Network meta-analysis

Level 2 or 3 hypoglycemia (participants)

Type 2 diabetes (adults)

longest follow-upRecorded harmsDoses of a drug pooledHazard ratio (from event counts)

Randomized trials

Treatments

40,999

Participants

4,001

Events

In plain language

Across 74 trials with 40,999 participants, 1 of 37 treatments had a clearly better result than placebo on level 2 or 3 hypoglycemia (participants), 4 a clearly worse one, and for 32 the evidence could not tell them apart from placebo. The most favorable estimate was for Polyethylene glycol loxenatide injection: hazard ratio (from event counts) 0.07 (95% credible interval 0.00 to 1.61).

Lower values favor the treatment. "Clearly" means the 95% credible interval excludes no difference. These are averages across trials; they do not say how any one person will respond. Not medical advice.

Network of trials

Each circle is a treatment; each line joins treatments that were randomized against each other in at least one trial.

Node area shows participants; line width shows trials comparing two treatments directly. Blue: GLP-1 receptor agonist containing treatments; grey: comparators. Hover over or tab to a node or line for details.

Effects compared with Placebo

Hazard ratio (from event counts). Lower values favor the treatment.

Versus Placebo, log scale. Blue: Bayesian random effects posterior median with 95% credible interval (thick) and 95% prediction interval (dashed). Amber diamond: frequentist estimate with 95% confidence interval. Hover over or tab to a row for its values.

Effects of each treatment versus Placebo
Treatment	Bayesian HR (95% CrI)	95% prediction interval	Verdict
Polyethylene glycol loxenatide injection PEGLOX_SC	0.07 (0.00 to 1.61)	0.00 to 2.17	Unclear
Pioglitazone PIOGLITAZONE	0.18 (0.02 to 1.27)	0.01 to 1.94	Unclear
Standard care or no added treatment STANDARD_CARE	0.26 (0.02 to 2.11)	0.01 to 3.17	Unclear
Dapagliflozin DAPAGLIFLOZIN	0.36 (0.00 to 23.95)	0.00 to 32.83	Unclear
Dulaglutide injection DULA_SC	0.38 (0.14 to 0.93)	0.07 to 1.90	Better
Safiglipron (HRS-7535) tablet SAFIGL_PO	0.38 (0.00 to 27.60)	0.00 to 33.69	Unclear
Efsubaglutide alfa injection EFSUBA_SC	0.45 (0.01 to 30.17)	0.00 to 37.14	Unclear
Bgm050 sc BGM050_SC	0.45 (0.01 to 32.98)	0.00 to 40.49	Unclear
Visepegenatide injection VISEPE_SC	0.49 (0.01 to 33.98)	0.00 to 42.75	Unclear
Mazdutide injection MAZD_SC	0.49 (0.03 to 6.17)	0.02 to 9.40	Unclear
Vildagliptin VILDAGLIPTIN	0.49 (0.01 to 34.41)	0.01 to 42.41	Unclear
Metformin METFORMIN	0.55 (0.10 to 2.83)	0.06 to 4.93	Unclear
Lixisenatide injection LIXI_SC	0.55 (0.12 to 2.23)	0.07 to 3.83	Unclear
Tirzepatide injection TIRZ_SC	0.58 (0.18 to 1.69)	0.10 to 3.34	Unclear
Additional oad OTHER_ACTIVE_additional_OAD	0.59 (0.07 to 4.14)	0.05 to 6.42	Unclear
Insulin icodec with semaglutide injection ICOSEMA_SC	0.69 (0.13 to 3.43)	0.08 to 5.72	Unclear
Semaglutide injection SEMA_SC	0.77 (0.37 to 1.54)	0.16 to 3.63	Unclear
Sitagliptin SITAGLIPTIN	0.82 (0.36 to 1.77)	0.16 to 3.85	Unclear
Liraglutide injection LIRA_SC	0.92 (0.49 to 1.69)	0.20 to 4.15	Unclear
Exenatide extended release injection EXENER_SC	0.93 (0.37 to 2.28)	0.17 to 4.89	Unclear
Semaglutide tablet SEMA_PO	0.99 (0.49 to 1.99)	0.21 to 4.83	Unclear
Investigator choice oral drug OTHER_ACTIVE_investigator_choice_oral_drug	1.03 (0.20 to 4.77)	0.12 to 8.48	Unclear
Insulin detemir INS_DETEMIR	1.09 (0.15 to 7.23)	0.10 to 11.47	Unclear
Albiglutide injection ALBI_SC	1.12 (0.20 to 5.67)	0.12 to 9.59	Unclear
Exenatide injection EXEN_SC	1.17 (0.41 to 3.12)	0.20 to 6.32	Unclear
Bofanglutide (GZR18) injection BOFANG_SC	1.80 (0.07 to 74.82)	0.05 to 91.89	Unclear
Insulin aspart (prandial) INS_ASPART	1.94 (0.41 to 8.38)	0.24 to 14.48	Unclear
Insulin lispro (prandial) INS_LISPRO	2.25 (0.72 to 6.71)	0.34 to 13.10	Unclear
Insulin glargine INS_GLARGINE	2.32 (0.96 to 5.17)	0.43 to 11.23	Unclear
Cotadutide injection COTA_SC	2.59 (0.26 to 32.69)	0.18 to 47.63	Unclear
Sulfonylurea OTHER_ACTIVE_sulfonylurea	2.76 (0.49 to 14.70)	0.29 to 25.37	Unclear
Insulin degludec with liraglutide injection IDEGLIRA_SC	2.77 (1.24 to 5.74)	0.55 to 13.05	Worse
Insulin glargine with lixisenatide injection IGLARLIXI_SC	2.87 (0.92 to 7.88)	0.44 to 15.47	Unclear
Glimepiride GLIMEPIRIDE	3.03 (0.59 to 13.24)	0.37 to 22.83	Unclear
Insulin degludec INS_DEGLUDEC	4.05 (1.61 to 9.46)	0.73 to 19.95	Worse
Premixed insulin INS_PREMIX	4.86 (1.12 to 18.58)	0.63 to 32.80	Worse
Basal bolus insulin OTHER_ACTIVE_basal_bolus_insulin	11.46 (1.63 to 84.68)	1.00 to 125	Worse

Ranking

How likely each treatment is to be among the best. Rankings ignore the size of differences and their certainty, so read them with the effects above.

League table

Every treatment against every other: hazard ratio (from event counts) of the row treatment versus the column treatment, posterior median and 95% credible interval. Green: row clearly better; red: row clearly worse.

Every treatment in a row compared with every treatment in a column
Row versus column	PLACEBO	PEGLOX_SC	PIOGLITAZONE	STANDARD_CARE	DAPAGLIFLOZIN	DULA_SC	SAFIGL_PO	EFSUBA_SC	BGM050_SC	VISEPE_SC	MAZD_SC	VILDAGLIPTIN	METFORMIN	LIXI_SC	TIRZ_SC	OTHER_ACTIVE_additional_OAD	ICOSEMA_SC	SEMA_SC	SITAGLIPTIN	LIRA_SC	EXENER_SC	SEMA_PO	OTHER_ACTIVE_investigator_choice_oral_drug	INS_DETEMIR	ALBI_SC	EXEN_SC	BOFANG_SC	INS_ASPART	INS_LISPRO	INS_GLARGINE	COTA_SC	OTHER_ACTIVE_sulfonylurea	IDEGLIRA_SC	IGLARLIXI_SC	GLIMEPIRIDE	INS_DEGLUDEC	INS_PREMIX	OTHER_ACTIVE_basal_bolus_insulin
PLACEBO	PLACEBO	14.04 0.62 to 641	5.52 0.79 to 63.55	3.77 0.47 to 49.97	2.81 0.04 to 238	2.64 1.08 to 7.25	2.60 0.04 to 204	2.22 0.03 to 199	2.21 0.03 to 187	2.05 0.03 to 182	2.04 0.16 to 29.00	2.03 0.03 to 168	1.81 0.35 to 10.48	1.81 0.45 to 8.11	1.72 0.59 to 5.41	1.68 0.24 to 13.94	1.44 0.29 to 7.46	1.30 0.65 to 2.69	1.22 0.57 to 2.81	1.09 0.59 to 2.04	1.07 0.44 to 2.70	1.01 0.50 to 2.05	0.97 0.21 to 4.88	0.92 0.14 to 6.47	0.89 0.18 to 5.00	0.85 0.32 to 2.43	0.56 0.01 to 14.90	0.52 0.12 to 2.45	0.44 0.15 to 1.39	0.43 0.19 to 1.04	0.39 0.03 to 3.88	0.36 0.07 to 2.04	0.36 0.17 to 0.80	0.35 0.13 to 1.09	0.33 0.08 to 1.70	0.25 0.11 to 0.62	0.21 0.05 to 0.89	0.09 0.01 to 0.61
PEGLOX_SC	0.07 0.00 to 1.61	PEGLOX_SC	0.39 0.01 to 19.27	0.29 0.00 to 14.37	0.19 0.00 to 38.05	0.19 0.00 to 4.81	0.18 0.00 to 41.48	0.15 0.00 to 38.76	0.15 0.00 to 30.82	0.14 0.00 to 32.52	0.14 0.00 to 8.00	0.14 0.00 to 32.26	0.13 0.00 to 3.10	0.13 0.00 to 4.06	0.12 0.00 to 3.19	0.12 0.00 to 5.53	0.10 0.00 to 3.32	0.09 0.00 to 2.17	0.09 0.00 to 2.06	0.08 0.00 to 1.82	0.08 0.00 to 1.94	0.07 0.00 to 1.60	0.07 0.00 to 2.28	0.07 0.00 to 2.45	0.06 0.00 to 2.10	0.06 0.00 to 1.59	0.04 0.00 to 3.67	0.04 0.00 to 1.11	0.03 0.00 to 0.83	0.03 0.00 to 0.76	0.03 0.00 to 1.38	0.03 0.00 to 0.88	0.03 0.00 to 0.62	0.03 0.00 to 0.71	0.02 0.00 to 0.73	0.02 0.00 to 0.45	0.01 0.00 to 0.41	0.01 0.00 to 0.25
PIOGLITAZONE	0.18 0.02 to 1.27	2.58 0.05 to 168	PIOGLITAZONE	0.69 0.03 to 17.13	0.47 0.00 to 65.58	0.48 0.04 to 3.99	0.44 0.00 to 63.02	0.38 0.00 to 56.68	0.39 0.00 to 52.65	0.36 0.00 to 49.82	0.36 0.01 to 9.81	0.34 0.00 to 45.75	0.33 0.02 to 4.11	0.32 0.02 to 3.62	0.30 0.02 to 2.82	0.30 0.02 to 5.41	0.25 0.01 to 3.13	0.23 0.02 to 1.73	0.22 0.02 to 1.55	0.20 0.02 to 1.43	0.20 0.02 to 1.30	0.18 0.01 to 1.37	0.18 0.01 to 2.05	0.16 0.01 to 2.27	0.16 0.01 to 2.09	0.16 0.01 to 1.34	0.09 0.00 to 4.76	0.09 0.01 to 1.04	0.08 0.01 to 0.72	0.08 0.01 to 0.65	0.07 0.00 to 1.40	0.06 0.00 to 0.82	0.07 0.01 to 0.51	0.06 0.00 to 0.58	0.06 0.00 to 0.72	0.04 0.00 to 0.37	0.04 0.00 to 0.40	0.02 0.00 to 0.24
STANDARD_CARE	0.26 0.02 to 2.11	3.49 0.07 to 272	1.45 0.06 to 34.65	STANDARD_CARE	0.71 0.00 to 104	0.69 0.05 to 6.64	0.66 0.00 to 93.65	0.56 0.00 to 76.04	0.54 0.00 to 79.10	0.53 0.00 to 76.02	0.52 0.02 to 17.02	0.50 0.00 to 70.99	0.48 0.02 to 7.13	0.47 0.03 to 5.56	0.45 0.03 to 4.02	0.43 0.02 to 9.22	0.37 0.02 to 5.46	0.34 0.02 to 3.12	0.32 0.02 to 3.12	0.29 0.02 to 2.46	0.28 0.02 to 2.80	0.26 0.02 to 2.34	0.25 0.01 to 3.43	0.23 0.01 to 4.06	0.24 0.01 to 2.68	0.23 0.02 to 1.69	0.14 0.00 to 7.37	0.14 0.01 to 1.75	0.12 0.01 to 0.89	0.11 0.01 to 1.02	0.10 0.00 to 2.31	0.10 0.00 to 1.44	0.10 0.01 to 0.84	0.09 0.01 to 0.93	0.09 0.00 to 1.12	0.07 0.00 to 0.60	0.05 0.00 to 0.61	0.02 0.00 to 0.39
DAPAGLIFLOZIN	0.36 0.00 to 23.95	5.19 0.03 to 1454	2.14 0.02 to 258	1.41 0.01 to 222	DAPAGLIFLOZIN	0.94 0.01 to 74.19	0.90 0.00 to 373	0.78 0.00 to 372	0.80 0.00 to 389	0.75 0.00 to 353	0.72 0.00 to 106	0.72 0.00 to 340	0.65 0.01 to 68.60	0.64 0.01 to 58.44	0.62 0.01 to 53.64	0.62 0.00 to 71.63	0.52 0.00 to 49.06	0.46 0.01 to 34.92	0.43 0.00 to 32.94	0.38 0.00 to 28.99	0.38 0.00 to 28.45	0.36 0.00 to 25.55	0.34 0.00 to 33.41	0.32 0.00 to 33.61	0.33 0.00 to 31.82	0.31 0.00 to 25.62	0.19 0.00 to 45.97	0.18 0.00 to 17.15	0.16 0.00 to 13.30	0.16 0.00 to 12.18	0.13 0.00 to 16.02	0.13 0.00 to 12.07	0.13 0.00 to 9.96	0.13 0.00 to 10.76	0.12 0.00 to 12.03	0.09 0.00 to 7.23	0.07 0.00 to 6.66	0.03 0.00 to 3.51
DULA_SC	0.38 0.14 to 0.93	5.25 0.21 to 260	2.09 0.25 to 26.55	1.44 0.15 to 21.52	1.06 0.01 to 95.40	DULA_SC	0.98 0.01 to 86.23	0.84 0.01 to 85.01	0.83 0.01 to 72.05	0.77 0.01 to 77.18	0.75 0.05 to 12.56	0.77 0.01 to 69.85	0.69 0.12 to 3.82	0.67 0.13 to 3.53	0.65 0.19 to 2.14	0.64 0.08 to 6.15	0.55 0.08 to 3.15	0.49 0.18 to 1.33	0.46 0.14 to 1.40	0.41 0.14 to 1.10	0.41 0.11 to 1.33	0.38 0.12 to 1.09	0.37 0.06 to 2.15	0.35 0.04 to 2.87	0.34 0.05 to 2.13	0.32 0.09 to 1.15	0.20 0.00 to 6.33	0.20 0.04 to 1.02	0.17 0.04 to 0.63	0.16 0.05 to 0.53	0.14 0.01 to 1.72	0.14 0.02 to 0.85	0.14 0.04 to 0.41	0.13 0.03 to 0.50	0.13 0.02 to 0.71	0.09 0.03 to 0.30	0.08 0.02 to 0.39	0.03 0.00 to 0.27
SAFIGL_PO	0.38 0.00 to 27.60	5.61 0.02 to 1769	2.27 0.02 to 297	1.50 0.01 to 222	1.11 0.00 to 460	1.02 0.01 to 80.26	SAFIGL_PO	0.86 0.00 to 383	0.87 0.00 to 369	0.79 0.00 to 385	0.77 0.01 to 126	0.79 0.00 to 337	0.70 0.01 to 67.96	0.69 0.01 to 61.87	0.67 0.01 to 52.76	0.65 0.01 to 69.79	0.57 0.01 to 53.52	0.50 0.01 to 38.59	0.48 0.01 to 36.74	0.42 0.00 to 32.25	0.41 0.00 to 32.46	0.39 0.00 to 28.38	0.37 0.00 to 40.02	0.36 0.00 to 36.44	0.36 0.00 to 33.05	0.34 0.00 to 26.76	0.20 0.00 to 43.11	0.20 0.00 to 18.73	0.17 0.00 to 14.70	0.17 0.00 to 12.82	0.15 0.00 to 20.65	0.14 0.00 to 14.18	0.14 0.00 to 10.97	0.14 0.00 to 10.96	0.13 0.00 to 12.50	0.10 0.00 to 7.57	0.08 0.00 to 7.00	0.03 0.00 to 3.53
EFSUBA_SC	0.45 0.01 to 30.17	6.58 0.03 to 1498	2.64 0.02 to 298	1.77 0.01 to 238	1.28 0.00 to 527	1.18 0.01 to 90.54	1.16 0.00 to 491	EFSUBA_SC	0.96 0.00 to 510	0.94 0.00 to 455	0.91 0.01 to 148	0.97 0.00 to 344	0.80 0.01 to 71.65	0.82 0.01 to 75.48	0.78 0.01 to 61.23	0.75 0.01 to 95.24	0.63 0.01 to 62.46	0.57 0.01 to 44.06	0.54 0.01 to 43.16	0.49 0.01 to 37.07	0.47 0.01 to 35.94	0.45 0.00 to 33.47	0.44 0.00 to 38.79	0.42 0.00 to 44.60	0.41 0.00 to 41.37	0.38 0.00 to 28.65	0.23 0.00 to 52.70	0.24 0.00 to 23.02	0.20 0.00 to 16.39	0.20 0.00 to 14.86	0.17 0.00 to 21.14	0.16 0.00 to 15.04	0.16 0.00 to 11.25	0.16 0.00 to 12.24	0.15 0.00 to 14.29	0.11 0.00 to 8.25	0.09 0.00 to 7.86	0.04 0.00 to 4.11
BGM050_SC	0.45 0.01 to 32.98	6.49 0.03 to 1702	2.54 0.02 to 307	1.87 0.01 to 245	1.25 0.00 to 559	1.20 0.01 to 99.39	1.15 0.00 to 573	1.04 0.00 to 455	BGM050_SC	0.96 0.00 to 523	0.90 0.01 to 137	0.90 0.00 to 364	0.82 0.01 to 83.04	0.81 0.01 to 83.26	0.78 0.01 to 65.45	0.75 0.01 to 90.27	0.66 0.01 to 63.20	0.59 0.01 to 46.07	0.56 0.01 to 43.45	0.49 0.01 to 38.41	0.48 0.00 to 39.10	0.46 0.00 to 35.43	0.44 0.00 to 43.22	0.41 0.00 to 48.67	0.41 0.00 to 42.80	0.39 0.00 to 31.63	0.24 0.00 to 60.48	0.23 0.00 to 24.53	0.20 0.00 to 17.67	0.20 0.00 to 16.03	0.18 0.00 to 25.06	0.17 0.00 to 16.63	0.16 0.00 to 13.65	0.16 0.00 to 13.06	0.15 0.00 to 15.19	0.11 0.00 to 9.14	0.09 0.00 to 8.48	0.04 0.00 to 4.06
VISEPE_SC	0.49 0.01 to 33.98	6.98 0.03 to 1688	2.77 0.02 to 394	1.88 0.01 to 279	1.33 0.00 to 705	1.30 0.01 to 101	1.27 0.00 to 524	1.06 0.00 to 581	1.04 0.00 to 541	VISEPE_SC	0.97 0.01 to 152	0.95 0.00 to 453	0.92 0.01 to 85.10	0.88 0.01 to 73.99	0.83 0.01 to 63.48	0.82 0.01 to 102	0.68 0.01 to 75.64	0.64 0.01 to 47.18	0.60 0.01 to 45.14	0.53 0.01 to 37.45	0.53 0.01 to 40.82	0.51 0.01 to 34.38	0.48 0.00 to 46.59	0.44 0.00 to 44.71	0.45 0.00 to 40.94	0.42 0.00 to 33.93	0.25 0.00 to 59.90	0.25 0.00 to 24.68	0.22 0.00 to 18.31	0.21 0.00 to 15.90	0.18 0.00 to 21.44	0.18 0.00 to 16.87	0.18 0.00 to 13.29	0.17 0.00 to 12.94	0.16 0.00 to 15.39	0.12 0.00 to 9.18	0.10 0.00 to 8.67	0.04 0.00 to 4.79
MAZD_SC	0.49 0.03 to 6.17	6.99 0.13 to 670	2.76 0.10 to 86.93	1.91 0.06 to 66.30	1.38 0.01 to 239	1.33 0.08 to 19.39	1.29 0.01 to 195	1.10 0.01 to 199	1.11 0.01 to 198	1.03 0.01 to 174	MAZD_SC	0.99 0.01 to 161	0.91 0.04 to 19.16	0.91 0.04 to 16.92	0.86 0.05 to 13.28	0.85 0.03 to 21.13	0.71 0.03 to 14.90	0.65 0.04 to 8.89	0.60 0.04 to 8.83	0.53 0.03 to 7.46	0.53 0.03 to 7.79	0.49 0.03 to 7.07	0.48 0.02 to 8.91	0.45 0.02 to 11.68	0.45 0.02 to 9.50	0.43 0.02 to 6.22	0.27 0.00 to 19.02	0.26 0.01 to 4.76	0.22 0.01 to 3.45	0.22 0.01 to 3.11	0.19 0.00 to 5.85	0.17 0.01 to 4.19	0.18 0.01 to 2.62	0.18 0.01 to 2.77	0.17 0.01 to 3.15	0.12 0.01 to 1.87	0.10 0.01 to 1.85	0.04 0.00 to 1.03
VILDAGLIPTIN	0.49 0.01 to 34.41	7.24 0.03 to 1942	2.97 0.02 to 384	2.00 0.01 to 277	1.39 0.00 to 572	1.30 0.01 to 97.47	1.26 0.00 to 548	1.03 0.00 to 534	1.11 0.00 to 501	1.06 0.00 to 457	1.01 0.01 to 132	VILDAGLIPTIN	0.89 0.01 to 84.83	0.88 0.01 to 83.79	0.86 0.01 to 69.37	0.84 0.01 to 87.34	0.70 0.01 to 63.82	0.63 0.01 to 49.75	0.60 0.01 to 45.49	0.53 0.01 to 37.58	0.52 0.01 to 40.62	0.49 0.01 to 34.92	0.48 0.00 to 43.66	0.44 0.00 to 48.01	0.43 0.00 to 43.49	0.42 0.00 to 35.39	0.26 0.00 to 63.26	0.26 0.00 to 23.69	0.22 0.00 to 18.25	0.21 0.00 to 15.93	0.17 0.00 to 21.99	0.18 0.00 to 17.18	0.18 0.00 to 13.74	0.17 0.00 to 14.29	0.16 0.00 to 15.28	0.12 0.00 to 9.50	0.10 0.00 to 9.91	0.04 0.00 to 4.60
METFORMIN	0.55 0.10 to 2.83	7.53 0.32 to 395	3.07 0.24 to 51.95	2.08 0.14 to 42.93	1.53 0.01 to 170	1.45 0.26 to 8.02	1.43 0.01 to 159	1.25 0.01 to 139	1.22 0.01 to 144	1.09 0.01 to 143	1.09 0.05 to 24.87	1.12 0.01 to 126	METFORMIN	1.00 0.10 to 9.09	0.96 0.13 to 6.53	0.94 0.07 to 13.19	0.79 0.07 to 7.73	0.72 0.11 to 3.97	0.68 0.11 to 3.70	0.61 0.10 to 3.27	0.60 0.09 to 3.23	0.56 0.09 to 3.19	0.54 0.05 to 5.06	0.51 0.04 to 5.64	0.50 0.05 to 5.31	0.47 0.06 to 3.24	0.29 0.01 to 12.25	0.29 0.03 to 2.53	0.25 0.03 to 1.71	0.24 0.04 to 1.51	0.21 0.01 to 3.54	0.20 0.02 to 2.00	0.20 0.03 to 1.16	0.20 0.03 to 1.34	0.18 0.02 to 1.67	0.14 0.02 to 0.86	0.11 0.01 to 1.01	0.05 0.00 to 0.55
LIXI_SC	0.55 0.12 to 2.23	7.86 0.25 to 455	3.12 0.28 to 50.66	2.12 0.18 to 33.94	1.56 0.02 to 159	1.48 0.28 to 7.84	1.45 0.02 to 139	1.23 0.01 to 134	1.24 0.01 to 133	1.13 0.01 to 118	1.10 0.06 to 24.24	1.13 0.01 to 112	1.00 0.11 to 9.61	LIXI_SC	0.95 0.17 to 5.23	0.94 0.08 to 11.67	0.80 0.09 to 6.80	0.73 0.15 to 3.32	0.68 0.13 to 3.28	0.60 0.13 to 2.51	0.60 0.11 to 3.07	0.56 0.11 to 2.59	0.54 0.07 to 4.12	0.51 0.05 to 5.53	0.50 0.06 to 4.29	0.48 0.09 to 2.37	0.30 0.01 to 12.06	0.29 0.04 to 2.19	0.25 0.04 to 1.35	0.24 0.07 to 0.84	0.21 0.01 to 3.10	0.20 0.02 to 1.73	0.20 0.05 to 0.85	0.20 0.05 to 0.67	0.18 0.03 to 1.15	0.14 0.03 to 0.63	0.11 0.02 to 0.60	0.05 0.00 to 0.48
TIRZ_SC	0.58 0.18 to 1.69	8.04 0.31 to 421	3.29 0.36 to 44.10	2.23 0.25 to 30.53	1.62 0.02 to 162	1.54 0.47 to 5.32	1.50 0.02 to 137	1.28 0.02 to 130	1.29 0.02 to 133	1.20 0.02 to 121	1.17 0.08 to 20.98	1.16 0.01 to 113	1.05 0.15 to 7.87	1.06 0.19 to 5.99	TIRZ_SC	0.98 0.11 to 10.14	0.84 0.12 to 5.87	0.76 0.22 to 2.57	0.71 0.20 to 2.54	0.63 0.20 to 1.98	0.62 0.16 to 2.39	0.59 0.16 to 2.00	0.57 0.09 to 3.65	0.54 0.06 to 4.78	0.52 0.09 to 2.94	0.49 0.14 to 1.71	0.32 0.01 to 10.17	0.30 0.05 to 1.84	0.26 0.08 to 0.78	0.25 0.07 to 0.88	0.22 0.01 to 2.92	0.21 0.03 to 1.48	0.21 0.07 to 0.67	0.20 0.05 to 0.89	0.19 0.03 to 1.22	0.14 0.05 to 0.44	0.12 0.02 to 0.60	0.05 0.01 to 0.43
OTHER_ACTIVE_additional_OAD	0.59 0.07 to 4.14	8.41 0.18 to 572	3.35 0.18 to 63.23	2.32 0.11 to 57.81	1.63 0.01 to 213	1.57 0.16 to 12.95	1.53 0.01 to 190	1.33 0.01 to 171	1.33 0.01 to 158	1.23 0.01 to 158	1.18 0.05 to 31.82	1.20 0.01 to 162	1.06 0.08 to 14.89	1.07 0.09 to 11.99	1.02 0.10 to 9.51	OTHER_ACTIVE_additional_OAD	0.86 0.07 to 9.78	0.77 0.10 to 4.93	0.72 0.08 to 5.55	0.64 0.08 to 4.85	0.63 0.06 to 4.88	0.60 0.07 to 4.55	0.57 0.04 to 7.35	0.54 0.03 to 7.81	0.53 0.04 to 7.42	0.51 0.05 to 4.59	0.31 0.00 to 17.07	0.31 0.03 to 3.12	0.26 0.02 to 2.51	0.26 0.03 to 2.14	0.22 0.01 to 4.61	0.21 0.01 to 2.76	0.22 0.02 to 1.71	0.21 0.02 to 1.95	0.19 0.02 to 2.35	0.15 0.01 to 1.23	0.12 0.01 to 1.37	0.05 0.00 to 0.77
ICOSEMA_SC	0.69 0.13 to 3.43	9.86 0.30 to 585	3.96 0.32 to 68.36	2.68 0.18 to 61.41	1.91 0.02 to 210	1.82 0.32 to 12.08	1.75 0.02 to 192	1.58 0.02 to 187	1.52 0.02 to 172	1.47 0.01 to 163	1.41 0.07 to 30.62	1.44 0.02 to 162	1.26 0.13 to 13.38	1.25 0.15 to 11.24	1.19 0.17 to 8.36	1.16 0.10 to 15.06	ICOSEMA_SC	0.90 0.21 to 4.01	0.85 0.15 to 4.75	0.75 0.14 to 4.03	0.75 0.12 to 4.23	0.69 0.12 to 3.96	0.68 0.07 to 6.25	0.63 0.05 to 7.59	0.62 0.06 to 6.63	0.59 0.09 to 3.90	0.37 0.01 to 15.54	0.36 0.05 to 2.71	0.31 0.04 to 2.20	0.30 0.05 to 1.93	0.27 0.01 to 4.45	0.25 0.02 to 2.63	0.25 0.04 to 1.52	0.24 0.04 to 1.69	0.23 0.03 to 2.24	0.17 0.03 to 1.08	0.14 0.02 to 1.30	0.06 0.00 to 0.79
SEMA_SC	0.77 0.37 to 1.54	10.60 0.46 to 502	4.32 0.58 to 47.55	2.90 0.32 to 40.73	2.15 0.03 to 183	2.03 0.75 to 5.68	2.01 0.03 to 170	1.75 0.02 to 160	1.70 0.02 to 148	1.56 0.02 to 142	1.55 0.11 to 23.74	1.58 0.02 to 136	1.40 0.25 to 8.85	1.37 0.30 to 6.72	1.32 0.39 to 4.58	1.30 0.20 to 10.44	1.11 0.25 to 4.86	SEMA_SC	0.94 0.39 to 2.23	0.84 0.37 to 1.86	0.82 0.31 to 2.12	0.78 0.30 to 1.95	0.75 0.14 to 4.14	0.71 0.10 to 4.98	0.68 0.12 to 4.15	0.66 0.20 to 2.12	0.42 0.01 to 11.68	0.40 0.10 to 1.55	0.34 0.10 to 1.20	0.33 0.12 to 0.95	0.29 0.02 to 3.35	0.28 0.05 to 1.67	0.28 0.11 to 0.73	0.27 0.08 to 0.95	0.25 0.05 to 1.34	0.19 0.07 to 0.56	0.16 0.03 to 0.75	0.07 0.01 to 0.50
SITAGLIPTIN	0.82 0.36 to 1.77	11.53 0.48 to 537	4.54 0.64 to 51.01	3.09 0.32 to 46.24	2.32 0.03 to 204	2.16 0.72 to 6.95	2.09 0.03 to 183	1.85 0.02 to 175	1.79 0.02 to 164	1.66 0.02 to 158	1.66 0.11 to 26.39	1.68 0.02 to 153	1.47 0.27 to 9.14	1.47 0.30 to 7.51	1.41 0.39 to 5.03	1.39 0.18 to 12.32	1.18 0.21 to 6.51	1.07 0.45 to 2.56	SITAGLIPTIN	0.89 0.40 to 1.93	0.88 0.31 to 2.39	0.84 0.34 to 1.89	0.80 0.16 to 4.29	0.75 0.11 to 5.45	0.74 0.12 to 4.84	0.70 0.20 to 2.43	0.44 0.01 to 13.27	0.43 0.08 to 2.11	0.36 0.10 to 1.33	0.35 0.12 to 1.08	0.31 0.02 to 3.53	0.30 0.05 to 1.78	0.29 0.11 to 0.82	0.29 0.08 to 1.06	0.27 0.05 to 1.52	0.20 0.07 to 0.61	0.17 0.04 to 0.82	0.07 0.01 to 0.54
LIRA_SC	0.92 0.49 to 1.69	12.81 0.55 to 601	5.08 0.70 to 58.75	3.50 0.41 to 45.56	2.60 0.03 to 216	2.44 0.91 to 7.07	2.38 0.03 to 203	2.06 0.03 to 196	2.05 0.03 to 184	1.88 0.03 to 176	1.89 0.13 to 28.60	1.89 0.03 to 160	1.65 0.31 to 10.19	1.66 0.40 to 7.62	1.58 0.51 to 4.93	1.55 0.21 to 13.29	1.33 0.25 to 7.25	1.19 0.54 to 2.70	1.12 0.52 to 2.52	LIRA_SC	0.99 0.35 to 2.65	0.93 0.39 to 2.07	0.89 0.21 to 3.91	0.85 0.12 to 6.03	0.82 0.15 to 5.01	0.78 0.25 to 2.49	0.50 0.01 to 13.99	0.48 0.10 to 2.29	0.41 0.13 to 1.40	0.40 0.17 to 1.00	0.35 0.03 to 3.78	0.34 0.07 to 1.67	0.33 0.15 to 0.72	0.32 0.11 to 1.01	0.30 0.07 to 1.53	0.23 0.10 to 0.55	0.19 0.05 to 0.83	0.08 0.01 to 0.56
EXENER_SC	0.93 0.37 to 2.28	12.99 0.52 to 661	5.08 0.77 to 58.81	3.56 0.36 to 55.42	2.66 0.04 to 231	2.46 0.75 to 9.17	2.45 0.03 to 213	2.11 0.03 to 199	2.08 0.03 to 203	1.89 0.02 to 188	1.88 0.13 to 31.29	1.92 0.02 to 174	1.67 0.31 to 10.80	1.67 0.33 to 9.04	1.61 0.42 to 6.37	1.58 0.20 to 15.94	1.34 0.24 to 8.21	1.22 0.47 to 3.20	1.14 0.42 to 3.23	1.01 0.38 to 2.82	EXENER_SC	0.94 0.31 to 2.79	0.90 0.15 to 5.48	0.85 0.15 to 5.20	0.84 0.13 to 5.82	0.79 0.21 to 3.02	0.51 0.01 to 15.46	0.49 0.10 to 2.71	0.41 0.10 to 1.69	0.40 0.12 to 1.41	0.36 0.02 to 4.16	0.34 0.05 to 2.32	0.34 0.11 to 1.08	0.33 0.09 to 1.39	0.31 0.06 to 1.95	0.23 0.07 to 0.79	0.19 0.04 to 1.02	0.08 0.01 to 0.68
SEMA_PO	0.99 0.49 to 1.99	13.82 0.62 to 628	5.56 0.73 to 68.29	3.83 0.43 to 53.20	2.77 0.04 to 263	2.61 0.92 to 8.39	2.59 0.04 to 225	2.22 0.03 to 219	2.16 0.03 to 212	1.98 0.03 to 185	2.03 0.14 to 31.74	2.05 0.03 to 175	1.80 0.31 to 11.22	1.78 0.39 to 9.18	1.69 0.50 to 6.29	1.67 0.22 to 14.95	1.45 0.25 to 8.30	1.29 0.51 to 3.35	1.20 0.53 to 2.93	1.07 0.48 to 2.54	1.06 0.36 to 3.22	SEMA_PO	0.97 0.18 to 5.36	0.91 0.12 to 7.12	0.89 0.15 to 5.76	0.84 0.26 to 2.92	0.54 0.01 to 16.07	0.52 0.11 to 2.66	0.44 0.12 to 1.63	0.43 0.15 to 1.30	0.38 0.03 to 4.30	0.36 0.06 to 2.28	0.36 0.14 to 1.01	0.35 0.10 to 1.32	0.33 0.07 to 1.95	0.24 0.09 to 0.75	0.20 0.04 to 1.03	0.09 0.01 to 0.68
OTHER_ACTIVE_investigator_choice_oral_drug	1.03 0.20 to 4.77	14.11 0.44 to 902	5.71 0.49 to 96.00	3.99 0.29 to 75.92	2.90 0.03 to 307	2.71 0.47 to 16.45	2.67 0.02 to 286	2.29 0.03 to 263	2.29 0.02 to 260	2.09 0.02 to 259	2.09 0.11 to 42.02	2.10 0.02 to 233	1.86 0.20 to 19.07	1.86 0.24 to 14.47	1.76 0.27 to 11.05	1.76 0.14 to 23.91	1.46 0.16 to 13.40	1.34 0.24 to 7.05	1.24 0.23 to 6.30	1.12 0.26 to 4.68	1.11 0.18 to 6.57	1.03 0.19 to 5.44	OTHER_ACTIVE_investigator_choice_oral_drug	0.94 0.08 to 10.82	0.90 0.10 to 9.07	0.87 0.14 to 5.19	0.56 0.01 to 21.08	0.54 0.06 to 4.30	0.45 0.07 to 2.98	0.44 0.08 to 2.44	0.39 0.02 to 6.03	0.37 0.04 to 3.22	0.37 0.07 to 1.88	0.36 0.06 to 2.28	0.34 0.04 to 3.03	0.26 0.05 to 1.36	0.21 0.03 to 1.67	0.09 0.01 to 1.07
INS_DETEMIR	1.09 0.15 to 7.23	15.20 0.41 to 1029	6.15 0.44 to 111	4.26 0.25 to 101	3.15 0.03 to 389	2.90 0.35 to 25.15	2.79 0.03 to 318	2.41 0.02 to 314	2.42 0.02 to 324	2.29 0.02 to 279	2.22 0.09 to 57.54	2.25 0.02 to 280	1.97 0.18 to 24.35	1.95 0.18 to 20.99	1.86 0.21 to 16.92	1.84 0.13 to 30.27	1.59 0.13 to 19.05	1.42 0.20 to 9.93	1.33 0.18 to 9.50	1.17 0.17 to 8.47	1.17 0.19 to 6.67	1.09 0.14 to 8.03	1.07 0.09 to 12.03	INS_DETEMIR	0.98 0.08 to 12.62	0.93 0.11 to 8.12	0.59 0.01 to 27.35	0.56 0.06 to 6.25	0.48 0.05 to 4.37	0.47 0.06 to 3.79	0.41 0.02 to 8.04	0.39 0.03 to 4.87	0.39 0.05 to 3.12	0.39 0.04 to 3.43	0.37 0.03 to 4.22	0.27 0.03 to 2.16	0.22 0.02 to 2.39	0.09 0.01 to 1.49
ALBI_SC	1.12 0.20 to 5.67	15.48 0.48 to 1037	6.28 0.48 to 113	4.25 0.37 to 69.66	3.03 0.03 to 367	2.96 0.47 to 19.22	2.76 0.03 to 294	2.44 0.02 to 305	2.42 0.02 to 294	2.24 0.02 to 283	2.22 0.11 to 51.16	2.32 0.02 to 233	2.00 0.19 to 20.98	2.01 0.23 to 17.39	1.92 0.34 to 10.87	1.90 0.13 to 26.83	1.61 0.15 to 16.96	1.47 0.24 to 8.30	1.34 0.21 to 8.10	1.23 0.20 to 6.79	1.19 0.17 to 7.58	1.12 0.17 to 6.47	1.11 0.11 to 10.22	1.02 0.08 to 12.89	ALBI_SC	0.95 0.19 to 4.62	0.60 0.01 to 26.36	0.58 0.06 to 5.15	0.49 0.12 to 1.90	0.49 0.08 to 3.07	0.42 0.02 to 7.35	0.39 0.04 to 4.06	0.41 0.06 to 2.42	0.39 0.06 to 2.65	0.37 0.04 to 3.31	0.28 0.05 to 1.67	0.23 0.03 to 1.77	0.10 0.01 to 1.30
EXEN_SC	1.17 0.41 to 3.12	16.36 0.63 to 875	6.37 0.75 to 85.45	4.41 0.59 to 58.39	3.25 0.04 to 303	3.09 0.87 to 11.68	2.96 0.04 to 269	2.60 0.03 to 263	2.55 0.03 to 254	2.39 0.03 to 229	2.31 0.16 to 42.21	2.40 0.03 to 217	2.12 0.31 to 15.41	2.09 0.42 to 11.10	2.02 0.58 to 7.15	1.94 0.22 to 20.08	1.69 0.26 to 11.32	1.52 0.47 to 4.94	1.43 0.41 to 4.96	1.27 0.40 to 3.94	1.26 0.33 to 4.80	1.19 0.34 to 3.77	1.15 0.19 to 7.08	1.08 0.12 to 9.01	1.05 0.22 to 5.35	EXEN_SC	0.65 0.01 to 20.41	0.61 0.10 to 3.72	0.52 0.20 to 1.34	0.51 0.16 to 1.72	0.44 0.03 to 5.44	0.43 0.06 to 2.97	0.42 0.13 to 1.35	0.41 0.11 to 1.55	0.39 0.07 to 2.28	0.29 0.09 to 1.00	0.24 0.06 to 1.02	0.10 0.01 to 0.90
BOFANG_SC	1.80 0.07 to 74.82	26.82 0.27 to 5108	10.68 0.21 to 814	7.34 0.14 to 614	5.30 0.02 to 1558	4.97 0.16 to 227	4.99 0.02 to 1520	4.31 0.02 to 1321	4.15 0.02 to 1216	4.00 0.02 to 1068	3.75 0.05 to 366	3.88 0.02 to 1339	3.41 0.08 to 197	3.33 0.08 to 181	3.14 0.10 to 150	3.22 0.06 to 219	2.67 0.06 to 158	2.37 0.09 to 105	2.25 0.08 to 92.89	1.99 0.07 to 80.66	1.98 0.06 to 83.79	1.84 0.06 to 78.24	1.78 0.05 to 103	1.70 0.04 to 101	1.66 0.04 to 98.20	1.53 0.05 to 73.10	BOFANG_SC	0.98 0.02 to 51.84	0.81 0.02 to 40.67	0.79 0.03 to 35.39	0.69 0.01 to 59.47	0.65 0.02 to 38.45	0.67 0.02 to 28.76	0.65 0.02 to 31.39	0.62 0.01 to 38.05	0.45 0.02 to 20.64	0.38 0.01 to 20.11	0.16 0.00 to 10.96
INS_ASPART	1.94 0.41 to 8.38	27.18 0.90 to 1497	10.81 0.97 to 172	7.40 0.57 to 129	5.48 0.06 to 532	5.07 0.98 to 27.23	5.06 0.05 to 502	4.25 0.04 to 533	4.27 0.04 to 483	4.05 0.04 to 433	3.84 0.21 to 76.74	3.89 0.04 to 404	3.43 0.39 to 33.08	3.46 0.46 to 27.37	3.31 0.54 to 19.61	3.24 0.32 to 37.65	2.80 0.37 to 20.32	2.49 0.65 to 9.69	2.35 0.47 to 12.06	2.10 0.44 to 9.77	2.06 0.37 to 10.39	1.94 0.38 to 9.50	1.86 0.23 to 15.91	1.79 0.16 to 18.15	1.71 0.19 to 15.68	1.63 0.27 to 9.83	1.02 0.02 to 42.46	INS_ASPART	0.85 0.13 to 5.19	0.83 0.15 to 4.59	0.73 0.04 to 11.68	0.69 0.08 to 6.50	0.70 0.13 to 3.70	0.68 0.11 to 4.23	0.65 0.07 to 5.57	0.47 0.09 to 2.67	0.39 0.05 to 3.13	0.17 0.01 to 1.92
INS_LISPRO	2.25 0.72 to 6.71	31.85 1.21 to 1606	12.54 1.38 to 170	8.43 1.12 to 109	6.22 0.08 to 606	5.90 1.58 to 23.57	5.75 0.07 to 550	5.08 0.06 to 526	5.02 0.06 to 520	4.64 0.05 to 458	4.53 0.29 to 81.55	4.57 0.05 to 444	4.08 0.59 to 31.12	4.05 0.74 to 23.28	3.87 1.28 to 11.91	3.81 0.40 to 41.51	3.26 0.45 to 22.84	2.95 0.83 to 10.33	2.76 0.75 to 10.14	2.44 0.71 to 7.98	2.42 0.59 to 9.54	2.28 0.61 to 8.04	2.21 0.34 to 14.13	2.09 0.23 to 18.70	2.03 0.53 to 8.16	1.92 0.74 to 5.00	1.24 0.02 to 40.29	1.18 0.19 to 7.45	INS_LISPRO	0.97 0.28 to 3.56	0.85 0.05 to 12.06	0.83 0.11 to 6.03	0.81 0.24 to 2.84	0.79 0.19 to 3.42	0.75 0.13 to 4.66	0.55 0.16 to 1.95	0.46 0.10 to 2.30	0.20 0.02 to 1.76
INS_GLARGINE	2.32 0.96 to 5.17	32.23 1.31 to 1623	12.71 1.54 to 157	8.84 0.98 to 118	6.42 0.08 to 582	6.10 1.90 to 20.06	5.97 0.08 to 516	5.06 0.07 to 506	5.04 0.06 to 471	4.69 0.06 to 457	4.61 0.32 to 75.12	4.73 0.06 to 409	4.17 0.66 to 28.09	4.15 1.19 to 15.01	4.00 1.14 to 13.59	3.89 0.47 to 35.21	3.34 0.52 to 20.14	3.00 1.05 to 8.22	2.82 0.93 to 8.12	2.50 1.00 to 5.86	2.49 0.71 to 8.10	2.35 0.77 to 6.47	2.26 0.41 to 12.53	2.12 0.26 to 16.91	2.06 0.33 to 13.05	1.95 0.58 to 6.42	1.27 0.03 to 39.94	1.20 0.22 to 6.49	1.03 0.28 to 3.62	INS_GLARGINE	0.88 0.06 to 10.40	0.84 0.13 to 4.86	0.84 0.37 to 1.85	0.81 0.35 to 1.87	0.77 0.21 to 2.94	0.58 0.21 to 1.50	0.47 0.12 to 1.87	0.21 0.02 to 1.46
COTA_SC	2.59 0.26 to 32.69	38.06 0.72 to 3550	15.23 0.71 to 453	10.25 0.43 to 358	7.44 0.06 to 1206	6.95 0.58 to 106	6.85 0.05 to 1057	6.01 0.05 to 944	5.67 0.04 to 1059	5.52 0.05 to 853	5.40 0.17 to 203	5.73 0.05 to 803	4.83 0.28 to 107	4.77 0.32 to 87.24	4.47 0.34 to 73.58	4.48 0.22 to 110	3.74 0.22 to 75.94	3.41 0.30 to 47.33	3.19 0.28 to 48.04	2.84 0.26 to 38.87	2.77 0.24 to 41.45	2.64 0.23 to 36.86	2.58 0.17 to 53.58	2.44 0.12 to 54.78	2.36 0.14 to 52.71	2.26 0.18 to 34.13	1.44 0.02 to 87.28	1.38 0.09 to 25.10	1.18 0.08 to 18.20	1.14 0.10 to 16.66	COTA_SC	0.97 0.05 to 19.12	0.94 0.08 to 14.16	0.92 0.08 to 14.80	0.88 0.05 to 17.23	0.64 0.05 to 10.14	0.54 0.04 to 9.80	0.23 0.01 to 5.81
OTHER_ACTIVE_sulfonylurea	2.76 0.49 to 14.70	39.61 1.13 to 2268	15.46 1.22 to 276	10.40 0.69 to 224	7.53 0.08 to 900	7.33 1.17 to 46.84	7.17 0.07 to 733	6.14 0.07 to 811	6.05 0.06 to 769	5.70 0.06 to 664	5.73 0.24 to 123	5.63 0.06 to 626	5.00 0.50 to 52.69	4.99 0.58 to 45.98	4.75 0.68 to 32.86	4.67 0.36 to 69.12	3.99 0.38 to 40.42	3.59 0.60 to 21.54	3.34 0.56 to 19.78	2.98 0.60 to 15.24	2.97 0.43 to 19.00	2.78 0.44 to 16.00	2.68 0.31 to 25.04	2.55 0.21 to 31.36	2.56 0.25 to 25.40	2.35 0.34 to 16.66	1.53 0.03 to 57.11	1.44 0.15 to 13.15	1.21 0.17 to 9.16	1.19 0.21 to 7.44	1.03 0.05 to 19.61	OTHER_ACTIVE_sulfonylurea	1.00 0.17 to 6.08	0.97 0.15 to 6.70	0.91 0.10 to 8.99	0.68 0.11 to 4.24	0.57 0.07 to 4.88	0.24 0.02 to 3.10
IDEGLIRA_SC	2.77 1.24 to 5.74	38.40 1.60 to 1839	15.26 1.95 to 192	10.48 1.19 to 144	7.76 0.10 to 738	7.31 2.42 to 23.77	7.12 0.09 to 587	6.13 0.09 to 600	6.18 0.07 to 563	5.64 0.08 to 524	5.62 0.38 to 87.02	5.63 0.07 to 491	4.97 0.86 to 33.56	4.95 1.18 to 21.58	4.74 1.49 to 14.97	4.64 0.58 to 43.02	3.97 0.66 to 23.40	3.58 1.38 to 9.35	3.39 1.22 to 9.22	3.00 1.39 to 6.52	2.95 0.92 to 8.82	2.78 0.99 to 7.25	2.67 0.53 to 13.95	2.55 0.32 to 19.71	2.46 0.41 to 15.55	2.37 0.74 to 7.57	1.50 0.03 to 43.11	1.43 0.27 to 7.70	1.23 0.35 to 4.24	1.19 0.54 to 2.69	1.06 0.07 to 12.14	1.00 0.16 to 5.83	IDEGLIRA_SC	0.97 0.33 to 2.96	0.92 0.20 to 4.32	0.68 0.34 to 1.40	0.56 0.13 to 2.52	0.24 0.03 to 1.49
IGLARLIXI_SC	2.87 0.92 to 7.88	39.09 1.41 to 2011	15.72 1.74 to 215	11.00 1.08 to 156	7.93 0.09 to 741	7.48 1.99 to 29.96	7.37 0.09 to 657	6.19 0.08 to 633	6.37 0.08 to 599	5.87 0.08 to 563	5.67 0.36 to 99.97	5.76 0.07 to 509	5.09 0.75 to 39.74	5.09 1.50 to 18.38	4.95 1.13 to 19.39	4.85 0.51 to 51.24	4.12 0.59 to 28.02	3.70 1.05 to 12.81	3.46 0.95 to 12.01	3.10 0.99 to 9.09	3.07 0.72 to 11.43	2.89 0.76 to 9.78	2.79 0.44 to 17.16	2.59 0.29 to 23.46	2.55 0.38 to 16.81	2.45 0.64 to 8.77	1.54 0.03 to 51.47	1.47 0.24 to 9.07	1.27 0.29 to 5.26	1.23 0.54 to 2.85	1.09 0.07 to 13.09	1.03 0.15 to 6.84	1.03 0.34 to 3.03	IGLARLIXI_SC	0.94 0.20 to 4.77	0.71 0.20 to 2.31	0.58 0.17 to 2.09	0.25 0.03 to 2.02
GLIMEPIRIDE	3.03 0.59 to 13.24	42.06 1.37 to 2349	16.83 1.39 to 280	11.52 0.90 to 213	8.29 0.08 to 909	7.97 1.40 to 46.26	7.60 0.08 to 832	6.60 0.07 to 709	6.64 0.07 to 677	6.19 0.06 to 636	5.99 0.32 to 129	6.07 0.07 to 699	5.42 0.60 to 51.57	5.49 0.87 to 32.22	5.16 0.82 to 30.75	5.13 0.42 to 63.48	4.35 0.45 to 38.73	3.94 0.75 to 19.96	3.68 0.66 to 19.25	3.28 0.65 to 14.94	3.18 0.51 to 18.16	3.05 0.51 to 15.22	2.96 0.33 to 24.09	2.72 0.24 to 30.82	2.72 0.30 to 24.51	2.54 0.44 to 14.49	1.62 0.03 to 67.17	1.55 0.18 to 13.72	1.33 0.21 to 7.98	1.31 0.34 to 4.80	1.14 0.06 to 18.60	1.09 0.11 to 9.87	1.09 0.23 to 4.94	1.06 0.21 to 4.94	GLIMEPIRIDE	0.75 0.14 to 3.70	0.61 0.09 to 4.22	0.26 0.02 to 2.78
INS_DEGLUDEC	4.05 1.61 to 9.46	56.62 2.21 to 2828	22.39 2.72 to 286	15.20 1.68 to 222	11.48 0.14 to 1075	10.71 3.33 to 36.11	10.45 0.13 to 848	8.99 0.12 to 901	8.95 0.11 to 777	8.18 0.11 to 788	8.15 0.54 to 132	8.30 0.11 to 760	7.27 1.16 to 51.37	7.24 1.58 to 35.58	6.98 2.26 to 20.64	6.70 0.82 to 66.98	5.90 0.93 to 35.49	5.21 1.79 to 14.74	4.90 1.65 to 14.66	4.42 1.81 to 10.46	4.39 1.26 to 14.04	4.08 1.34 to 11.70	3.92 0.74 to 21.91	3.71 0.46 to 30.11	3.63 0.60 to 22.10	3.47 1.00 to 11.36	2.24 0.05 to 65.60	2.12 0.37 to 11.52	1.80 0.51 to 6.27	1.74 0.67 to 4.86	1.56 0.10 to 18.78	1.47 0.24 to 9.08	1.47 0.72 to 2.95	1.42 0.43 to 4.94	1.34 0.27 to 7.06	INS_DEGLUDEC	0.83 0.18 to 3.88	0.35 0.05 to 2.50
INS_PREMIX	4.86 1.12 to 18.58	68.49 2.43 to 3840	26.49 2.51 to 434	18.58 1.63 to 313	13.48 0.15 to 1315	12.83 2.58 to 66.22	12.60 0.14 to 1283	10.54 0.13 to 1189	11.04 0.12 to 1195	10.04 0.12 to 980	9.75 0.54 to 189	10.12 0.10 to 1029	8.79 0.99 to 80.90	8.73 1.68 to 48.49	8.35 1.66 to 42.18	8.21 0.73 to 100	7.06 0.77 to 56.53	6.30 1.33 to 30.07	5.97 1.22 to 27.57	5.28 1.21 to 21.34	5.16 0.98 to 27.79	4.94 0.97 to 22.46	4.77 0.60 to 35.81	4.45 0.42 to 46.18	4.41 0.56 to 32.75	4.15 0.98 to 16.38	2.63 0.05 to 93.44	2.55 0.32 to 19.46	2.16 0.43 to 10.47	2.11 0.53 to 8.08	1.86 0.10 to 25.12	1.76 0.20 to 13.99	1.77 0.40 to 7.42	1.71 0.48 to 5.87	1.63 0.24 to 11.34	1.21 0.26 to 5.45	INS_PREMIX	0.44 0.04 to 3.94
OTHER_ACTIVE_basal_bolus_insulin	11.46 1.63 to 84.68	167 4.05 to 11341	63.76 4.24 to 1467	45.01 2.58 to 1077	32.94 0.29 to 4293	30.25 3.69 to 288	30.10 0.28 to 3606	26.71 0.24 to 3491	25.57 0.25 to 3414	24.38 0.21 to 3350	23.57 0.97 to 676	23.80 0.22 to 2971	20.46 1.81 to 282	20.64 2.09 to 241	19.84 2.31 to 187	19.26 1.29 to 332	17.01 1.27 to 207	14.77 2.01 to 118	13.95 1.84 to 118	12.41 1.79 to 96.30	12.19 1.48 to 104	11.55 1.47 to 94.10	11.27 0.94 to 132	10.53 0.67 to 157	10.50 0.77 to 147	9.81 1.11 to 92.11	6.34 0.09 to 312	5.99 0.52 to 68.74	5.11 0.57 to 50.00	4.85 0.69 to 40.70	4.43 0.17 to 92.17	4.20 0.32 to 55.14	4.13 0.67 to 29.80	3.94 0.50 to 36.36	3.84 0.36 to 45.10	2.83 0.40 to 21.45	2.29 0.25 to 25.21	OTHER_ACTIVE_basal_bolus_insulin

Heterogeneity, fit and convergence

Bayesian random effects (primary)

Heterogeneity (tau): 0.678 (95% CrI 0.466 to 0.995), log scale
Residual deviance: 154.7 for 163 data points
DIC: 261.8 (pD 107.1)
Largest R-hat: 1.002
Smallest ESS: bulk 2,060, tail 3,940
Divergent transitions: 0
Convergence: All criteria met
Priors: PR02 N(0, 5^2); PR05 N(0, 2.5^2); PR09 log normal(-2.1, 1.58^2) on tau^2 (Adverse events, pharm vs pharm)

Inconsistency

Do trials comparing two treatments directly agree with the indirect evidence through other treatments?

No comparison here has both direct and indirect evidence, so inconsistency cannot be checked by node splitting.

Small study effects

A comparison adjusted funnel plot: each point is one trial comparison, centered on its own network estimate. Asymmetry can signal that small trials with unfavorable results are missing.

Fewer than ten trial comparisons, too few to judge funnel plot asymmetry.

Baseline characteristics of the trials

The baseline value of each effect modifier or prognostic factor that applies here, per trial: mean or percent over arms, weighted by the number randomized. A note under a value names a stand in (a median for a mean, 100 minus the male share, Asian subgroup rows, an all Asian site list); "not reported" means no source of the trial prints it.

Baseline effect modifiers and prognostic factors per trial
Trial	Baseline HbA1c (percent) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 73 of 74	Background glucose lowering therapy (stratum S0 to S4) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 70 of 74
PIONEER 12 S000522	8.12	S1
SUSTAIN 10 S000584	8.2	S1
NCT00960661 S000609	8.25	S2
NCT02008682 S000650	8.12	S1
PIONEER 10 S000234	8.31	S1
SUSTAIN™ 3 S000329	8.34	S1
NCT02325960 S000058	8.18	S1
DUAL™ I China S000081	8.23	S1
SURPASS-6 S000108	8.8	S2
PIONEER 4 S000133	7.98	S1
NCT04965506 S000140	8.05	S4
COMBINE 2 S000155	8	S1
STEP HFpEF DM S000161	6.8 median	S4
DUAL™IV S000164	7.9	S1
Lixilan-O-AP S000170	8.34	S1
PB119 S000217	8.5	S0
NCT00765817 S000345	8.4	S2
SUSTAIN 11 S000363	8.55	S2
SUSTAIN 7 S000372	8.23	S1
NCT00637273 S000402	8.53	S1
LIRA-PRIME S000508	8.15	S1
PREVAIL S000693	6.57	S2
NCT02229383 S000703	8.53	S2
NCT00434954 S000790	7.89	S1
GRADE S000873	7.5	S1
NCT05759897 S000877	8.52	S1
NCT01617434 S000926	8.25	S2
LIRA-Ramadan™ S000963	8.25	S1
AWARD-8 S001068	8.4	S1
LIRA-SWITCH™ S001119	8.25	S1
DURATION-NEO-2 S001157	8.45	S1
AWARD-6 S001184	8.05	S1
LixiLan-O S001199	8.1	S1
NCT06974825 S001200	8.09	S0
DUALTM IX S001236	8.3	S1
SUSTAIN S001311	8.1	S1
DUAL™ V S001328	8.3	S2
NCT01003184 S001355	8.36	S1
SUSTAIN™ S001498	8.06	S4
NCT05486065 S001555	8.35	S1
DUAL™ II China S001556	8.94	S2
SURPASS-3 S001591	8.17	S1
PIONEER 1 S001741	not reported	S0
NCT01126580 S001786	7.6	S0
PIONEER 11 S001791	7.95	S0
SUSTAIN™ 5 S001872	8.37	S2
NCT02229227 S001887	7.7	S3
SURPASS-SWITCH S001940	7.82	not reported
PIONEER 9 S001943	8.2	S0
DUAL™ I Japan S001965	8.43	S1
NCT00676338 S001966	8.53	S0
PIONEER 5 S002025	7.95	S4
DUAL™ II Japan S002038	8.58	S2
NCT03550378 S002039	7.86	S4
SUSTAIN™ S002082	8.13	S0
LEAD-5 S002098	8.26	S1
Lixilan-L-CN S002110	8.3	S2
NCT05767255 S002117	11.6	S0
NCT04998032 S002121	8.66	S1
NCT01455441 S002225	8.11	S1
NCT03311724 S002256	8.38	S1
PIONEER 3 S002267	8.33	S1
NCT04466904 S002331	8.7	S4
NCT00700817 S002361	8.43	S1
PIONEER 8 S002369	8.2	S4
NCT06256523 S002776	8.12	not reported
S002928 S002928	7.3 median	S1
S002946 S002946	6.45	S1
S002951 S002951	8.75	not reported
S002969 S002969	6.74 median	S1
S002992 S002992	8.6	S2
S003009 S003009	8.31	S4
S003050 S003050	7.15	S1
S003072 S003072	8	not reported

Comparability of the trials

Checked across designs (the set of treatments each trial compares) for eligibility, outcome definition and assessment, and the baseline factors above. Flags point to possible intransitivity; notes describe variation that is not tied to design.

FlagBaseline, Baseline HbA1c: design means range from 6.6 (EXEN_SC vs INS_LISPRO vs STANDARD_CARE) to 11.6 (IDEGLIRA_SC vs OTHER_ACTIVE_basal_bolus_insulin) percent; threshold 0.5
FlagEligibility, hba1c entry range: a design requires hba1c 8 or more while another admits only 7.5 or less
FlagEligibility, bmi entry range: a design requires bmi 50 or more while another admits only 30 or less
NoteOutcome assessment, time point: selected time points span 4 to 386.13 weeks
NoteOutcome assessment, analysis set: mixed: completers 3, full_analysis 4, modified_itt 9, other 2, per_protocol 1, randomized 1, safety 54
NoteOutcome assessment, definition: mixed: ADA 2018 level 2 (below 3.0 mmol/L); level 3 row zero in all arms 1, ADA 2018 level 2, glucose below 3.0 mmol/L; level 3 printed as zero in all arms 1, ADA level 2 (below 3.0 mmol/L) or level 3 (external assistance) 1, CGM glucose below 3.0 mmol/L for over 15 minutes 1, clinically important, symptoms with plasma glucose below 54 mg/dL 1, confirmed minor (plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L) or severe hypoglycemia 1, confirmed: severe or plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L 2, documented below 3.0 mmol/L regardless of symptoms (ADA level 2) 1, documented plasma glucose below 3.0 mmol/L regardless of symptoms 1, glucose below 3.0 mmol/L or severe hypoglycemia 1, glucose below 3.0 mmol/L; no severe events in any arm 1, glucose below 54 mg/dL or level 3 1, glucose below 54 mg/dL or severe hypoglycemia 1, hypoglycemia below 3.0 mmol/L or requiring assistance 1, level 2 hypoglycemia, glucose below 54 mg/dL 1, measured glucose below 54 mg/dL in 30 days before any quarterly visit 1, minor (symptomatic, glucose below 54 mg/dL) or major hypoglycemia 1, Minor confirmed: symptoms with glucose below 3.0 mmol/L, self treated 1, minor hypoglycemia, plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L 1, minor, self treated with plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L 1, minor: symptomatic, glucose below 3.0 mmol/L, not major 1, minor: symptoms with glucose below 3 mmol/L, self treated or resolved 1, minor: symptoms with glucose below 3.0 mmol/L, self treated 1, No severe or below 3 mmol/L hypoglycemia over whole 52 week study 1, not stated 25, participants whose worst on therapy event had glucose below 3.1 mmol/L 1, participants with capillary glucose 3.0 mmol/L or lower 1, plasma glucose 54 mg/dL or lower 1, plasma glucose below 3.0 mmol/L with or without symptoms 1, severe (ADA) or blood glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L with symptoms 2, Severe (ADA) or blood glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L with symptoms 1, Severe (ADA) or glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L with symptoms 1, severe (ADA) or plasma glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L 1, severe (ADA) or symptomatic with plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L 1, severe by ADA or plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L with symptoms 1, severe or BG confirmed symptomatic below 3.1 mmol/L 1, severe or blood glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L 1, severe or blood glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L with or without symptoms 1, severe or blood glucose confirmed symptomatic below 3.1 mmol/L 2, severe or blood glucose confirmed symptomatic hypoglycemia 3, Severe or plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L 1, severe or plasma glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L 1, treatment emergent confirmed hypoglycemia, PG below 3.1 mmol/L or unable to self treat 1, Zero implied by no hypoglycemia episodes of any kind 1, Zero implied by no hypoglycemia of any kind 1
NoteOutcome assessment, proportion method: mixed: not stated 61, observed 13
NoteOutcome assessment, intercurrent events (discontinuation): mixed: hypothetical 1, not stated 70, while_on_treatment 3
NoteOutcome assessment, intercurrent events (rescue): mixed: hypothetical 3, not stated 69, treatment_policy 2
NoteRisk of bias, blinding: mixed: double_blind 35, not_reported 1, open_label 35, single_blind 3
NoteRisk of bias, funding: mixed: industry 65, mixed 3, non_industry 5, not_reported 1
NoteData handling, input conversions: arms_combined 23, count_from_percent 28, printed_denominator 6

Comparability items per trial
Trial	time weeks	analysis set	definition	instrument	adjudicated	proportion method	intercurrent events (discontinuation)	intercurrent events (rescue)	blinding	funding	start year	Eligibility
PIONEER 12	31	safety	ADA 2018 level 2, glucose below 3.0 mmol/L; level 3 printed as zero in all arms	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2019	adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin, HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent
SUSTAIN 10	35	safety	severe or blood glucose confirmed symptomatic hypoglycemia	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2017	adults with T2D, HbA1c 7.0 to 11.0 percent on 1 to 3 oral drugs
NCT00960661	30	other	minor: symptoms with glucose below 3.0 mmol/L, self treated	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2009	age 18 or older; T2D on insulin glargine and metformin with or without sulfonylurea; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0; BMI 25.0 (23.0 in South Korea) to 45.0; HbA1c above 7.0 after optimization
NCT02008682	26	safety	Severe or plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2013	Chinese adults 18 to 80; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 on metformin; BMI 45 or lower
PIONEER 10	57	safety	severe (ADA) or blood glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L with symptoms	not stated	not stated	not stated	while_on_treatment	treatment_policy	single_blind	industry	2017	Japanese adults 20 or older; T2D; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent on one oral glucose lowering drug
SUSTAIN™ 3	61	safety	severe (ADA) or blood glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L with symptoms	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2013	age 18 or older; T2D on stable 1 to 2 oral drugs; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; eGFR 60 or more
NCT02325960	16	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	mixed	2015	age 18 to 70; BMI 24 or more; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; metformin 1.5 g/day or more
DUAL™ I China	27	safety	severe or blood glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2017	Chinese adults 18 y or older; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0; BMI 40 or less; metformin with or without one OAD
SURPASS-6	56	safety	glucose below 54 mg/dL or severe hypoglycemia	not stated	not stated	not stated	while_on_treatment	hypothetical	open_label	industry	2020	adults 18 or older; HbA1c 7.5 to 11 percent; BMI 23 to 45; basal insulin at least 30 U/day with or without up to 2 oral drugs
PIONEER 4	57	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	while_on_treatment	treatment_policy	double_blind	industry	2016	Age 18 or older; T2D on metformin with or without SGLT2i; HbA1c 7.0 to 9.5 percent; eGFR 60 or more
NCT04965506	24	safety	glucose below 3.0 mmol/L; no severe events in any arm	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2021	age 18 to 75; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; BMI 20 to under 40; diet or metformin
COMBINE 2	57	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2022	adults T2D on GLP-1 RA with or without oral drugs; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent
STEP HFpEF DM	57	safety	ADA level 2 (below 3.0 mmol/L) or level 3 (external assistance)	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2021	age 18 or older; heart failure with LVEF 45% or more; BMI 30 or more; type 2 diabetes with HbA1c 10% or less
DUAL™IV	27	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2012	adults 18 or older; HbA1c 7.0 to 9.0 percent; BMI 40 or less; SU with or without metformin; insulin and GLP-1 RA naive
Lixilan-O-AP	24.43	safety	documented plasma glucose below 3.0 mmol/L regardless of symptoms	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2019	adults with T2D on metformin with or without a second OAD; HbA1c 7.5 to 11 percent, or 7 to 10 percent with a non SGLT2i second OAD
PB119	24	safety	No severe or below 3 mmol/L hypoglycemia over whole 52 week study	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2020	age 18 to 75; HbA1c 7.5 to 11.0 at screening and 7.0 to 10.5 at randomization; BMI 18.5 to 40; eGFR 60 or more; drug naive
NCT00765817	30	full_analysis	minor: symptoms with glucose below 3 mmol/L, self treated or resolved	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2008	adults 18 or older; insulin glargine 20 U/d or more alone or with metformin or pioglitazone; HbA1c 7.1 to 10.5 percent; BMI 45 or less
SUSTAIN 11	52	full_analysis	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2018	adults; HbA1c above 7.5 to 10.0 percent on insulin glargine plus metformin
SUSTAIN 7	45	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2016	age 18 or older; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; eGFR 60 or higher; metformin background
NCT00637273	26	modified_itt	not stated	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2008	age 18 or older; HbA1c 7.1 to 11.0 percent; BMI 25 to 45; stable metformin
LIRA-PRIME	104	safety	severe or BG confirmed symptomatic below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2016	adults; HbA1c 7.5 to 9.0 percent; stable metformin monotherapy
PREVAIL	20	modified_itt	participants with capillary glucose 3.0 mmol/L or lower	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	non_industry	2014	age 30 to 80; T2D 7 years or less; A1c 6.0 to 9.5 percent off drugs or 5.5 to 9.0 on up to 2 oral drugs
NCT02229383	38	safety	minor: symptomatic, glucose below 3.0 mmol/L, not major	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2014	adults; insulin glargine 20 U/d or more with or without metformin; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent at randomization
NCT00434954	26	full_analysis	not stated	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2007	adults with T2D on metformin, HbA1c 6.5 to 10.0 percent
GRADE	386.13	per_protocol	measured glucose below 54 mg/dL in 30 days before any quarterly visit	not stated	not stated	not stated	hypothetical	hypothetical	single_blind	mixed	2013	age at diagnosis 30 or older; T2D under 10 years; HbA1c 6.8 to 8.5 percent; metformin 1000 mg/day or more
NCT05759897	16	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2023	age 18 to 75; BMI 19.0 to 40.0; HbA1c 7.5 to 11.0 on stable metformin
NCT01617434	27	safety	confirmed minor (plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L) or severe hypoglycemia	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2012	age 18 to 80; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; BMI 20 to 45; basal insulin analogue 20 U or more with or without metformin
LIRA-Ramadan™	30	safety	confirmed: severe or plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2014	age 18 to 80; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent; BMI 20 or more; metformin plus sulfonylurea; intent to fast in Ramadan
AWARD-8	24	modified_itt	plasma glucose below 3.0 mmol/L with or without symptoms	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	hypothetical	double_blind	industry	2013	age 18 or older; BMI up to 45; HbA1c 7.5 to 9.5 percent on sulfonylurea at least half maximal dose
LIRA-SWITCH™	27	safety	confirmed: severe or plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2013	age 18 or more; HbA1c 7.5 to 9.5 percent; BMI 20 or more; on sitagliptin 100 mg and metformin for 90 days or more
DURATION-NEO-2	28	safety	minor (symptomatic, glucose below 54 mg/dL) or major hypoglycemia	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2013	age 18 or older; HbA1c 7.1 to 11.0 percent; BMI 45 or lower; metformin 1500 mg or more
AWARD-6	26	modified_itt	glucose below 3.0 mmol/L or severe hypoglycemia	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2012	adults; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent; metformin 1500 mg/day or more
LixiLan-O	30.14	safety	clinically important, symptoms with plasma glucose below 54 mg/dL	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2014	adults; HbA1c 7.5 to 10% on metformin or 7 to 9% on metformin plus second OAD; 7 to 10% after run in
NCT06974825	20	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2023	age 18 to 65; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; BMI 19.5 to 35.0; no glucose lowering drug for 8 weeks
DUALTM IX	26	safety	severe or blood glucose confirmed symptomatic below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2016	adults; insulin naive type 2 diabetes on SGLT2 inhibitor with or without other oral drugs; HbA1c 7.0 to 11.0 percent; BMI 20 to 40
SUSTAIN	35	safety	Severe (ADA) or glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L with symptoms	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2017	Adults 18 or older, HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent on metformin monotherapy, eGFR 60 or more
DUAL™ V	26	safety	treatment emergent confirmed hypoglycemia, PG below 3.1 mmol/L or unable to self treat	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2013	T2D uncontrolled on insulin glargine 20 to 50 U plus metformin
NCT01003184	26	modified_itt	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2009	age 18 or older; HbA1c 7.1 to 10.0 percent; BMI 25 to 45; metformin with or without SU
SUSTAIN™	62	safety	severe (ADA) or symptomatic with plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2014	Japanese adults 20 or older; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; diet and exercise or OAD monotherapy; eGFR 30 or more
NCT05486065	49	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2022	age 18 to 64; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5; BMI 27 or more; on metformin
DUAL™ II China	26	safety	severe or plasma glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2017	age 18 or older; BMI 24 or higher; HbA1c 7.5 or higher; basal insulin 20 to 50 U plus metformin
SURPASS-3	56	safety	glucose below 54 mg/dL or level 3	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2019	insulin naive; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; BMI at least 25; metformin with or without SGLT2i; eGFR above 45
PIONEER 1	31	safety	severe or blood glucose confirmed symptomatic hypoglycemia	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2016	adults with type 2 diabetes on diet and exercise only; HbA1c 7.0 to 9.5 percent
NCT01126580	26	modified_itt	not stated	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2010	type 2 diabetes on diet and exercise or one oral drug; registry gives no ranges
PIONEER 11	31	safety	ADA 2018 level 2 (below 3.0 mmol/L); level 3 row zero in all arms	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2019	age 18 or older; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent at screening, 7.0 to 9.5 at randomization; no glucose lowering drugs; eGFR 60 or more
SUSTAIN™ 5	35	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2014	age 18 or older (20 in Japan); HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; stable basal insulin with or without metformin; eGFR 30 or more
NCT02229227	26	safety	participants whose worst on therapy event had glucose below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2014	age 18 to 75; HbA1c 7.0 to 9.5 percent at screening; BMI 40 or less; basal plus prandial insulin
SURPASS-SWITCH	44	modified_itt	level 2 hypoglycemia, glucose below 54 mg/dL	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2022	age 18 or older; HbA1c 7.0 to 9.5 percent; BMI 25 or more; stable dulaglutide 0.75 or 1.5 mg
PIONEER 9	57	safety	Severe (ADA) or blood glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L with symptoms	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2017	Japanese adults 20 y or older; HbA1c 6.5 to 9.5 on one oral drug washed out, or 7.0 to 10.0 on diet and exercise
DUAL™ I Japan	53	safety	severe or blood glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L with or without symptoms	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2015	Japanese adults 20 or older; HbA1c 7.0 to 11.0 percent; BMI at least 20; insulin naive on one oral drug
NCT00676338	26	full_analysis	Minor confirmed: symptoms with glucose below 3.0 mmol/L, self treated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2008	adults, HbA1c 7.1 to 11.0 percent, BMI 23 to 45 kg/m2, drug naive
PIONEER 5	31	safety	severe or blood glucose confirmed symptomatic hypoglycemia	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2016	type 2 diabetes; HbA1c 7.0 to 9.5 percent; moderate renal impairment
DUAL™ II Japan	27	safety	severe (ADA) or plasma glucose confirmed below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2016	Japanese adults; BMI 23 kg/m2 or more; HbA1c 7.5 to 11.0 percent; basal or premix insulin 20 to 50 U with metformin
NCT03550378	8.43	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2018	age 18 to 84; BMI 25 to 45; eGFR 30 to 59; HbA1c 6.5 to 10.5 percent
SUSTAIN™	35	safety	severe by ADA or plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L with symptoms	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2014	Japanese; age 20 or older; HbA1c 6.5 to 9.5 percent on one OAD or 7.0 to 10.5 percent on diet and exercise
LEAD-5	26	safety	minor hypoglycemia, plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2006	age 18 to 80; HbA1c 7.5 to 10 on monotherapy or 7 to 10 on combination; BMI 45 or lower
Lixilan-L-CN	30	safety	documented below 3.0 mmol/L regardless of symptoms (ADA level 2)	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2019	Chinese adults; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; basal insulin 10 to 25 U/day with up to 2 oral drugs; FPG at most 8.9 mmol/L
NCT05767255	4	modified_itt	CGM glucose below 3.0 mmol/L for over 15 minutes	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	open_label	non_industry	2022	adults hospitalized with T2D needing MDI; HbA1c 8.0 to 15 percent; eGFR 15 or more
NCT04998032	24	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2021	age 18 to 75; metformin monotherapy; HbA1c 7.5 to 10.5 at randomization; BMI 18.5 to 40; eGFR 60 or higher
NCT01455441	16	completers	Zero implied by no hypoglycemia episodes of any kind	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2011	age over 18; HbA1c 7 to 11 percent; BMI over 25; diet or metformin; sedentary
NCT03311724	16	modified_itt	plasma glucose 54 mg/dL or lower	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2017	age 18 to 75; T2D at least 6 months; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5%; BMI 23 to 45; diet or stable metformin
PIONEER 3	83	safety	severe or blood glucose confirmed symptomatic below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2016	adults with T2D; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; metformin with or without sulfonylurea
NCT04466904	20	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2020	age 18 to 75; T2D on diet and exercise or stable metformin; HbA1c 7.5 to 11.0 percent; BMI 20 to 35
NCT00700817	52	other	minor, self treated with plasma glucose below 3.1 mmol/L	not stated	not stated	observed	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2008	age 18 to 80; HbA1c 7.5 to 10%; BMI 45 or less; metformin 1500 mg/day or more for 3 months
PIONEER 8	57	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2017	adults with type 2 diabetes on basal, premixed or basal bolus insulin with or without metformin
NCT06256523	29	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2022	age 18 to 65; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; BMI 18.5 to 35; eGFR 60 or more
S002928	24	safety	hypoglycemia below 3.0 mmol/L or requiring assistance	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	single_blind	non_industry	2022	age 18 to 65; BMI 50 or more; type 2 diabetes
S002946	26	randomized	Zero implied by no hypoglycemia of any kind	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	not_reported	2020	age over 20; T2D on liraglutide 0.6 or 0.9 mg; no new diabetes drug for 3 months
S002951	16	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	non_industry	2022	age 18 to 65; BMI 25 or more; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; lifestyle or one OAD
S002969	52.14	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	double_blind	industry	2018	age 18 to 70; BMI 30 to 50; HbA1c 48 to below 97 mmol/mol; T2DM under 10 years; undergoing LAGB
S002992	26	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry		adults 18 or older; HbA1c 7.5 to 10 percent; BMI 20 to less than 40; basal insulin 20 to 50 U plus metformin with or without SGLT2i
S003009	24	completers	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	industry	2023	age 18 or more; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; eGFR 30 to 90; UACR above 30 to 5000 mg/g
S003050	12	safety	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not_reported	non_industry	2020	age 18 to 65; diabetes 2 years or less, no ASCVD; HbA1c 7.0 to 7.5 percent; BMI 18.5 to 30; metformin 1000 mg
S003072	14	completers	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	not stated	open_label	mixed	2011	age 20 to 80; HbA1c above 6.9 percent on sitagliptin 50 mg for 3 months or more

Trial data

What each trial contributes. Arm rows give the arm value with its standard error, or events over participants; contrast rows give the hazard ratio (from event counts) on the analysis scale (log) against the trial's first row. Flags mark converted, combined or approximated inputs.

Trial data entering this analysis
Trial	Arm	Treatment	Week	Data	Events / N	Flags	Source
NCT02325960	A1	EXEN_SC	16	arm, events	0 / 22		R0024438:Results
NCT02325960	A2	INS_GLARGINE	16	arm, events	0 / 23		R0024438:Results
DUAL™ I China	A1	IDEGLIRA_SC	27	arm, events	29 / 361		R0012560:Table 2
DUAL™ I China	A2	INS_DEGLUDEC	27	arm, events	14 / 179		R0012560:Table 2
DUAL™ I China	A3	LIRA_SC	27	arm, events	3 / 180		R0012560:Table 2
SURPASS-6	A1+A2+A3	TIRZ_SC	56	arm, events	76 / 717	arms_combined	R0009666:Table 4
SURPASS-6	A4	INS_LISPRO	56	arm, events	340 / 711		R0009666:Table 4
PIONEER 4	A1	SEMA_PO	57	arm, events	2 / 285		R0015836:Table 3
PIONEER 4	A2	LIRA_SC	57	arm, events	7 / 284		R0015836:Table 3
PIONEER 4	A3	PLACEBO	57	arm, events	3 / 142		R0015836:Table 3
NCT04965506	A1+A2+A3	MAZD_SC	24	arm, events	1 / 149	arms_combined	R0012443:Table 2
NCT04965506	A4	DULA_SC	24	arm, events	0 / 50		R0012443:Table 2
NCT04965506	A5	PLACEBO	24	arm, events	1 / 51		R0012443:Table 2
COMBINE 2	A1	ICOSEMA_SC	57	arm, events	12 / 342		R0005851:Table 4
COMBINE 2	A2	SEMA_SC	57	arm, events	13 / 341		R0005851:Table 4
STEP HFpEF DM	A1	SEMA_SC	57	arm, events	13 / 310		R0020223:Supplement Table S10
STEP HFpEF DM	A2	PLACEBO	57	arm, events	13 / 306		R0020223:Supplement Table S10
DUAL™IV	A1	IDEGLIRA_SC	27	arm, events	120 / 289		R0015199:Table 2
DUAL™IV	A2	PLACEBO	27	arm, events	25 / 146		R0015199:Table 2
Lixilan-O-AP	A1	IGLARLIXI_SC	24.43	arm, events	23 / 351		R0013321:Table 3
Lixilan-O-AP	A2	INS_GLARGINE	24.43	arm, events	10 / 350		R0013321:Table 3
Lixilan-O-AP	A3	LIXI_SC	24.43	arm, events	2 / 177		R0013321:Table 3
PB119	A1	VISEPE_SC	24	arm, events	0 / 137		R0011471:Results
PB119	A2	PLACEBO	24	arm, events	0 / 136		R0011471:Results
PIONEER 10	A1+A2+A3	SEMA_PO	57	arm, events	10 / 393	arms_combined	R0018421:Table 3
PIONEER 10	A4	DULA_SC	57	arm, events	0 / 65		R0018421:Table 3
SUSTAIN™ 3	A1	SEMA_SC	61	arm, events	33 / 406	count_from_percent	R0013158:Figure 5
SUSTAIN™ 3	A2	EXENER_SC	61	arm, events	33 / 407	count_from_percent	R0013158:Figure 5
NCT00765817	A1	EXEN_SC	30	arm, events	34 / 138		R0027069:Table 3
NCT00765817	A2	PLACEBO	30	arm, events	35 / 123		R0027069:Table 3
SUSTAIN 11	A1	SEMA_SC	52	arm, events	169 / 874		R0022346:Table 2
SUSTAIN 11	A2	INS_ASPART	52	arm, events	379 / 874		R0022346:Table 2
SUSTAIN 7	A1+A2	SEMA_SC	45	arm, events	7 / 601	count_from_percent;arms_combined	registry:outcomes
SUSTAIN 7	A3+A4	DULA_SC	45	arm, events	8 / 600	count_from_percent;arms_combined	registry:outcomes
NCT00637273	A1	EXENER_SC	26	arm, events	2 / 170	count_from_percent	R0026900:Research design and methods
NCT00637273	A2	SITAGLIPTIN	26	arm, events	5 / 172	count_from_percent	R0026900:Research design and methods
NCT00637273	A3	PIOGLITAZONE	26	arm, events	1 / 172	count_from_percent	R0026900:Research design and methods
LIRA-PRIME	A1	LIRA_SC	104	arm, events	18 / 996		R0022482:Supplement Table S5
LIRA-PRIME	A2	OTHER_ACTIVE_investigator_choice_oral_drug	104	arm, events	21 / 995		R0022482:Supplement Table S5
PIONEER 12	A1+A2+A3	SEMA_PO	31	arm, events	9 / 1,082	arms_combined	R0019776:Table 3
PIONEER 12	A4	SITAGLIPTIN	31	arm, events	0 / 359		R0019776:Table 3
SUSTAIN 10	A1	SEMA_SC	35	arm, events	5 / 290		registry:outcomes
SUSTAIN 10	A2	LIRA_SC	35	arm, events	7 / 287		registry:outcomes
NCT00960661	A1	EXEN_SC	30	arm, events	94 / 316	count_from_percent	R0016788:Results
NCT00960661	A2	INS_LISPRO	30	arm, events	128 / 321	count_from_percent	R0016788:Results
NCT02008682	A1	LIRA_SC	26	arm, events	2 / 184		R0025836:Results
NCT02008682	A2	SITAGLIPTIN	26	arm, events	1 / 184		R0025836:Results
PREVAIL	A1	STANDARD_CARE	20	arm, events	1 / 33		R0010144:Table 3
PREVAIL	A2	INS_LISPRO	20	arm, events	8 / 35		R0010144:Table 3
PREVAIL	A3	EXEN_SC	20	arm, events	5 / 35		R0010144:Table 3
NCT02229383	A1	EXENER_SC	38	arm, events	13 / 233		R0014763:Table 3
NCT02229383	A2	PLACEBO	38	arm, events	13 / 231		R0014763:Table 3
NCT00434954	A1	EXEN_SC	26	arm, events	3 / 248	count_from_percent	R0027127:Results
NCT00434954	A2	INS_PREMIX	26	arm, events	11 / 246	count_from_percent	R0027127:Results
GRADE	A1	INS_GLARGINE	386.13	arm, events	73 / 1,263		R0020895:Table 2
GRADE	A2	GLIMEPIRIDE	386.13	arm, events	106 / 1,254		R0020895:Table 2
NCT05759897	A1	PLACEBO	16	arm, events	0 / 39	printed_denominator	R0002101:Results
NCT05759897	A2+A3+A4+A5	SAFIGL_PO	16	arm, events	0 / 155	printed_denominator;arms_combined	R0002101:Results
NCT01617434	A1	LIRA_SC	27	arm, events	41 / 226		R0026247:Table 4
NCT01617434	A2	PLACEBO	27	arm, events	28 / 225		R0026247:Table 4
LIRA-Ramadan™	A1	LIRA_SC	30	arm, events	5 / 172		R0025756:Results
LIRA-Ramadan™	A2	OTHER_ACTIVE_sulfonylurea	30	arm, events	16 / 171		R0025756:Results
AWARD-8	A1	DULA_SC	24	arm, events	13 / 240		R0016038:Supplement Table S3
AWARD-8	A2	PLACEBO	24	arm, events	0 / 60		R0016038:Supplement Table S3
LIRA-SWITCH™	A1	LIRA_SC	27	arm, events	0 / 203		R0025720:Table 1
LIRA-SWITCH™	A2	SITAGLIPTIN	27	arm, events	3 / 204		R0025720:Table 1
DURATION-NEO-2	A1	EXENER_SC	28	arm, events	0 / 182		R0010641:Table 3
DURATION-NEO-2	A2	SITAGLIPTIN	28	arm, events	1 / 122		R0010641:Table 3
DURATION-NEO-2	A3	PLACEBO	28	arm, events	0 / 61		R0010641:Table 3
AWARD-6	A1	DULA_SC	26	arm, events	0 / 299	count_from_percent	R0022281:Table 3
AWARD-6	A2	LIRA_SC	26	arm, events	5 / 300	count_from_percent	R0022281:Table 3
LixiLan-O	A1	IGLARLIXI_SC	30.14	arm, events	38 / 469		R0015993:Table 1
LixiLan-O	A2	INS_GLARGINE	30.14	arm, events	32 / 467		R0015993:Table 1
LixiLan-O	A3	LIXI_SC	30.14	arm, events	4 / 234		R0015993:Table 1
NCT06974825	A1+A2+A3	BGM050_SC	20	arm, events	0 / 38	arms_combined	R0015161:Results
NCT06974825	A4	SEMA_SC	20	arm, events	0 / 16		R0015161:Results
NCT06974825	A5	PLACEBO	20	arm, events	0 / 13		R0015161:Results
DUALTM IX	A1	IDEGLIRA_SC	26	arm, events	27 / 210	count_from_percent	R0014323:Results
DUALTM IX	A2	INS_GLARGINE	26	arm, events	41 / 210	count_from_percent	R0014323:Results
SUSTAIN	A1+A2	SEMA_SC	35	arm, events	8 / 578	arms_combined	R0014802:Table 3
SUSTAIN	A3	SITAGLIPTIN	35	arm, events	4 / 290		R0014802:Table 3
DUAL™ V	A1	IDEGLIRA_SC	26	arm, events	79 / 278		registry:outcomes
DUAL™ V	A2	INS_GLARGINE	26	arm, events	137 / 279		registry:outcomes
NCT01003184	A1	EXENER_SC	26	arm, events	5 / 111		R0027663:Table 2
NCT01003184	A2	INS_DETEMIR	26	arm, events	6 / 111		R0027663:Table 2
SUSTAIN™	A1+A2	SEMA_SC	62	arm, events	9 / 480	arms_combined	R0025024:Table 2
SUSTAIN™	A3	OTHER_ACTIVE_additional_OAD	62	arm, events	2 / 121		R0025024:Table 2
NCT05486065	A1+A2+A3	SEMA_SC	49	arm, events	1 / 185	arms_combined	R0005510:Results
NCT05486065	A4	PLACEBO	49	arm, events	1 / 60		R0005510:Results
DUAL™ II China	A1	IDEGLIRA_SC	26	arm, events	34 / 302		R0012135:Supplement Table 6
DUAL™ II China	A2	INS_DEGLUDEC	26	arm, events	22 / 151		R0012135:Supplement Table 6
SURPASS-3	A1+A2+A3	TIRZ_SC	56	arm, events	17 / 1,079	arms_combined	R0007214:Table 2
SURPASS-3	A4	INS_DEGLUDEC	56	arm, events	26 / 365		R0007214:Table 2
PIONEER 1	A1+A2+A3	SEMA_PO	31	arm, events	8 / 525	arms_combined	registry:outcomes
PIONEER 1	A4	PLACEBO	31	arm, events	1 / 178		registry:outcomes
NCT01126580	A1+A2	DULA_SC	26	arm, events	1 / 539	count_from_percent;arms_combined	R0022281:Table 3
NCT01126580	A3	METFORMIN	26	arm, events	3 / 268	count_from_percent	R0022281:Table 3
PIONEER 11	A1+A2+A3	SEMA_PO	31	arm, events	2 / 390	arms_combined	R0019663:Table 3
PIONEER 11	A4	PLACEBO	31	arm, events	0 / 131		R0019663:Table 3
SUSTAIN™ 5	A1+A2	SEMA_SC	35	arm, events	25 / 264	arms_combined	R0012671:Table 2
SUSTAIN™ 5	A3	PLACEBO	35	arm, events	7 / 133		R0012671:Table 2
NCT02229227	A1	ALBI_SC	26	arm, events	141 / 402		R0008089:Table 3
NCT02229227	A2	INS_LISPRO	26	arm, events	239 / 412		R0008089:Table 3
SURPASS-SWITCH	A1	TIRZ_SC	44	arm, events	8 / 139	count_from_percent	R0008264:Results
SURPASS-SWITCH	A2	DULA_SC	44	arm, events	4 / 143	count_from_percent	R0008264:Results
PIONEER 9	A1+A2+A3	SEMA_PO	57	arm, events	0 / 146	arms_combined	registry:outcomes
PIONEER 9	A4	LIRA_SC	57	arm, events	2 / 48		registry:outcomes
PIONEER 9	A5	PLACEBO	57	arm, events	0 / 49		registry:outcomes
DUAL™ I Japan	A1	IDEGLIRA_SC	53	arm, events	106 / 275		R0014857:Table 2
DUAL™ I Japan	A2	INS_DEGLUDEC	53	arm, events	148 / 271		R0014857:Table 2
DUAL™ I Japan	A3	LIRA_SC	53	arm, events	6 / 273		R0014857:Table 2
NCT00676338	A1	EXENER_SC	26	arm, events	5 / 248		R0027761:Results
NCT00676338	A2	METFORMIN	26	arm, events	0 / 246		registry:outcomes
NCT00676338	A3	PIOGLITAZONE	26	arm, events	0 / 163		registry:outcomes
NCT00676338	A4	SITAGLIPTIN	26	arm, events	0 / 163		registry:outcomes
PIONEER 5	A1	SEMA_PO	31	arm, events	9 / 163		registry:outcomes
PIONEER 5	A2	PLACEBO	31	arm, events	3 / 161		registry:outcomes
DUAL™ II Japan	A1	IDEGLIRA_SC	27	arm, events	30 / 105	count_from_percent	R0015589:Results
DUAL™ II Japan	A2	INS_DEGLUDEC	27	arm, events	32 / 105	count_from_percent	R0015589:Results
NCT03550378	A1	COTA_SC	8.43	arm, events	3 / 21		R0019218:Table 2
NCT03550378	A2	PLACEBO	8.43	arm, events	1 / 20		R0019218:Table 2
SUSTAIN™	A1+A2	SEMA_SC	35	arm, events	1 / 205	arms_combined	R0014736:Supplement Table S5
SUSTAIN™	A3	SITAGLIPTIN	35	arm, events	0 / 103		R0014736:Supplement Table S5
LEAD-5	A1	LIRA_SC	26	arm, events	63 / 232	count_from_percent	R0027336:Results
LEAD-5	A2	PLACEBO	26	arm, events	19 / 115	count_from_percent	R0027336:Results
LEAD-5	A3	INS_GLARGINE	26	arm, events	67 / 234	count_from_percent	R0027336:Results
Lixilan-L-CN	A1	IGLARLIXI_SC	30	arm, events	25 / 212		R0014540:Supplement Table S4
Lixilan-L-CN	A2	INS_GLARGINE	30	arm, events	24 / 214		R0014540:Supplement Table S4
NCT05767255	A1	IDEGLIRA_SC	4	arm, events	2 / 32	count_from_percent	R0007026:Results
NCT05767255	A2	OTHER_ACTIVE_basal_bolus_insulin	4	arm, events	10 / 33	count_from_percent	R0007026:Results
NCT04998032	A1	EFSUBA_SC	24	arm, events	0 / 171		R0006975:Table 3
NCT04998032	A2	PLACEBO	24	arm, events	0 / 173		R0006975:Table 3
NCT01455441	A1	LIRA_SC	16	arm, events	0 / 18		R0010221:Results
NCT01455441	A2	PLACEBO	16	arm, events	0 / 16		R0010221:Results
NCT03311724	A1	PLACEBO	16	arm, events	0 / 26		R0010282:Table 2
NCT03311724	A2+A3+A4	TIRZ_SC	16	arm, events	0 / 85	arms_combined	R0010282:Table 2
PIONEER 3	A1+A2+A3	SEMA_PO	83	arm, events	83 / 1,397	arms_combined	registry:outcomes
PIONEER 3	A4	SITAGLIPTIN	83	arm, events	39 / 467		registry:outcomes
NCT04466904	A2	MAZD_SC	20	arm, events	0 / 8		R0009340:Table 2
NCT04466904	A4	DULA_SC	20	arm, events	0 / 6	printed_denominator	R0009340:Table 2
NCT04466904	A5	PLACEBO	20	arm, events	0 / 12	printed_denominator	R0009340:Table 2
NCT00700817	A1+A2	LIRA_SC	52	arm, events	36 / 446	count_from_percent;arms_combined	R0024199:Abstract
NCT00700817	A3	SITAGLIPTIN	52	arm, events	14 / 219	count_from_percent	R0024199:Abstract
PIONEER 8	A1+A2+A3	SEMA_PO	57	arm, events	147 / 547	arms_combined	registry:outcomes
PIONEER 8	A4	PLACEBO	57	arm, events	54 / 184		registry:outcomes
NCT06256523	A1	BOFANG_SC	29	arm, events	1 / 27	printed_denominator	R0002476:Results
NCT06256523	A2	PLACEBO	29	arm, events	0 / 9	printed_denominator	R0002476:Table
S002928	A1	PLACEBO	24	arm, events	0 / 41		R0007034:Table 4
S002928	A2+A3	PEGLOX_SC	24	arm, events	0 / 82	arms_combined	R0007034:Table 4
S002946	A1	SEMA_SC	26	arm, events	0 / 16		R0006360:Supplement Table S2
S002946	A2	DULA_SC	26	arm, events	0 / 16		R0006360:Supplement Table S2
S002951	A1	PEGLOX_SC	16	arm, events	0 / 104		R0007588:Table 3
S002951	A2	METFORMIN	16	arm, events	1 / 52		R0007588:Table 3
S002969	A1	LIRA_SC	52.14	arm, events	0 / 13		R0010852:Supplementary Clinical Sequelae 1
S002969	A2	PLACEBO	52.14	arm, events	0 / 14		R0010852:Supplementary Clinical Sequelae 1
S002992	A1	IGLARLIXI_SC	26	arm, events	28 / 443		R0019745:Figure 1
S002992	A2	INS_PREMIX	26	arm, events	57 / 444		R0019745:Figure 1
S003009	A1	PEGLOX_SC	24	arm, events	0 / 44		R0011381:Table 4
S003009	A2	DAPAGLIFLOZIN	24	arm, events	0 / 44		R0011381:Table 4
S003050	A1	METFORMIN	12	arm, events	0 / 30		R0021314:Results
S003050	A2	DULA_SC	12	arm, events	0 / 30		R0021314:Results
S003072	A1	VILDAGLIPTIN	14	arm, events	0 / 62		R0023470:Results
S003072	A2	LIRA_SC	14	arm, events	0 / 60		R0023470:Results

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