 | arm, events | 134 / 255 | count_from_percent | registry:outcomes | ||
| NCT00082407 | A2 | INS_PREMIX | 52 | arm, events | 128 / 250 | count_from_percent | registry:outcomes | ||
| GETGOAL-L-ASIA | A1 | LIXI_SC | 24 | arm, events | 66 / 154 | R0022626:Table 2 | |||
| GETGOAL-L-ASIA | A2 | PLACEBO | 24 | arm, events | 37 / 157 | R0022626:Table 2 | |||
| GETGOAL-S | A1 | PLACEBO | 120 | arm, events | 51 / 286 | registry:outcomes | |||
| GETGOAL-S | A2 | LIXI_SC | 120 | arm, events | 127 / 573 | registry:outcomes | |||
| NCT01175473 | A1 | LIXI_SC | 4.43 | arm, events | 0 / 77 | R0022723:Table 3 | |||
| NCT01175473 | A2 | LIRA_SC | 4.43 | arm, events | 0 / 71 | R0022723:Table 3 | |||
| NCT03829891 | A1 | BEIN_SC | 16 | arm, events | 5 / 35 | R0007581:Results | |||
| NCT03829891 | A2 | INS_GLARGINE | 16 | arm, events | 9 / 33 | R0007581:Results | |||
| PREVAIL | A1 | STANDARD_CARE | 20 | arm, events | 15 / 33 | R0010144:Table 3 | |||
| PREVAIL | A2 | INS_LISPRO | 20 | arm, events | 12 / 35 | R0010144:Table 3 | |||
| PREVAIL | A3 | EXEN_SC | 20 | arm, events | 6 / 35 | R0010144:Table 3 | |||
| NCT00577824 | A1 | PLACEBO | 24 | arm, events | 8 / 36 | R0018881:Table 2 | |||
| NCT00577824 | A2+A3 | EXEN_SC | 24 | arm, events | 79 / 145 | arms_combined | R0018881:Table 2 | ||
| GetGoal-Duo1 | A1 | PLACEBO | 24.43 | arm, events | 30 / 223 | registry:outcomes | |||
| GetGoal-Duo1 | A2 | LIXI_SC | 24.43 | arm, events | 50 / 223 | registry:outcomes | |||
| NCT01558271 | A1 | DULA_SC | 52 | arm, events | 8 / 281 | R0011754:Results | |||
| NCT01558271 | A2 | LIRA_SC | 52 | arm, events | 4 / 141 | R0011754:Results | |||
| NCT00849017 | A1 | PLACEBO | 164 | arm, events | 8 / 105 | nonserious_only | registry:adverse_events | ||
| NCT00849017 | A2+A3 | ALBI_SC | 164 | arm, events | 15 / 204 | nonserious_only;arms_combined | registry:adverse_events | ||
| GRADE | A1 | INS_GLARGINE | 386.13 | arm, events | 659 / 1,263 | R0020895:Table 2 | |||
| GRADE | A2 | GLIMEPIRIDE | 386.13 | arm, events | 833 / 1,254 | R0020895:Table 2 | |||
| GRADE | A3 | LIRA_SC | 386.13 | arm, events | 375 / 1,262 | R0020895:Table 2 | |||
| GRADE | A4 | SITAGLIPTIN | 386.13 | arm, events | 361 / 1,268 | R0020895:Table 2 | |||
| GetGoal-O | A1 | LIXI_SC | 24.43 | arm, events | 13 / 176 | count_from_percent | registry:outcomes | ||
| GetGoal-O | A2 | PLACEBO | 24.43 | arm, events | 10 / 174 | count_from_percent | registry:outcomes | ||
| NCT00135330 | A1 | EXEN_SC | 20 | arm, events | 8 / 45 | registry:outcomes | |||
| NCT00135330 | A2 | EXENROSI_SC | 20 | arm, events | 9 / 47 | registry:outcomes | |||
| NCT00135330 | A3 | ROSIGLITAZONE | 20 | arm, events | 6 / 45 | registry:outcomes | |||
| NCT02200991 | A1 | LIXI_SC | 4.43 | arm, events | 11 / 69 | R0024589:Table 3 | |||
| NCT02200991 | A2 | SITAGLIPTIN | 4.43 | arm, events | 1 / 67 | R0024589:Table 3 | |||
| NCT00097500 | A1 | EXEN_SC | 64 | arm, events | 3 / 36 | count_from_percent | R0027264:Results | ||
| NCT00097500 | A2 | INS_GLARGINE | 64 | arm, events | 8 / 33 | count_from_percent | R0027264:Results | ||
| AWARD-CHN1 | A1+A2 | DULA_SC | 26 | arm, events | 23 / 492 | arms_combined | R0014229:Table 2 | ||
| AWARD-CHN1 | A3 | GLIMEPIRIDE | 26 | arm, events | 38 / 245 | R0014229:Table 2 | |||
| NCT01733758 | A2+A3 | ALBI_SC | 52 | arm, events | 14 / 310 | printed_denominator;arms_combined | R0010997:Results | ||
| NCT01733758 | A4 | LIRA_SC | 52 | arm, events | 3 / 103 | printed_denominator | R0010997:Results | ||
| NCT05514535 | A1 | SEMA_SC | 45 | arm, events | 14 / 288 | R0015842:Table 2 | |||
| NCT05514535 | A2 | INS_GLARGINE | 45 | arm, events | 21 / 285 | R0015842:Table 2 | |||
| NCT03985293 | A1 | PLACEBO | 20 | arm, events | 0 / 66 | R0006095:Table 3 | |||
| NCT03985293 | A2+A3+A4+A5+A6 | DANU_PO | 20 | arm, events | 15 / 346 | arms_combined | R0006095:Table 3 | ||
| NCT00375492 | A1 | EXEN_SC | 24 | arm, events | 33 / 96 | registry:outcomes | |||
| NCT00375492 | A2 | PLACEBO | 24 | arm, events | 30 / 98 | registry:outcomes | |||
| NCT04504396 | A1 | VISEPE_SC | 24 | arm, events | 8 / 310 | R0009432:Table 3 | |||
| NCT04504396 | A2 | PLACEBO | 24 | arm, events | 10 / 310 | R0009432:Table 3 | |||
| NCT00360334 | A1 | EXEN_SC | 26 | arm, events | 37 / 118 | R0024925:Table 3 | |||
| NCT00360334 | A2 | INS_GLARGINE | 26 | arm, events | 68 / 117 | R0024925:Table 3 | |||
| NCT04552470 | A1 | PLACEBO | 12 | arm, events | 0 / 9 | R0004540:Results | |||
| NCT04552470 | A2+A3+A4 | DANU_PO | 12 | arm, events | 1 / 28 | arms_combined | R0004540:Results | ||
| SOLID-DKD | A1+A2 | HRS7535_PO | 18 | arm, events | 10 / 187 | arms_combined | R0004355:Table 2 | ||
| SOLID-DKD | A3 | PLACEBO | 18 | arm, events | 2 / 94 | R0004355:Table 2 | |||
| AWARD-CHN2 | A1+A2 | DULA_SC | 52 | arm, events | 109 / 515 | arms_combined | R0023722:Table 2 | ||
| AWARD-CHN2 | A3 | INS_GLARGINE | 52 | arm, events | 88 / 259 | R0023722:Table 2 | |||
| NCT02324842 | A1 | CANAGLIFLOZIN | 17.38 | arm, events | 0 / 15 | nonserious_only | registry:adverse_events | ||
| NCT02324842 | A2 | LIRA_SC | 17.38 | arm, events | 3 / 15 | nonserious_only | registry:adverse_events | ||
| NCT02324842 | A3 | CANALIRA_SC | 17.38 | arm, events | 3 / 15 | nonserious_only | registry:adverse_events | ||
| GETGOAL-X | A1 | LIXI_SC | 116 | arm, events | 16 / 320 | registry:outcomes | |||
| GETGOAL-X | A2 | EXEN_SC | 116 | arm, events | 46 / 319 | registry:outcomes | |||
| NCT00299871 | A1 | PLACEBO | 13.43 | arm, events | 1 / 109 | R0021613:Table 3 | |||
| NCT00299871 | A2+A3+A4+A5+A6+A7+A8+A9 | LIXI_SC | 13.43 | arm, events | 13 / 433 | arms_combined | R0021613:Table 3 | ||
| LIGHT-ON | A1 | LIRA_SC | 26 | arm, events | 0 / 24 | R0024860:Table 5 | |||
| LIGHT-ON | A2 | SITAGLIPTIN | 26 | arm, events | 1 / 27 | R0024860:Table 5 | |||
| LIGHT-ON | A3 | INS_GLARGINE | 26 | arm, events | 2 / 24 | R0024860:Table 5 | |||
| NCT00460941 | A1 | PLACEBO | 12 | arm, events | 1 / 32 | printed_denominator | R0021258:Results | ||
| NCT00460941 | A2+A3+A4 | TASP_SC | 12 | arm, events | 6 / 97 | printed_denominator;arms_combined | R0021258:Results | ||
| NCT00744926 | A1 | PLACEBO | 24 | arm, events | 1 / 123 | printed_denominator | R0025346:Table 1 | ||
| NCT00744926 | A2+A3 | TASP_SC | 24 | arm, events | 11 / 245 | printed_denominator;arms_combined | R0025346:Table 1 | ||
| SUSTAIN 8 | A1 | SEMA_SC | 57 | arm, events | 6 / 394 | registry:outcomes | |||
| SUSTAIN 8 | A2 | CANAGLIFLOZIN | 57 | arm, events | 5 / 394 | registry:outcomes | |||
| NCT02229227 | A1 | ALBI_SC | 26 | arm, events | 230 / 402 | R0008089:Table 3 | |||
| NCT02229227 | A2 | INS_LISPRO | 26 | arm, events | 309 / 412 | R0008089:Table 3 | |||
| NCT00382239 | A1 | PLACEBO | 12 | arm, events | 4 / 40 | R0027621:Table 3 | |||
| NCT00382239 | A2+A3+A4 | EXEN_SC | 12 | arm, events | 46 / 113 | arms_combined | R0027621:Table 3 | ||
| AGAC2 | A1 | PLACEBO | 0.43 | arm, events | 9 / 21 | R0020827:Supplementary Table 2 | |||
| AGAC2 | A2 | EXEN_SC | 0.43 | arm, events | 12 / 30 | R0020827:Supplementary Table 2 | |||
| NCT01632163 | A1 | LIXI_SC | 24 | arm, events | 35 / 224 | R0014725:Results | |||
| NCT01632163 | A2 | PLACEBO | 24 | arm, events | 30 / 224 | R0014725:Results | |||
| NCT00676338 | A1 | EXENER_SC | 26 | arm, events | 13 / 248 | R0027761:Results | |||
| NCT00676338 | A2 | METFORMIN | 26 | arm, events | 10 / 246 | R0027761:Results | |||
| NCT00676338 | A3 | PIOGLITAZONE | 26 | arm, events | 6 / 163 | R0027761:Results | |||
| NCT00676338 | A4 | SITAGLIPTIN | 26 | arm, events | 5 / 163 | R0027761:Results | |||
| NCT05086445 | A1 | PLACEBO | 14 | arm, events | 0 / 11 | R0003844:Table 2 | |||
| NCT05086445 | A2+A3+A4 | ORFO_PO | 14 | arm, events | 1 / 49 | arms_combined | R0003844:Table 2 | ||
| NCT02887625 | A1 | EXENER_SC | 78.21 | arm, events | 81 / 129 | count_from_percent | R0026120:Results | ||
| NCT02887625 | A2 | OTHER_ACTIVE_basal_bolus_insulin | 78.21 | arm, events | 98 / 122 | count_from_percent | R0026120:Results | ||
| AMPLITUDE-M | A1+A2+A3 | EFPE_SC | 56 | arm, events | 2 / 304 | arms_combined | R0007136:Table 2 | ||
| AMPLITUDE-M | A4 | PLACEBO | 56 | arm, events | 0 / 102 | R0007136:Table 2 | |||
| NCT02690883 | A1 | INS_LISPRO | 24 | arm, events | 20 / 46 | R0011086:Results | |||
| NCT02690883 | A2 | EXEN_SC | 24 | arm, events | 10 / 46 | R0011086:Results | |||
| GETGOAL-M | A1+A2 | LIXI_SC | 76.43 | arm, events | 40 / 510 | arms_combined | registry:outcomes | ||
| GETGOAL-M | A3 | PLACEBO | 76.43 | arm, events | 4 / 170 | printed_denominator | registry:outcomes | ||
| NCT01455441 | A1 | LIRA_SC | 16 | arm, events | 0 / 18 | R0010221:Results | |||
| NCT01455441 | A2 | PLACEBO | 16 | arm, events | 0 / 16 | R0010221:Results | |||
| NCT04466904 | A1+A2+A3 | MAZD_SC | 20 | arm, events | 2 / 24 | arms_combined | R0009340:Table 2 | ||
| NCT04466904 | A4 | DULA_SC | 20 | arm, events | 0 / 6 | printed_denominator | R0009340:Table 2 | ||
| NCT04466904 | A5 | PLACEBO | 20 | arm, events | 0 / 12 | printed_denominator | R0009340:Table 2 | ||
| GETGOAL-MONO | A1 | PLACEBO | 12.43 | arm, events | 2 / 122 | printed_denominator | R0022843:Table 2 | ||
| GETGOAL-MONO | A2+A3 | LIXI_SC | 12.43 | arm, events | 4 / 239 | arms_combined | R0022843:Table 2 | ||
| S002885 | A1 | DULA_SC | 12 | arm, events | 1 / 13 | R0003420:Results | |||
| S002885 | A2 | EMPAGLIFLOZIN | 12 | arm, events | 2 / 12 | R0003420:Results | |||
| S002946 | A1 | SEMA_SC | 26 | arm, events | 0 / 16 | R0006360:Supplement Table S2 | |||
| S002946 | A2 | DULA_SC | 26 | arm, events | 0 / 16 | R0006360:Supplement Table S2 | |||
| S002969 | A1 | LIRA_SC | 52.14 | arm, events | 0 / 13 | R0010852:Supplementary Clinical Sequelae 1 | |||
| S002969 | A2 | PLACEBO | 52.14 | arm, events | 1 / 14 | R0010852:Supplementary Clinical Sequelae 1 | |||
| S002991 | A1 | SEMA_SC | 13.04 | arm, events | 2 / 110 | R0009861:Results | |||
| S002991 | A2 | INS_ASPART | 13.04 | arm, events | 5 / 110 | R0009861:Results | |||
| S002992 | A1 | IGLARLIXI_SC | 26 | arm, events | 114 / 443 | R0019745:Figure 1 | |||
| S002992 | A2 | INS_PREMIX | 26 | arm, events | 170 / 444 | R0019745:Figure 1 | |||
| S003023 | A1 | LIRA_SC | 0.43 | arm, events | 0 / 32 | printed_denominator | R0017408:Results | ||
| S003023 | A2 | STANDARD_CARE | 0.43 | arm, events | 0 / 28 | printed_denominator | R0017408:Results | ||
| S003030 | A1 | EXEN_SC | 52 | arm, events | 1 / 33 | R0018574:Results | |||
| S003030 | A2 | INS_PREMIX | 52 | arm, events | 5 / 33 | R0018574:Results | |||
| S003047 | A1+A2 | LIXI_SC | 6.57 | arm, events | 17 / 80 | printed_denominator;arms_combined | R0016337:Table 3 | ||
| S003047 | A3 | PLACEBO | 6.57 | arm, events | 3 / 40 | printed_denominator | R0016337:Table 3 | ||
| S003050 | A1 | METFORMIN | 12 | arm, events | 0 / 30 | R0021314:Results | |||
| S003050 | A2 | DULA_SC | 12 | arm, events | 0 / 30 | R0021314:Results | |||
| S003071 | A1 | LIRA_SC | 24 | arm, events | 9 / 50 | R0023696:Results | |||
| S003071 | A2 | SITAGLIPTIN | 24 | arm, events | 5 / 49 | R0023696:Results | |||
| S003072 | A1 | VILDAGLIPTIN | 14 | arm, events | 0 / 62 | R0023470:Results | |||
| S003072 | A2 | LIRA_SC | 14 | arm, events | 0 / 60 | R0023470:Results | |||
| S003090 | A1 | STANDARD_CARE | 1 | arm, events | 1 / 27 | printed_denominator | R0025350:Table 3 | ||
| S003090 | A2 | DULA_SC | 1 | arm, events | 0 / 27 | printed_denominator | R0025350:Table 3 | ||
| S003094 | A1 | LIRA_SC | 12 | arm, events | 5 / 42 | count_from_percent | R0026794:Results | ||
| S003094 | A2 | OTHER_ACTIVE_insulin_dose_increase | 12 | arm, events | 13 / 42 | count_from_percent | R0026794:Results | ||
| S003100 | A1 | LIRA_SC | 13.04 | arm, events | 2 / 45 | R0021058:Table 5 | |||
| S003100 | A2 | STANDARD_CARE | 13.04 | arm, events | 1 / 45 | R0021058:Table 5 | |||
| S003108 | A1+A3 | LIRA_SC | 24 | arm, events | 5 / 60 | arms_combined | R0025278:Table 4 | ||
| S003108 | A2 | METFORMIN | 24 | arm, events | 1 / 30 | R0025278:Table 4 | |||
| S003108 | A4 | LIRAMETF_SC | 24 | arm, events | 3 / 30 | R0025278:Table 4 | |||
| S003426 | A1 | SEMA_SC | 24 | arm, events | 1 / 38 | R0040396:Table 3 | |||
| S003426 | A2 | TIRZ_SC | 24 | arm, events | 2 / 41 | R0040396:Table 3 | |||
| S003427 | A1 | LIRA_SC | 52.14 | arm, events | 3 / 74 | R0044046:Table IV | |||
| S003427 | A2 | SEMA_SC | 52.14 | arm, events | 3 / 74 | R0044046:Table IV | |||
| S003442 | A1 | DULA_SC | 24 | arm, events | 1 / 48 | printed_denominator | R0016372:Table 4 | ||
| S003442 | A2 | LIRA_SC | 24 | arm, events | 2 / 48 | printed_denominator | R0016372:Table 4 |
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