Network meta-analysis
HbA1c change
Type 2 diabetes (adults); background therapy: no glucose lowering drug (lifestyle only)
weeks 20 to 36 (target week 26)Not stated by the trialsDoses of a drug pooledMean difference
14
Randomized trials
17
Treatments
4,160
Participants
35
Trial arms
In plain language
Across 14 trials with 4,160 participants, 5 of 16 treatments had a clearly better result than placebo on HbA1c change, and for 11 the evidence could not tell them apart from placebo. The most favorable estimate was for Dulaglutide injection: mean difference -1.58 percentage points (95% credible interval -2.20 to -0.68).
Lower values favor the treatment. "Clearly" means the 95% credible interval excludes no difference. These are averages across trials; they do not say how any one person will respond. Not medical advice.
Network of trials
Each circle is a treatment; each line joins treatments that were randomized against each other in at least one trial.
Effects compared with Placebo
Mean difference in percentage points. Lower values favor the treatment.
| Treatment | Bayesian MD (95% CrI) | 95% prediction interval | Frequentist MD (95% CI) | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dulaglutide injection DULA_SC | -1.58 (-2.20 to -0.68) | -2.67 to -0.22 | -1.84 (-2.39 to -1.30) | Better |
| Semaglutide injection SEMA_SC | -1.47 (-2.39 to -0.47) | -2.78 to -0.13 | -1.52 (-2.19 to -0.84) | Better |
| Ecnoglutide injection ECNO_SC | -1.45 (-2.41 to -0.42) | -2.80 to -0.01 | -1.48 (-2.21 to -0.76) | Better |
| Albiglutide injection ALBI_SC | -1.24 (-2.02 to -0.24) | -2.43 to 0.17 | -1.40 (-2.01 to -0.79) | Better |
| Liraglutide injection LIRA_SC | -1.08 (-1.60 to -0.27) | -2.08 to 0.24 | -1.34 (-1.80 to -0.88) | Better |
| Liraglutide and metformin injection LIRAMETF_SC | -1.03 (-1.96 to 0.27) | -2.30 to 0.63 | -1.37 (-2.17 to -0.57) | Unclear |
| Glimepiride GLIMEPIRIDE | -1.01 (-1.85 to 0.20) | -2.18 to 0.64 | -1.35 (-2.10 to -0.61) | Unclear |
| Pioglitazone PIOGLITAZONE | -0.88 (-1.82 to 0.44) | -2.15 to 0.86 | -1.26 (-2.12 to -0.41) | Unclear |
| NPH insulin INS_NPH | -0.79 (-2.13 to 1.00) | -2.42 to 1.30 | -1.30 (-2.57 to -0.02) | Unclear |
| Exenatide extended release injection EXENER_SC | -0.78 (-1.73 to 0.57) | -2.07 to 0.90 | -1.16 (-2.02 to -0.31) | Unclear |
| Metformin METFORMIN | -0.75 (-1.42 to 0.30) | -1.83 to 0.76 | -1.09 (-1.70 to -0.49) | Unclear |
| Efpe sc EFPE_SC | -0.62 (-2.81 to 1.54) | -2.99 to 1.71 | -0.77 (-3.21 to 1.67) | Unclear |
| Exenatide injection EXEN_SC | -0.58 (-1.59 to 0.88) | -1.92 to 1.18 | -1.02 (-1.95 to -0.09) | Unclear |
| Glibenclamide GLIBENCLAMIDE | -0.52 (-1.51 to 0.79) | -1.83 to 1.17 | -0.83 (-1.65 to -0.01) | Unclear |
| Sitagliptin SITAGLIPTIN | -0.43 (-1.26 to 0.82) | -1.61 to 1.17 | -0.81 (-1.58 to -0.04) | Unclear |
| Gliclazide GLICLAZIDE | -0.39 (-1.29 to 0.91) | -1.65 to 1.24 | -0.71 (-1.54 to 0.12) | Unclear |
Ranking
How likely each treatment is to be among the best. Rankings ignore the size of differences and their certainty, so read them with the effects above.
League table
Every treatment against every other: mean difference of the row treatment versus the column treatment, posterior median and 95% credible interval. Green: row clearly better; red: row clearly worse.
| Row versus column | PLACEBO | DULA_SC | SEMA_SC | ECNO_SC | ALBI_SC | LIRA_SC | LIRAMETF_SC | GLIMEPIRIDE | PIOGLITAZONE | INS_NPH | EXENER_SC | METFORMIN | EFPE_SC | EXEN_SC | GLIBENCLAMIDE | SITAGLIPTIN | GLICLAZIDE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLACEBO | PLACEBO | 1.58 0.68 to 2.20 | 1.47 0.47 to 2.39 | 1.45 0.42 to 2.41 | 1.24 0.24 to 2.02 | 1.08 0.27 to 1.60 | 1.03 -0.27 to 1.96 | 1.01 -0.20 to 1.85 | 0.88 -0.44 to 1.82 | 0.79 -1.00 to 2.13 | 0.78 -0.57 to 1.73 | 0.75 -0.30 to 1.42 | 0.62 -1.54 to 2.81 | 0.58 -0.88 to 1.59 | 0.52 -0.79 to 1.51 | 0.43 -0.82 to 1.26 | 0.39 -0.91 to 1.29 |
| DULA_SC | -1.58 -2.20 to -0.68 | DULA_SC | -0.11 -1.20 to 1.23 | -0.14 -1.22 to 1.25 | -0.34 -1.29 to 0.73 | -0.50 -1.15 to 0.08 | -0.54 -1.71 to 0.49 | -0.58 -1.46 to 0.21 | -0.70 -1.89 to 0.34 | -0.78 -2.35 to 0.61 | -0.80 -1.97 to 0.23 | -0.83 -1.68 to -0.11 | -0.92 -3.15 to 1.47 | -1.00 -2.22 to 0.03 | -1.05 -2.22 to 0.03 | -1.15 -2.16 to -0.27 | -1.19 -2.34 to -0.17 |
| SEMA_SC | -1.47 -2.39 to -0.47 | 0.11 -1.23 to 1.20 | SEMA_SC | -0.03 -1.37 to 1.36 | -0.23 -1.59 to 0.98 | -0.39 -1.74 to 0.61 | -0.43 -2.08 to 0.82 | -0.47 -2.03 to 0.76 | -0.58 -2.24 to 0.71 | -0.68 -2.74 to 0.94 | -0.69 -2.34 to 0.59 | -0.71 -2.18 to 0.36 | -0.84 -3.16 to 1.56 | -0.89 -2.67 to 0.48 | -0.95 -2.63 to 0.40 | -1.04 -2.60 to 0.17 | -1.07 -2.72 to 0.18 |
| ECNO_SC | -1.45 -2.41 to -0.42 | 0.14 -1.25 to 1.22 | 0.03 -1.36 to 1.37 | ECNO_SC | -0.20 -1.59 to 0.99 | -0.36 -1.69 to 0.65 | -0.41 -2.09 to 0.87 | -0.44 -1.99 to 0.75 | -0.56 -2.29 to 0.74 | -0.65 -2.71 to 0.99 | -0.65 -2.37 to 0.68 | -0.69 -2.17 to 0.40 | -0.81 -3.19 to 1.59 | -0.86 -2.59 to 0.51 | -0.92 -2.58 to 0.45 | -1.01 -2.60 to 0.19 | -1.04 -2.68 to 0.23 |
| ALBI_SC | -1.24 -2.02 to -0.24 | 0.34 -0.73 to 1.29 | 0.23 -0.98 to 1.59 | 0.20 -0.99 to 1.59 | ALBI_SC | -0.16 -1.14 to 0.62 | -0.20 -1.58 to 0.95 | -0.23 -1.55 to 0.86 | -0.35 -1.77 to 0.84 | -0.45 -2.31 to 1.10 | -0.46 -1.87 to 0.72 | -0.48 -1.67 to 0.40 | -0.60 -2.86 to 1.79 | -0.67 -2.17 to 0.57 | -0.71 -2.11 to 0.47 | -0.81 -2.18 to 0.27 | -0.84 -2.24 to 0.33 |
| LIRA_SC | -1.08 -1.60 to -0.27 | 0.50 -0.08 to 1.15 | 0.39 -0.61 to 1.74 | 0.36 -0.65 to 1.69 | 0.16 -0.62 to 1.14 | LIRA_SC | -0.04 -1.00 to 0.81 | -0.08 -1.00 to 0.81 | -0.19 -1.22 to 0.76 | -0.28 -1.82 to 1.14 | -0.30 -1.33 to 0.67 | -0.32 -0.94 to 0.18 | -0.41 -2.62 to 1.93 | -0.50 -1.66 to 0.52 | -0.55 -1.54 to 0.39 | -0.65 -1.59 to 0.18 | -0.68 -1.61 to 0.18 |
| LIRAMETF_SC | -1.03 -1.96 to 0.27 | 0.54 -0.49 to 1.71 | 0.43 -0.82 to 2.08 | 0.41 -0.87 to 2.09 | 0.20 -0.95 to 1.58 | 0.04 -0.81 to 1.00 | LIRAMETF_SC | -0.03 -1.24 to 1.19 | -0.14 -1.42 to 1.07 | -0.23 -2.01 to 1.39 | -0.26 -1.54 to 1.00 | -0.28 -1.19 to 0.59 | -0.36 -2.76 to 2.14 | -0.45 -1.85 to 0.88 | -0.51 -1.81 to 0.83 | -0.61 -1.79 to 0.59 | -0.65 -1.83 to 0.56 |
| GLIMEPIRIDE | -1.01 -1.85 to 0.20 | 0.58 -0.21 to 1.46 | 0.47 -0.76 to 2.03 | 0.44 -0.75 to 1.99 | 0.23 -0.86 to 1.55 | 0.08 -0.81 to 1.00 | 0.03 -1.19 to 1.24 | GLIMEPIRIDE | -0.12 -1.30 to 1.01 | -0.20 -1.69 to 1.15 | -0.22 -1.39 to 0.91 | -0.25 -1.22 to 0.67 | -0.35 -2.64 to 2.17 | -0.42 -1.44 to 0.52 | -0.47 -1.76 to 0.82 | -0.58 -1.46 to 0.29 | -0.61 -1.81 to 0.57 |
| PIOGLITAZONE | -0.88 -1.82 to 0.44 | 0.70 -0.34 to 1.89 | 0.58 -0.71 to 2.24 | 0.56 -0.74 to 2.29 | 0.35 -0.84 to 1.77 | 0.19 -0.76 to 1.22 | 0.14 -1.07 to 1.42 | 0.12 -1.01 to 1.30 | PIOGLITAZONE | -0.08 -1.77 to 1.48 | -0.10 -1.08 to 0.83 | -0.13 -1.05 to 0.78 | -0.23 -2.55 to 2.33 | -0.30 -1.58 to 0.95 | -0.36 -1.71 to 1.05 | -0.46 -1.37 to 0.48 | -0.50 -1.73 to 0.77 |
| INS_NPH | -0.79 -2.13 to 1.00 | 0.78 -0.61 to 2.35 | 0.68 -0.94 to 2.74 | 0.65 -0.99 to 2.71 | 0.45 -1.10 to 2.31 | 0.28 -1.14 to 1.82 | 0.23 -1.39 to 2.01 | 0.20 -1.15 to 1.69 | 0.08 -1.48 to 1.77 | INS_NPH | -0.01 -1.56 to 1.61 | -0.05 -1.48 to 1.48 | -0.15 -2.66 to 2.62 | -0.22 -1.25 to 0.88 | -0.27 -1.95 to 1.56 | -0.38 -1.71 to 1.08 | -0.41 -2.06 to 1.32 |
| EXENER_SC | -0.78 -1.73 to 0.57 | 0.80 -0.23 to 1.97 | 0.69 -0.59 to 2.34 | 0.65 -0.68 to 2.37 | 0.46 -0.72 to 1.87 | 0.30 -0.67 to 1.33 | 0.26 -1.00 to 1.54 | 0.22 -0.91 to 1.39 | 0.10 -0.83 to 1.08 | 0.01 -1.61 to 1.56 | EXENER_SC | -0.03 -0.95 to 0.88 | -0.13 -2.50 to 2.43 | -0.19 -1.52 to 1.06 | -0.26 -1.59 to 1.15 | -0.35 -1.29 to 0.57 | -0.40 -1.62 to 0.92 |
| METFORMIN | -0.75 -1.42 to 0.30 | 0.83 0.11 to 1.68 | 0.71 -0.36 to 2.18 | 0.69 -0.40 to 2.17 | 0.48 -0.40 to 1.67 | 0.32 -0.18 to 0.94 | 0.28 -0.59 to 1.19 | 0.25 -0.67 to 1.22 | 0.13 -0.78 to 1.05 | 0.05 -1.48 to 1.48 | 0.03 -0.88 to 0.95 | METFORMIN | -0.08 -2.35 to 2.34 | -0.17 -1.32 to 0.90 | -0.23 -1.31 to 0.90 | -0.33 -1.15 to 0.53 | -0.37 -1.25 to 0.57 |
| EFPE_SC | -0.62 -2.81 to 1.54 | 0.92 -1.47 to 3.15 | 0.84 -1.56 to 3.16 | 0.81 -1.59 to 3.19 | 0.60 -1.79 to 2.86 | 0.41 -1.93 to 2.62 | 0.36 -2.14 to 2.76 | 0.35 -2.17 to 2.64 | 0.23 -2.33 to 2.55 | 0.15 -2.62 to 2.66 | 0.13 -2.43 to 2.50 | 0.08 -2.34 to 2.35 | EFPE_SC | -0.09 -2.65 to 2.31 | -0.13 -2.70 to 2.30 | -0.24 -2.74 to 2.08 | -0.28 -2.75 to 2.05 |
| EXEN_SC | -0.58 -1.59 to 0.88 | 1.00 -0.03 to 2.22 | 0.89 -0.48 to 2.67 | 0.86 -0.51 to 2.59 | 0.67 -0.57 to 2.17 | 0.50 -0.52 to 1.66 | 0.45 -0.88 to 1.85 | 0.42 -0.52 to 1.44 | 0.30 -0.95 to 1.58 | 0.22 -0.88 to 1.25 | 0.19 -1.06 to 1.52 | 0.17 -0.90 to 1.32 | 0.09 -2.31 to 2.65 | EXEN_SC | -0.06 -1.47 to 1.41 | -0.16 -1.08 to 0.84 | -0.18 -1.57 to 1.22 |
| GLIBENCLAMIDE | -0.52 -1.51 to 0.79 | 1.05 -0.03 to 2.22 | 0.95 -0.40 to 2.63 | 0.92 -0.45 to 2.58 | 0.71 -0.47 to 2.11 | 0.55 -0.39 to 1.54 | 0.51 -0.83 to 1.81 | 0.47 -0.82 to 1.76 | 0.36 -1.05 to 1.71 | 0.27 -1.56 to 1.95 | 0.26 -1.15 to 1.59 | 0.23 -0.90 to 1.31 | 0.13 -2.30 to 2.70 | 0.06 -1.41 to 1.47 | GLIBENCLAMIDE | -0.10 -1.42 to 1.17 | -0.14 -1.48 to 1.18 |
| SITAGLIPTIN | -0.43 -1.26 to 0.82 | 1.15 0.27 to 2.16 | 1.04 -0.17 to 2.60 | 1.01 -0.19 to 2.60 | 0.81 -0.27 to 2.18 | 0.65 -0.18 to 1.59 | 0.61 -0.59 to 1.79 | 0.58 -0.29 to 1.46 | 0.46 -0.48 to 1.37 | 0.38 -1.08 to 1.71 | 0.35 -0.57 to 1.29 | 0.33 -0.53 to 1.15 | 0.24 -2.08 to 2.74 | 0.16 -0.84 to 1.08 | 0.10 -1.17 to 1.42 | SITAGLIPTIN | -0.03 -1.19 to 1.14 |
| GLICLAZIDE | -0.39 -1.29 to 0.91 | 1.19 0.17 to 2.34 | 1.07 -0.18 to 2.72 | 1.04 -0.23 to 2.68 | 0.84 -0.33 to 2.24 | 0.68 -0.18 to 1.61 | 0.65 -0.56 to 1.83 | 0.61 -0.57 to 1.81 | 0.50 -0.77 to 1.73 | 0.41 -1.32 to 2.06 | 0.40 -0.92 to 1.62 | 0.37 -0.57 to 1.25 | 0.28 -2.05 to 2.75 | 0.18 -1.22 to 1.57 | 0.14 -1.18 to 1.48 | 0.03 -1.14 to 1.19 | GLICLAZIDE |
Heterogeneity, fit and convergence
Bayesian random effects (primary)
Frequentist check (netmeta)
Inconsistency
Do trials comparing two treatments directly agree with the indirect evidence through other treatments?
No comparison here has both direct and indirect evidence, so inconsistency cannot be checked by node splitting; the between designs Q above is the global check.
Small study effects
A comparison adjusted funnel plot: each point is one trial comparison, centered on its own network estimate. Asymmetry can signal that small trials with unfavorable results are missing.
Fewer than ten trial comparisons, too few to judge funnel plot asymmetry.
Baseline characteristics of the trials
The baseline value of each effect modifier or prognostic factor that applies here, per trial: mean or percent over arms, weighted by the number randomized. A note under a value names a stand in (a median for a mean, 100 minus the male share, Asian subgroup rows, an all Asian site list); "not reported" means no source of the trial prints it.
| Trial | Baseline HbA1c (percent) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 14 of 14 | Background glucose lowering therapy (stratum S0 to S4) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 14 of 14 | Diabetes duration (years) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 11 of 14 | Asian ancestry or region (percent Asian) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 9 of 14 | Age (years) prognostic factor; 14 of 14 | Treatment duration (weeks) effect modifier; 14 of 14 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03068065 S000048 | 9.12 | S0 | not reported | 100 region: all sites in Asia | 47.12 | 24 |
| NCT00775684 S000051 | 6.54 | S0 | 3.89 | not reported | 55.19 | 26.07 |
| NCT00393718 S000330 | 9.27 | S0 | 8.24 | 100 region: all sites in Asia | 58.3 | 52 |
| NCT03010683 S000389 | 8.5 | S0 | not reported | not reported | 50.5 | 26.07 |
| NCT01558271 S000837 | 8.14 | S0 | 6.59 | 98.98 | 57.47 | 52 |
| SUSTAIN™1 S000878 | 8.05 | S0 | 4.2 | 21.4 | 53.73 | 30 |
| NCT01270191 S001002 | 12.35 | S0 | not reported | 100 region: all sites in Asia | 53.18 | 24 |
| AWARD-CHN1 S001064 | 7.97 | S0 | 3.77 | 97.69 | 52.84 | 26 |
| NCT01733758 S001075 | 8.11 | S0 | 6.65 | not reported | 58.25 | 52 |
| NCT00676338 S001966 | 8.53 | S0 | 2.67 | 12.44 Asian subgroup rows | 53.8 | 26 |
| AMPLITUDE-M S002081 | 8.07 | S0 | 5.1 | not reported | 58.51 | 56 |
| S002947 S002947 | 8.55 | S0 | 47.4 | 100 region: all sites in Asia | 50.04 | 20 |
| S003108 S003108 | 9.2 | S0 | 8 | 100 region: all sites in Asia | 58 | 24 |
| S003442 S003442 | 7.9 | S0 | 5.73 | not reported | 46.14 | 24 |
Comparability of the trials
Checked across designs (the set of treatments each trial compares) for eligibility, outcome definition and assessment, and the baseline factors above. Flags point to possible intransitivity; notes describe variation that is not tied to design.
- FlagBaseline, Baseline HbA1c: design means range from 6.5 (EXEN_SC vs GLIMEPIRIDE vs SITAGLIPTIN) to 12.3 (EXEN_SC vs INS_NPH) percent; threshold 0.5
- FlagBaseline, Diabetes duration: not reported by 3 of 14 trials
- FlagBaseline, Diabetes duration: design means range from 2.7 (EXENER_SC vs METFORMIN vs PIOGLITAZONE vs SITAGLIPTIN) to 47.4 (ECNO_SC vs PLACEBO) years; threshold 3
- FlagBaseline, Asian ancestry or region: not reported by 5 of 14 trials
- FlagBaseline, Asian ancestry or region: design means range from 12.4 (EXENER_SC vs METFORMIN vs PIOGLITAZONE vs SITAGLIPTIN) to 100.0 (ECNO_SC vs PLACEBO) percent Asian; threshold 30
- FlagBaseline, Age: design means range from 46.1 (DULA_SC vs LIRA_SC) to 58.5 (EFPE_SC vs PLACEBO) years; threshold 10
- FlagBaseline, Treatment duration: design means range from 20.0 (ECNO_SC vs PLACEBO) to 56.0 (EFPE_SC vs PLACEBO) weeks; threshold 26
- FlagHeterogeneity, tau above threshold: tau 0.41 exceeds the outcome threshold 0.3; the flags of this network are candidate explanations
- NoteOutcome assessment, time point: selected time points span 20 to 30 weeks
- NoteOutcome assessment, analysis set: mixed: completers 3, full_analysis 4, modified_itt 2, other 1, randomized 4
- NoteOutcome assessment, definition: mixed: HbA1c at week 24 1, not stated 13
- NoteRisk of bias, blinding: mixed: double_blind 8, not_reported 1, open_label 3, single_blind 2
- NoteRisk of bias, funding: mixed: industry 8, non_industry 4, not_reported 2
- NoteData handling, input conversions: arms_combined 6, n_randomized 1
| Trial | time weeks | analysis set | definition | instrument | adjudicated | proportion method | intercurrent events (discontinuation) | intercurrent events (rescue) | blinding | funding | start year | Eligibility |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03068065 | 24 | completers | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | not_reported | 2014 | age 18 to 70; drug naive 3 months; HbA1c 7 to 14 percent; BMI 20 to 38; NAFLD on ultrasound |
| NCT00775684 | 26.07 | completers | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | non_industry | 2008 | age 18 to 70; fasting glucose 110 to 159 mg/dL off glucose lowering drugs; early T2D or impaired fasting glucose |
| NCT00393718 | 24 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | industry | 2006 | age 20 or older; HbA1c 7.4 to 10.4 percent NGSP; with or without prior oral agents |
| NCT03010683 | 26.07 | randomized | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | single_blind | not_reported | 2015 | newly diagnosed treatment naive type 2 diabetes; no cardiovascular, liver or kidney disease |
| NCT01558271 | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | industry | 2012 | Japanese; age 20 or more; BMI 18.5 to 35; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; OAM naive or OAM stopped |
| SUSTAIN™1 | 30 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | industry | 2014 | age 18 or older (20 in Japan); HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; drug naive on diet and exercise; eGFR 30 or more |
| NCT01270191 | 26.07 | completers | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | non_industry | 2010 | Newly diagnosed drug naive T2D, age 30 to 70, FPG above 300 mg/dL or HbA1c above 9 |
| AWARD-CHN1 | 26 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | industry | 2012 | age 18 or older; BMI 19 to 35 kg/m2; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent OAM naive or 6.5 to 10.0 percent on OAM monotherapy |
| NCT01733758 | 24 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | industry | 2013 | Japanese adults; diet and exercise with or without one oral drug; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent after washout |
| NCT00676338 | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | industry | 2008 | adults, HbA1c 7.1 to 11.0 percent, BMI 23 to 45 kg/m2, drug naive |
| AMPLITUDE-M | 30 | randomized | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | industry | 2017 | type 2 diabetes on diet and exercise, HbA1c 7 to 10 percent, no glucose lowering drug in prior 3 months |
| S002947 | 20 | randomized | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | industry | 2021 | age 18 to 65; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; BMI 20 to 35; diet or one oral agent washed out |
| S003108 | 24 | randomized | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | single_blind | non_industry | 2012 | T2D with coronary artery disease; no severe heart failure; creatinine up to 150 umol/L |
| S003442 | 24 | other | HbA1c at week 24 | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not_reported | non_industry | 2019 | Women with T2D by ADA criteria; no weight loss drugs within 24 weeks |
Trial data
What each trial contributes. Arm rows give the arm value with its standard error, or events over participants; contrast rows give the mean difference on the analysis scale against the trial's first row. Flags mark converted, combined or approximated inputs.
| Trial | Arm | Treatment | Week | Data | Value | SE | Events / N | Flags | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03068065 | A1 | LIRA_SC | 24 | arm, final | 5.900 | 0.110 | 29 | R0025051:Table 2 | |
| NCT03068065 | A2 | METFORMIN | 24 | arm, final | 6.030 | 0.090 | 29 | R0025051:Table 2 | |
| NCT03068065 | A3 | GLICLAZIDE | 24 | arm, final | 6.470 | 0.170 | 27 | R0025051:Table 2 | |
| NCT00775684 | A1 | EXEN_SC | 26.07 | arm, change | -0.200 | 0.100 | 14 | R0023972:Table 1 | |
| NCT00775684 | A2 | SITAGLIPTIN | 26.07 | arm, change | -0.010 | 0.100 | 12 | R0023972:Table 1 | |
| NCT00775684 | A3 | GLIMEPIRIDE | 26.07 | arm, change | -0.500 | 0.200 | 14 | R0023972:Table 1 | |
| NCT00393718 | A1 | LIRA_SC | 24 | arm, final | 6.990 | 0.070 | 263 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT00393718 | A2 | GLIBENCLAMIDE | 24 | arm, final | 7.500 | 0.090 | 130 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT03010683 | A1 | LIRA_SC | 26.07 | arm, final | 7.000 | 0.219 | 30 | R0016601:Table 2 | |
| NCT03010683 | A2 | METFORMIN | 26.07 | arm, final | 7.700 | 0.183 | 30 | R0016601:Table 2 | |
| NCT01558271 | A1 | DULA_SC | 26 | arm, change | -1.430 | 0.050 | 280 | R0011901:Results | |
| NCT01558271 | A2 | LIRA_SC | 26 | arm, change | -1.330 | 0.070 | 136 | R0011901:Results | |
| NCT01558271 | A3 | PLACEBO | 26 | arm, change | 0.140 | 0.100 | 68 | R0011901:Results | |
| SUSTAIN™1 | A1+A2 | SEMA_SC | 30 | arm, change | -1.515 | 0.071 | 258 | arms_combined | registry:outcomes |
| SUSTAIN™1 | A3 | PLACEBO | 30 | arm, change | 0.000 | 0.079 | 129 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT01270191 | A1 | INS_NPH | 26.07 | arm, final | 6.600 | 0.235 | 17 | R0012661:Table 2 | |
| NCT01270191 | A2 | EXEN_SC | 26.07 | arm, final | 6.880 | 0.190 | 16 | R0012661:Table 2 | |
| AWARD-CHN1 | A1+A2 | DULA_SC | 26 | arm, change | -1.350 | 0.050 | 478 | arms_combined | R0014229:Results |
| AWARD-CHN1 | A3 | GLIMEPIRIDE | 26 | arm, change | -0.900 | 0.070 | 245 | n_randomized | R0014229:Results |
| NCT01733758 | A1 | PLACEBO | 24 | arm, change | 0.250 | 0.068 | 77 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT01733758 | A2+A3 | ALBI_SC | 24 | arm, change | -1.197 | 0.034 | 309 | arms_combined | registry:outcomes |
| NCT01733758 | A4 | LIRA_SC | 24 | arm, change | -1.190 | 0.063 | 103 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT00676338 | A1 | EXENER_SC | 26 | arm, change | -1.530 | 0.070 | 218 | R0027761:Results | |
| NCT00676338 | A2 | METFORMIN | 26 | arm, change | -1.480 | 0.070 | 218 | R0027761:Results | |
| NCT00676338 | A3 | PIOGLITAZONE | 26 | arm, change | -1.630 | 0.080 | 137 | R0027761:Results | |
| NCT00676338 | A4 | SITAGLIPTIN | 26 | arm, change | -1.150 | 0.080 | 142 | R0027761:Results | |
| AMPLITUDE-M | A1+A2+A3 | EFPE_SC | 30 | arm, change | -1.369 | 0.059 | 304 | arms_combined | R0007136:Results |
| AMPLITUDE-M | A4 | PLACEBO | 30 | arm, change | -0.600 | 1.200 | 102 | R0007136:Results | |
| S002947 | A1+A2+A3 | ECNO_SC | 20 | arm, change | -2.032 | 0.090 | 96 | arms_combined | R0006482:Results |
| S002947 | A4 | PLACEBO | 20 | arm, change | -0.550 | 0.150 | 33 | R0006482:Results | |
| S003108 | A1+A3 | LIRA_SC | 24 | arm, final | 6.800 | 0.109 | 60 | arms_combined | R0025278:Table 2 |
| S003108 | A2 | METFORMIN | 24 | arm, final | 6.900 | 0.128 | 30 | R0025278:Table 2 | |
| S003108 | A4 | LIRAMETF_SC | 24 | arm, final | 6.700 | 0.128 | 30 | R0025278:Table 2 | |
| S003442 | A1 | DULA_SC | 24 | arm, final | 5.670 | 0.102 | 48 | R0016372:Table 1 | |
| S003442 | A2 | LIRA_SC | 24 | arm, final | 6.740 | 0.118 | 48 | R0016372:Table 1 |
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