HbA1c change
Type 2 diabetes (adults); background therapy: no glucose lowering drug (lifestyle only)
In plain language
Across 14 trials with 4,530 participants, 11 of 25 treatments had a clearly better result than placebo on HbA1c change, and for 14 the evidence could not tell them apart from placebo. The most favorable estimate was for Ecnoglutide 1.2 mg injection once weekly: mean difference -1.79 percentage points (95% credible interval -2.52 to -0.94).
Lower values favor the treatment. "Clearly" means the 95% credible interval excludes no difference. These are averages across trials; they do not say how any one person will respond. Not medical advice.
Network of trials
Effects compared with Placebo
| Treatment | Bayesian MD (95% CrI) | 95% prediction interval | Frequentist MD (95% CI) | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ecnoglutide 1.2 mg injection once weekly ECNO_SC_1p2MG_QW | -1.79 (-2.52 to -0.94) | -2.75 to -0.67 | -1.84 (-2.29 to -1.39) | Better |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | -1.73 (-2.33 to -0.52) | -2.55 to -0.23 | -1.89 (-2.23 to -1.56) | Better |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | -1.54 (-2.21 to -0.74) | -2.52 to -0.44 | -1.56 (-1.87 to -1.25) | Better |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | -1.51 (-1.98 to -0.27) | -2.18 to -0.02 | -1.78 (-2.06 to -1.49) | Better |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | -1.48 (-1.91 to -0.58) | -2.20 to -0.30 | -1.60 (-1.83 to -1.36) | Better |
| Albiglutide 50 mg subcutaneous once weekly ALBI_SC_50MG_QW | -1.47 (-2.00 to -0.63) | -2.31 to -0.38 | -1.55 (-1.77 to -1.33) | Better |
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW | -1.44 (-2.09 to -0.66) | -2.41 to -0.35 | -1.47 (-1.76 to -1.18) | Better |
| Liraglutide and metformin 1.2 to 1500 mg injection once daily LIRAMETF_SC_1p2-1500MG_QD | -1.43 (-2.12 to 0.05) | -2.27 to 0.29 | -1.77 (-2.23 to -1.31) | Unclear |
| Liraglutide flexible dose injection once daily LIRA_SC_FLEX_0p6-1p2-1p8_QD | -1.34 (-2.04 to 0.12) | -2.19 to 0.36 | -1.67 (-2.15 to -1.19) | Unclear |
| Liraglutide 0.9 mg injection once daily LIRA_SC_0p9MG_QD | -1.31 (-1.63 to -0.54) | -1.95 to -0.22 | -1.44 (-1.62 to -1.25) | Better |
| Ecnoglutide 0.8 mg injection once weekly ECNO_SC_0p8MG_QW | -1.31 (-2.03 to -0.45) | -2.28 to -0.20 | -1.35 (-1.80 to -0.90) | Better |
| Pioglitazone PIOGLITAZONE | -1.28 (-1.95 to 0.18) | -2.11 to 0.46 | -1.62 (-2.03 to -1.21) | Unclear |
| Albiglutide 30 mg subcutaneous once weekly ALBI_SC_30MG_QW | -1.28 (-1.76 to -0.47) | -2.07 to -0.19 | -1.35 (-1.56 to -1.13) | Better |
| Ecnoglutide 0.4 mg injection once weekly ECNO_SC_0p4MG_QW | -1.22 (-1.95 to -0.38) | -2.21 to -0.11 | -1.26 (-1.71 to -0.81) | Better |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | -1.19 (-1.82 to 0.27) | -2.01 to 0.49 | -1.52 (-1.92 to -1.11) | Unclear |
| Metformin METFORMIN | -1.17 (-1.71 to 0.13) | -1.86 to 0.39 | -1.50 (-1.84 to -1.16) | Unclear |
| Glimepiride GLIMEPIRIDE | -1.16 (-1.68 to 0.01) | -1.95 to 0.28 | -1.35 (-1.67 to -1.03) | Unclear |
| NPH insulin INS_NPH | -1.10 (-2.13 to 0.60) | -2.25 to 0.75 | -1.51 (-2.27 to -0.75) | Unclear |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | -0.90 (-1.58 to 0.57) | -1.74 to 0.79 | -1.23 (-1.68 to -0.78) | Unclear |
| Gliclazide GLICLAZIDE | -0.81 (-1.53 to 0.66) | -1.69 to 0.91 | -1.12 (-1.61 to -0.64) | Unclear |
| Glibenclamide GLIBENCLAMIDE | -0.79 (-1.40 to 0.39) | -1.65 to 0.59 | -0.93 (-1.26 to -0.59) | Unclear |
| Sitagliptin SITAGLIPTIN | -0.76 (-1.36 to 0.55) | -1.50 to 0.79 | -1.09 (-1.47 to -0.72) | Unclear |
| Efpeglenatide 6 mg subcutaneous once weekly EFPE_SC_6MG_QW | -0.72 (-2.55 to 1.12) | -2.63 to 1.22 | -1.00 (-3.37 to 1.37) | Unclear |
| Efpeglenatide 4 mg subcutaneous once weekly EFPE_SC_4MG_QW | -0.52 (-2.33 to 1.31) | -2.42 to 1.41 | -0.80 (-3.17 to 1.57) | Unclear |
| Efpeglenatide 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly EFPE_SC_2MG_QW | -0.21 (-2.07 to 1.60) | -2.15 to 1.71 | -0.50 (-2.87 to 1.87) | Unclear |
Ranking
League table
| Row versus column | PLACEBO | ECNO_SC_1p2MG_QW | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | ALBI_SC_50MG_QW | SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW | LIRAMETF_SC_1p2-1500MG_QD | LIRA_SC_FLEX_0p6-1p2-1p8_QD | LIRA_SC_0p9MG_QD | ECNO_SC_0p8MG_QW | PIOGLITAZONE | ALBI_SC_30MG_QW | ECNO_SC_0p4MG_QW | EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | METFORMIN | GLIMEPIRIDE | INS_NPH | EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | GLICLAZIDE | GLIBENCLAMIDE | SITAGLIPTIN | EFPE_SC_6MG_QW | EFPE_SC_4MG_QW | EFPE_SC_2MG_QW |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLACEBO | PLACEBO | 1.79 0.94 to 2.52 | 1.73 0.52 to 2.33 | 1.54 0.74 to 2.21 | 1.51 0.27 to 1.98 | 1.48 0.58 to 1.91 | 1.47 0.63 to 2.00 | 1.44 0.66 to 2.09 | 1.43 -0.05 to 2.12 | 1.34 -0.12 to 2.04 | 1.31 0.54 to 1.63 | 1.31 0.45 to 2.03 | 1.28 -0.18 to 1.95 | 1.28 0.47 to 1.76 | 1.22 0.38 to 1.95 | 1.19 -0.27 to 1.82 | 1.17 -0.13 to 1.71 | 1.16 -0.01 to 1.68 | 1.10 -0.60 to 2.13 | 0.90 -0.57 to 1.58 | 0.81 -0.66 to 1.53 | 0.79 -0.39 to 1.40 | 0.76 -0.55 to 1.36 | 0.72 -1.12 to 2.55 | 0.52 -1.31 to 2.33 | 0.21 -1.60 to 2.07 |
| ECNO_SC_1p2MG_QW | -1.79 -2.52 to -0.94 | ECNO_SC_1p2MG_QW | -0.07 -1.44 to 0.89 | -0.26 -1.29 to 0.83 | -0.29 -1.75 to 0.50 | -0.33 -1.46 to 0.53 | -0.33 -1.39 to 0.64 | -0.36 -1.37 to 0.71 | -0.36 -1.97 to 0.58 | -0.45 -2.06 to 0.51 | -0.49 -1.55 to 0.31 | -0.48 -1.27 to 0.30 | -0.53 -2.14 to 0.42 | -0.53 -1.60 to 0.41 | -0.57 -1.37 to 0.19 | -0.62 -2.21 to 0.28 | -0.62 -2.13 to 0.18 | -0.65 -1.97 to 0.21 | -0.68 -2.49 to 0.52 | -0.91 -2.49 to 0.04 | -0.98 -2.60 to -0.03 | -1.02 -2.36 to -0.02 | -1.04 -2.51 to -0.17 | -1.06 -3.05 to 0.93 | -1.26 -3.20 to 0.72 | -1.56 -3.54 to 0.43 |
| DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | -1.73 -2.33 to -0.52 | 0.07 -0.89 to 1.44 | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | -0.19 -1.08 to 1.19 | -0.20 -1.27 to 0.61 | -0.25 -0.86 to 0.53 | -0.26 -1.13 to 0.99 | -0.28 -1.14 to 1.11 | -0.27 -1.56 to 0.68 | -0.37 -1.62 to 0.60 | -0.41 -1.17 to 0.54 | -0.40 -1.36 to 0.98 | -0.42 -1.63 to 0.47 | -0.45 -1.29 to 0.70 | -0.49 -1.46 to 0.90 | -0.52 -1.74 to 0.34 | -0.53 -1.63 to 0.23 | -0.56 -1.30 to 0.10 | -0.59 -2.04 to 0.54 | -0.81 -1.98 to 0.04 | -0.89 -2.15 to 0.10 | -0.94 -2.02 to 0.20 | -0.94 -2.00 to -0.18 | -0.95 -2.91 to 1.15 | -1.15 -3.10 to 0.92 | -1.45 -3.40 to 0.66 |
| SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | -1.54 -2.21 to -0.74 | 0.26 -0.83 to 1.29 | 0.19 -1.19 to 1.08 | SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | -0.02 -1.47 to 0.71 | -0.06 -1.19 to 0.72 | -0.06 -1.13 to 0.81 | -0.09 -0.81 to 0.63 | -0.09 -1.72 to 0.77 | -0.18 -1.80 to 0.72 | -0.22 -1.29 to 0.50 | -0.21 -1.28 to 0.83 | -0.24 -1.85 to 0.61 | -0.26 -1.30 to 0.61 | -0.31 -1.40 to 0.77 | -0.34 -1.99 to 0.51 | -0.35 -1.88 to 0.41 | -0.38 -1.75 to 0.43 | -0.41 -2.28 to 0.77 | -0.63 -2.28 to 0.26 | -0.72 -2.38 to 0.20 | -0.75 -2.07 to 0.15 | -0.76 -2.30 to 0.04 | -0.80 -2.77 to 1.18 | -1.00 -2.95 to 0.94 | -1.29 -3.27 to 0.69 |
| LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | -1.51 -1.98 to -0.27 | 0.29 -0.50 to 1.75 | 0.20 -0.61 to 1.27 | 0.02 -0.71 to 1.47 | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | -0.05 -0.61 to 0.97 | -0.06 -0.65 to 1.17 | -0.07 -0.77 to 1.36 | -0.06 -0.80 to 0.58 | -0.16 -0.90 to 0.51 | -0.21 -0.64 to 0.66 | -0.19 -0.98 to 1.21 | -0.22 -1.07 to 0.54 | -0.26 -0.87 to 0.94 | -0.28 -1.07 to 1.15 | -0.32 -1.13 to 0.41 | -0.33 -0.81 to 0.09 | -0.36 -1.08 to 0.55 | -0.37 -1.64 to 0.79 | -0.60 -1.54 to 0.28 | -0.69 -1.37 to -0.00 | -0.74 -1.49 to 0.39 | -0.73 -1.48 to -0.02 | -0.70 -2.61 to 1.39 | -0.90 -2.82 to 1.20 | -1.20 -3.11 to 0.91 |
| DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | -1.48 -1.91 to -0.58 | 0.33 -0.53 to 1.46 | 0.25 -0.53 to 0.86 | 0.06 -0.72 to 1.19 | 0.05 -0.97 to 0.61 | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | -0.00 -0.77 to 0.93 | -0.02 -0.79 to 1.09 | -0.02 -1.29 to 0.73 | -0.11 -1.36 to 0.66 | -0.16 -0.76 to 0.44 | -0.15 -1.01 to 0.96 | -0.17 -1.39 to 0.53 | -0.20 -0.93 to 0.68 | -0.24 -1.10 to 0.91 | -0.27 -1.47 to 0.41 | -0.28 -1.36 to 0.30 | -0.31 -1.06 to 0.20 | -0.35 -1.78 to 0.71 | -0.56 -1.72 to 0.15 | -0.65 -1.89 to 0.17 | -0.69 -1.65 to 0.20 | -0.69 -1.74 to -0.09 | -0.71 -2.63 to 1.27 | -0.90 -2.80 to 1.06 | -1.20 -3.09 to 0.79 |
| ALBI_SC_50MG_QW | -1.47 -2.00 to -0.63 | 0.33 -0.64 to 1.39 | 0.26 -0.99 to 1.13 | 0.06 -0.81 to 1.13 | 0.06 -1.17 to 0.65 | 0.00 -0.93 to 0.77 | ALBI_SC_50MG_QW | -0.03 -0.90 to 1.04 | -0.02 -1.46 to 0.78 | -0.12 -1.55 to 0.69 | -0.15 -0.94 to 0.44 | -0.15 -1.10 to 0.94 | -0.17 -1.66 to 0.60 | -0.20 -0.92 to 0.52 | -0.24 -1.21 to 0.86 | -0.26 -1.71 to 0.49 | -0.27 -1.59 to 0.36 | -0.30 -1.54 to 0.46 | -0.35 -2.02 to 0.77 | -0.55 -2.03 to 0.27 | -0.65 -2.06 to 0.17 | -0.68 -1.82 to 0.15 | -0.68 -2.03 to 0.04 | -0.73 -2.62 to 1.26 | -0.91 -2.81 to 1.04 | -1.22 -3.11 to 0.76 |
| SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW | -1.44 -2.09 to -0.66 | 0.36 -0.71 to 1.37 | 0.28 -1.11 to 1.14 | 0.09 -0.63 to 0.81 | 0.07 -1.36 to 0.77 | 0.02 -1.09 to 0.79 | 0.03 -1.04 to 0.90 | SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW | -0.00 -1.66 to 0.85 | -0.09 -1.72 to 0.79 | -0.13 -1.17 to 0.57 | -0.13 -1.19 to 0.91 | -0.16 -1.80 to 0.70 | -0.17 -1.18 to 0.66 | -0.22 -1.29 to 0.80 | -0.25 -1.88 to 0.59 | -0.26 -1.78 to 0.48 | -0.28 -1.63 to 0.49 | -0.32 -2.20 to 0.85 | -0.54 -2.13 to 0.32 | -0.62 -2.24 to 0.27 | -0.66 -2.02 to 0.27 | -0.67 -2.19 to 0.13 | -0.71 -2.68 to 1.22 | -0.90 -2.87 to 1.01 | -1.22 -3.16 to 0.73 |
| LIRAMETF_SC_1p2-1500MG_QD | -1.43 -2.12 to 0.05 | 0.36 -0.58 to 1.97 | 0.27 -0.68 to 1.56 | 0.09 -0.77 to 1.72 | 0.06 -0.58 to 0.80 | 0.02 -0.73 to 1.29 | 0.02 -0.78 to 1.46 | 0.00 -0.85 to 1.66 | LIRAMETF_SC_1p2-1500MG_QD | -0.10 -0.86 to 0.70 | -0.14 -0.80 to 1.04 | -0.13 -1.05 to 1.49 | -0.16 -1.11 to 0.82 | -0.18 -0.96 to 1.25 | -0.21 -1.14 to 1.41 | -0.26 -1.15 to 0.67 | -0.27 -0.94 to 0.45 | -0.29 -1.13 to 0.88 | -0.31 -1.64 to 1.05 | -0.55 -1.60 to 0.58 | -0.63 -1.52 to 0.34 | -0.68 -1.60 to 0.71 | -0.67 -1.53 to 0.30 | -0.64 -2.66 to 1.61 | -0.84 -2.83 to 1.40 | -1.14 -3.14 to 1.13 |
| LIRA_SC_FLEX_0p6-1p2-1p8_QD | -1.34 -2.04 to 0.12 | 0.45 -0.51 to 2.06 | 0.37 -0.60 to 1.62 | 0.18 -0.72 to 1.80 | 0.16 -0.51 to 0.90 | 0.11 -0.66 to 1.36 | 0.12 -0.69 to 1.55 | 0.09 -0.79 to 1.72 | 0.10 -0.70 to 0.86 | LIRA_SC_FLEX_0p6-1p2-1p8_QD | -0.04 -0.72 to 1.08 | -0.03 -0.96 to 1.58 | -0.06 -1.05 to 0.88 | -0.09 -0.89 to 1.33 | -0.11 -1.07 to 1.43 | -0.16 -1.08 to 0.75 | -0.17 -0.88 to 0.54 | -0.20 -1.07 to 0.94 | -0.22 -1.52 to 1.10 | -0.45 -1.51 to 0.66 | -0.53 -1.43 to 0.44 | -0.58 -1.52 to 0.78 | -0.58 -1.48 to 0.38 | -0.55 -2.54 to 1.75 | -0.74 -2.70 to 1.51 | -1.05 -3.04 to 1.21 |
| LIRA_SC_0p9MG_QD | -1.31 -1.63 to -0.54 | 0.49 -0.31 to 1.55 | 0.41 -0.54 to 1.17 | 0.22 -0.50 to 1.29 | 0.21 -0.66 to 0.64 | 0.16 -0.44 to 0.76 | 0.15 -0.44 to 0.94 | 0.13 -0.57 to 1.17 | 0.14 -1.04 to 0.80 | 0.04 -1.08 to 0.72 | LIRA_SC_0p9MG_QD | 0.01 -0.77 to 1.05 | -0.01 -1.22 to 0.66 | -0.05 -0.60 to 0.72 | -0.08 -0.85 to 1.00 | -0.11 -1.25 to 0.53 | -0.12 -1.10 to 0.36 | -0.15 -1.04 to 0.48 | -0.19 -1.69 to 0.87 | -0.40 -1.60 to 0.32 | -0.49 -1.63 to 0.22 | -0.53 -1.28 to 0.12 | -0.53 -1.59 to 0.06 | -0.55 -2.43 to 1.36 | -0.74 -2.61 to 1.15 | -1.04 -2.90 to 0.88 |
| ECNO_SC_0p8MG_QW | -1.31 -2.03 to -0.45 | 0.48 -0.30 to 1.27 | 0.40 -0.98 to 1.36 | 0.21 -0.83 to 1.28 | 0.19 -1.21 to 0.98 | 0.15 -0.96 to 1.01 | 0.15 -0.94 to 1.10 | 0.13 -0.91 to 1.19 | 0.13 -1.49 to 1.05 | 0.03 -1.58 to 0.96 | -0.01 -1.05 to 0.77 | ECNO_SC_0p8MG_QW | -0.03 -1.68 to 0.91 | -0.05 -1.13 to 0.88 | -0.08 -0.89 to 0.71 | -0.13 -1.71 to 0.76 | -0.14 -1.63 to 0.67 | -0.16 -1.52 to 0.72 | -0.19 -2.03 to 0.99 | -0.42 -2.02 to 0.53 | -0.51 -2.08 to 0.45 | -0.54 -1.88 to 0.44 | -0.55 -2.06 to 0.31 | -0.58 -2.58 to 1.34 | -0.79 -2.75 to 1.20 | -1.10 -3.04 to 0.87 |
| PIOGLITAZONE | -1.28 -1.95 to 0.18 | 0.53 -0.42 to 2.14 | 0.42 -0.47 to 1.63 | 0.24 -0.61 to 1.85 | 0.22 -0.54 to 1.07 | 0.17 -0.53 to 1.39 | 0.17 -0.60 to 1.66 | 0.16 -0.70 to 1.80 | 0.16 -0.82 to 1.11 | 0.06 -0.88 to 1.05 | 0.01 -0.66 to 1.22 | 0.03 -0.91 to 1.68 | PIOGLITAZONE | -0.03 -0.79 to 1.38 | -0.05 -1.00 to 1.57 | -0.10 -0.82 to 0.63 | -0.11 -0.81 to 0.59 | -0.14 -0.91 to 0.91 | -0.15 -1.38 to 1.06 | -0.38 -1.30 to 0.58 | -0.47 -1.40 to 0.54 | -0.53 -1.43 to 0.85 | -0.51 -1.18 to 0.21 | -0.48 -2.50 to 1.79 | -0.67 -2.69 to 1.55 | -0.98 -2.96 to 1.26 |
| ALBI_SC_30MG_QW | -1.28 -1.76 to -0.47 | 0.53 -0.41 to 1.60 | 0.45 -0.70 to 1.29 | 0.26 -0.61 to 1.30 | 0.26 -0.94 to 0.87 | 0.20 -0.68 to 0.93 | 0.20 -0.52 to 0.92 | 0.17 -0.66 to 1.18 | 0.18 -1.25 to 0.96 | 0.09 -1.33 to 0.89 | 0.05 -0.72 to 0.60 | 0.05 -0.88 to 1.13 | 0.03 -1.38 to 0.79 | ALBI_SC_30MG_QW | -0.04 -0.96 to 1.03 | -0.06 -1.48 to 0.69 | -0.08 -1.36 to 0.56 | -0.11 -1.25 to 0.65 | -0.15 -1.84 to 0.97 | -0.35 -1.79 to 0.45 | -0.44 -1.84 to 0.36 | -0.49 -1.59 to 0.34 | -0.48 -1.83 to 0.20 | -0.53 -2.42 to 1.45 | -0.72 -2.59 to 1.23 | -1.03 -2.90 to 0.93 |
| ECNO_SC_0p4MG_QW | -1.22 -1.95 to -0.38 | 0.57 -0.19 to 1.37 | 0.49 -0.90 to 1.46 | 0.31 -0.77 to 1.40 | 0.28 -1.15 to 1.07 | 0.24 -0.91 to 1.10 | 0.24 -0.86 to 1.21 | 0.22 -0.80 to 1.29 | 0.21 -1.41 to 1.14 | 0.11 -1.43 to 1.07 | 0.08 -1.00 to 0.85 | 0.08 -0.71 to 0.89 | 0.05 -1.57 to 1.00 | 0.04 -1.03 to 0.96 | ECNO_SC_0p4MG_QW | -0.04 -1.65 to 0.87 | -0.05 -1.54 to 0.77 | -0.08 -1.40 to 0.81 | -0.10 -1.92 to 1.11 | -0.32 -1.93 to 0.62 | -0.42 -2.04 to 0.56 | -0.45 -1.78 to 0.54 | -0.46 -2.00 to 0.42 | -0.50 -2.47 to 1.46 | -0.71 -2.64 to 1.24 | -1.01 -2.96 to 1.01 |
| EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | -1.19 -1.82 to 0.27 | 0.62 -0.28 to 2.21 | 0.52 -0.34 to 1.74 | 0.34 -0.51 to 1.99 | 0.32 -0.41 to 1.13 | 0.27 -0.41 to 1.47 | 0.26 -0.49 to 1.71 | 0.25 -0.59 to 1.88 | 0.26 -0.67 to 1.15 | 0.16 -0.75 to 1.08 | 0.11 -0.53 to 1.25 | 0.13 -0.76 to 1.71 | 0.10 -0.63 to 0.82 | 0.06 -0.69 to 1.48 | 0.04 -0.87 to 1.65 | EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | -0.01 -0.69 to 0.65 | -0.03 -0.78 to 0.97 | -0.05 -1.26 to 1.17 | -0.28 -1.21 to 0.69 | -0.37 -1.31 to 0.62 | -0.42 -1.33 to 0.91 | -0.41 -1.06 to 0.26 | -0.39 -2.38 to 1.85 | -0.58 -2.58 to 1.67 | -0.88 -2.85 to 1.37 |
| METFORMIN | -1.17 -1.71 to 0.13 | 0.62 -0.18 to 2.13 | 0.53 -0.23 to 1.63 | 0.35 -0.41 to 1.88 | 0.33 -0.09 to 0.81 | 0.28 -0.30 to 1.36 | 0.27 -0.36 to 1.59 | 0.26 -0.48 to 1.78 | 0.27 -0.45 to 0.94 | 0.17 -0.54 to 0.88 | 0.12 -0.36 to 1.10 | 0.14 -0.67 to 1.63 | 0.11 -0.59 to 0.81 | 0.08 -0.56 to 1.36 | 0.05 -0.77 to 1.54 | 0.01 -0.65 to 0.69 | METFORMIN | -0.03 -0.68 to 0.91 | -0.04 -1.22 to 1.14 | -0.28 -1.18 to 0.63 | -0.36 -1.03 to 0.35 | -0.42 -1.21 to 0.80 | -0.41 -1.04 to 0.27 | -0.37 -2.33 to 1.78 | -0.56 -2.50 to 1.55 | -0.87 -2.79 to 1.26 |
| GLIMEPIRIDE | -1.16 -1.68 to 0.01 | 0.65 -0.21 to 1.97 | 0.56 -0.10 to 1.30 | 0.38 -0.43 to 1.75 | 0.36 -0.55 to 1.08 | 0.31 -0.20 to 1.06 | 0.30 -0.46 to 1.54 | 0.28 -0.49 to 1.63 | 0.29 -0.88 to 1.13 | 0.20 -0.94 to 1.07 | 0.15 -0.48 to 1.04 | 0.16 -0.72 to 1.52 | 0.14 -0.91 to 0.91 | 0.11 -0.65 to 1.25 | 0.08 -0.81 to 1.40 | 0.03 -0.97 to 0.78 | 0.03 -0.91 to 0.68 | GLIMEPIRIDE | -0.03 -1.26 to 0.98 | -0.25 -1.13 to 0.41 | -0.34 -1.46 to 0.59 | -0.38 -1.33 to 0.74 | -0.38 -1.20 to 0.20 | -0.38 -2.29 to 1.71 | -0.58 -2.49 to 1.51 | -0.87 -2.82 to 1.25 |
| INS_NPH | -1.10 -2.13 to 0.60 | 0.68 -0.52 to 2.49 | 0.59 -0.54 to 2.04 | 0.41 -0.77 to 2.28 | 0.37 -0.79 to 1.64 | 0.35 -0.71 to 1.78 | 0.35 -0.77 to 2.02 | 0.32 -0.85 to 2.20 | 0.31 -1.05 to 1.64 | 0.22 -1.10 to 1.52 | 0.19 -0.87 to 1.69 | 0.19 -0.99 to 2.03 | 0.15 -1.06 to 1.38 | 0.15 -0.97 to 1.84 | 0.10 -1.11 to 1.92 | 0.05 -1.17 to 1.26 | 0.04 -1.14 to 1.22 | 0.03 -0.98 to 1.26 | INS_NPH | -0.23 -1.08 to 0.65 | -0.31 -1.64 to 1.06 | -0.35 -1.59 to 1.24 | -0.36 -1.41 to 0.74 | -0.35 -2.44 to 2.10 | -0.55 -2.64 to 1.89 | -0.85 -2.96 to 1.62 |
| EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | -0.90 -1.58 to 0.57 | 0.91 -0.04 to 2.49 | 0.81 -0.04 to 1.98 | 0.63 -0.26 to 2.28 | 0.60 -0.28 to 1.54 | 0.56 -0.15 to 1.72 | 0.55 -0.27 to 2.03 | 0.54 -0.32 to 2.13 | 0.55 -0.58 to 1.60 | 0.45 -0.66 to 1.51 | 0.40 -0.32 to 1.60 | 0.42 -0.53 to 2.02 | 0.38 -0.58 to 1.30 | 0.35 -0.45 to 1.79 | 0.32 -0.62 to 1.93 | 0.28 -0.69 to 1.21 | 0.28 -0.63 to 1.18 | 0.25 -0.41 to 1.13 | 0.23 -0.65 to 1.08 | EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | -0.08 -1.17 to 1.06 | -0.13 -1.11 to 1.21 | -0.13 -0.84 to 0.59 | -0.10 -2.10 to 2.13 | -0.30 -2.30 to 1.95 | -0.61 -2.60 to 1.68 |
| GLICLAZIDE | -0.81 -1.53 to 0.66 | 0.98 0.03 to 2.60 | 0.89 -0.10 to 2.15 | 0.72 -0.20 to 2.38 | 0.69 0.00 to 1.37 | 0.65 -0.17 to 1.89 | 0.65 -0.17 to 2.06 | 0.62 -0.27 to 2.24 | 0.63 -0.34 to 1.52 | 0.53 -0.44 to 1.43 | 0.49 -0.22 to 1.63 | 0.51 -0.45 to 2.08 | 0.47 -0.54 to 1.40 | 0.44 -0.36 to 1.84 | 0.42 -0.56 to 2.04 | 0.37 -0.62 to 1.31 | 0.36 -0.35 to 1.03 | 0.34 -0.59 to 1.46 | 0.31 -1.06 to 1.64 | 0.08 -1.06 to 1.17 | GLICLAZIDE | -0.05 -1.03 to 1.28 | -0.04 -0.99 to 0.88 | -0.03 -2.02 to 2.21 | -0.22 -2.22 to 1.96 | -0.52 -2.54 to 1.70 |
| GLIBENCLAMIDE | -0.79 -1.40 to 0.39 | 1.02 0.02 to 2.36 | 0.94 -0.20 to 2.02 | 0.75 -0.15 to 2.07 | 0.74 -0.39 to 1.49 | 0.69 -0.20 to 1.65 | 0.68 -0.15 to 1.82 | 0.66 -0.27 to 2.02 | 0.68 -0.71 to 1.60 | 0.58 -0.78 to 1.52 | 0.53 -0.12 to 1.28 | 0.54 -0.44 to 1.88 | 0.53 -0.85 to 1.43 | 0.49 -0.34 to 1.59 | 0.45 -0.54 to 1.78 | 0.42 -0.91 to 1.33 | 0.42 -0.80 to 1.21 | 0.38 -0.74 to 1.33 | 0.35 -1.24 to 1.59 | 0.13 -1.21 to 1.11 | 0.05 -1.28 to 1.03 | GLIBENCLAMIDE | 0.01 -1.24 to 0.86 | -0.02 -1.97 to 2.09 | -0.21 -2.18 to 1.89 | -0.50 -2.47 to 1.59 |
| SITAGLIPTIN | -0.76 -1.36 to 0.55 | 1.04 0.17 to 2.51 | 0.94 0.18 to 2.00 | 0.76 -0.04 to 2.30 | 0.73 0.02 to 1.48 | 0.69 0.09 to 1.74 | 0.68 -0.04 to 2.03 | 0.67 -0.13 to 2.19 | 0.67 -0.30 to 1.53 | 0.58 -0.38 to 1.48 | 0.53 -0.06 to 1.59 | 0.55 -0.31 to 2.06 | 0.51 -0.21 to 1.18 | 0.48 -0.20 to 1.83 | 0.46 -0.42 to 2.00 | 0.41 -0.26 to 1.06 | 0.41 -0.27 to 1.04 | 0.38 -0.20 to 1.20 | 0.36 -0.74 to 1.41 | 0.13 -0.59 to 0.84 | 0.04 -0.88 to 0.99 | -0.01 -0.86 to 1.24 | SITAGLIPTIN | 0.03 -1.96 to 2.23 | -0.17 -2.12 to 1.96 | -0.48 -2.42 to 1.71 |
| EFPE_SC_6MG_QW | -0.72 -2.55 to 1.12 | 1.06 -0.93 to 3.05 | 0.95 -1.15 to 2.91 | 0.80 -1.18 to 2.77 | 0.70 -1.39 to 2.61 | 0.71 -1.27 to 2.63 | 0.73 -1.26 to 2.62 | 0.71 -1.22 to 2.68 | 0.64 -1.61 to 2.66 | 0.55 -1.75 to 2.54 | 0.55 -1.36 to 2.43 | 0.58 -1.34 to 2.58 | 0.48 -1.79 to 2.50 | 0.53 -1.45 to 2.42 | 0.50 -1.46 to 2.47 | 0.39 -1.85 to 2.38 | 0.37 -1.78 to 2.33 | 0.38 -1.71 to 2.29 | 0.35 -2.10 to 2.44 | 0.10 -2.13 to 2.10 | 0.03 -2.21 to 2.02 | 0.02 -2.09 to 1.97 | -0.03 -2.23 to 1.96 | EFPE_SC_6MG_QW | -0.19 -0.95 to 0.57 | -0.50 -1.23 to 0.27 |
| EFPE_SC_4MG_QW | -0.52 -2.33 to 1.31 | 1.26 -0.72 to 3.20 | 1.15 -0.92 to 3.10 | 1.00 -0.94 to 2.95 | 0.90 -1.20 to 2.82 | 0.90 -1.06 to 2.80 | 0.91 -1.04 to 2.81 | 0.90 -1.01 to 2.87 | 0.84 -1.40 to 2.83 | 0.74 -1.51 to 2.70 | 0.74 -1.15 to 2.61 | 0.79 -1.20 to 2.75 | 0.67 -1.55 to 2.69 | 0.72 -1.23 to 2.59 | 0.71 -1.24 to 2.64 | 0.58 -1.67 to 2.58 | 0.56 -1.55 to 2.50 | 0.58 -1.51 to 2.49 | 0.55 -1.89 to 2.64 | 0.30 -1.95 to 2.30 | 0.22 -1.96 to 2.22 | 0.21 -1.89 to 2.18 | 0.17 -1.96 to 2.12 | 0.19 -0.57 to 0.95 | EFPE_SC_4MG_QW | -0.29 -1.07 to 0.46 |
| EFPE_SC_2MG_QW | -0.21 -2.07 to 1.60 | 1.56 -0.43 to 3.54 | 1.45 -0.66 to 3.40 | 1.29 -0.69 to 3.27 | 1.20 -0.91 to 3.11 | 1.20 -0.79 to 3.09 | 1.22 -0.76 to 3.11 | 1.22 -0.73 to 3.16 | 1.14 -1.13 to 3.14 | 1.05 -1.21 to 3.04 | 1.04 -0.88 to 2.90 | 1.10 -0.87 to 3.04 | 0.98 -1.26 to 2.96 | 1.03 -0.93 to 2.90 | 1.01 -1.01 to 2.96 | 0.88 -1.37 to 2.85 | 0.87 -1.26 to 2.79 | 0.87 -1.25 to 2.82 | 0.85 -1.62 to 2.96 | 0.61 -1.68 to 2.60 | 0.52 -1.70 to 2.54 | 0.50 -1.59 to 2.47 | 0.48 -1.71 to 2.42 | 0.50 -0.27 to 1.23 | 0.29 -0.46 to 1.07 | EFPE_SC_2MG_QW |
Heterogeneity, fit and convergence
Bayesian random effects (primary)
Frequentist check (netmeta)
Inconsistency
No comparison here has both direct and indirect evidence, so inconsistency cannot be checked by node splitting; the between designs Q above is the global check.
Small study effects
Fewer than ten trial comparisons, too few to judge funnel plot asymmetry.
Baseline characteristics of the trials
| Trial | Baseline HbA1c (percent) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 14 of 14 | Background glucose lowering therapy (stratum S0 to S4) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 14 of 14 | Diabetes duration (years) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 11 of 14 | Asian ancestry or region (percent Asian) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 10 of 14 | Age (years) prognostic factor; 14 of 14 | Treatment duration (weeks) effect modifier; 14 of 14 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03068065 S000048 | 9.12 | S0 | not reported | 100 region: all sites in Asia | 47.12 | 24 |
| NCT00775684 S000051 | 6.54 | S0 | 3.89 | not reported | 55.19 | 26.07 |
| NCT00393718 S000330 | 9.27 | S0 | 8.24 | 100 region: all sites in Asia | 58.3 | 52 |
| NCT03010683 S000389 | 8.5 | S0 | not reported | not reported | 50.5 | 26.07 |
| NCT01558271 S000837 | 8.14 | S0 | 6.59 | 98.98 | 57.47 | 52 |
| SUSTAIN™1 S000878 | 8.05 | S0 | 4.2 | 21.4 | 53.73 | 30 |
| NCT01270191 S001002 | 12.35 | S0 | not reported | 100 region: all sites in Asia | 53.18 | 24 |
| AWARD-CHN1 S001064 | 7.97 | S0 | 3.77 | 97.69 | 52.84 | 26 |
| NCT01733758 S001075 | 8.11 | S0 | 6.65 | not reported | 58.25 | 52 |
| NCT00676338 S001966 | 8.53 | S0 | 2.67 | 12.44 Asian subgroup rows | 53.8 | 26 |
| AMPLITUDE-M S002081 | 8.07 | S0 | 5.1 | not reported | 58.51 | 56 |
| NCT02505334 S002164 | 8.12 | S0 | 9.28 | 100 | 55.01 | 26 |
| S002947 S002947 | 8.55 | S0 | 47.4 | 100 region: all sites in Asia | 50.04 | 20 |
| S003108 S003108 | 9.2 | S0 | 8 | 100 region: all sites in Asia | 58 | 24 |
Comparability of the trials
- FlagBaseline, Baseline HbA1c: design means range from 6.5 (EXEN_SC_10UG_BID vs GLIMEPIRIDE vs SITAGLIPTIN) to 12.3 (EXEN_SC_10UG_BID vs INS_NPH) percent; threshold 0.5
- FlagBaseline, Diabetes duration: not reported by 3 of 14 trials
- FlagBaseline, Diabetes duration: design means range from 2.7 (EXENER_SC_2MG_QW vs METFORMIN vs PIOGLITAZONE vs SITAGLIPTIN) to 47.4 (ECNO_SC_0p4MG_QW vs ECNO_SC_0p8MG_QW vs ECNO_SC_1p2MG_QW vs PLACEBO) years; threshold 3
- FlagBaseline, Asian ancestry or region: not reported by 4 of 14 trials
- FlagBaseline, Asian ancestry or region: design means range from 12.4 (EXENER_SC_2MG_QW vs METFORMIN vs PIOGLITAZONE vs SITAGLIPTIN) to 100.0 (ECNO_SC_0p4MG_QW vs ECNO_SC_0p8MG_QW vs ECNO_SC_1p2MG_QW vs PLACEBO) percent Asian; threshold 30
- FlagBaseline, Age: design means range from 47.1 (GLICLAZIDE vs LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD vs METFORMIN) to 58.5 (EFPE_SC_2MG_QW vs EFPE_SC_4MG_QW vs EFPE_SC_6MG_QW vs PLACEBO) years; threshold 10
- FlagBaseline, Treatment duration: design means range from 20.0 (ECNO_SC_0p4MG_QW vs ECNO_SC_0p8MG_QW vs ECNO_SC_1p2MG_QW vs PLACEBO) to 56.0 (EFPE_SC_2MG_QW vs EFPE_SC_4MG_QW vs EFPE_SC_6MG_QW vs PLACEBO) weeks; threshold 26
- NoteOutcome assessment, time point: selected time points span 20 to 30 weeks
- NoteOutcome assessment, analysis set: mixed: completers 3, full_analysis 5, modified_itt 2, randomized 4
- NoteRisk of bias, blinding: mixed: double_blind 8, open_label 4, single_blind 2
- NoteRisk of bias, funding: mixed: industry 9, non_industry 3, not_reported 2
- NoteData handling, input conversions: n_randomized 1
| Trial | time weeks | analysis set | definition | instrument | adjudicated | proportion method | intercurrent events (discontinuation) | intercurrent events (rescue) | start year | blinding | funding | Eligibility |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03068065 | 24 | completers | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2014 | open_label | not_reported | age 18 to 70; drug naive 3 months; HbA1c 7 to 14 percent; BMI 20 to 38; NAFLD on ultrasound |
| NCT00775684 | 26.07 | completers | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2008 | open_label | non_industry | age 18 to 70; fasting glucose 110 to 159 mg/dL off glucose lowering drugs; early T2D or impaired fasting glucose |
| NCT00393718 | 24 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2006 | double_blind | industry | age 20 or older; HbA1c 7.4 to 10.4 percent NGSP; with or without prior oral agents |
| NCT03010683 | 26.07 | randomized | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2015 | single_blind | not_reported | newly diagnosed treatment naive type 2 diabetes; no cardiovascular, liver or kidney disease |
| NCT01558271 | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2012 | double_blind | industry | Japanese; age 20 or more; BMI 18.5 to 35; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; OAM naive or OAM stopped |
| SUSTAIN™1 | 30 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2014 | double_blind | industry | age 18 or older (20 in Japan); HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; drug naive on diet and exercise; eGFR 30 or more |
| NCT01270191 | 26.07 | completers | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2010 | open_label | non_industry | Newly diagnosed drug naive T2D, age 30 to 70, FPG above 300 mg/dL or HbA1c above 9 |
| AWARD-CHN1 | 26 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2012 | double_blind | industry | age 18 or older; BMI 19 to 35 kg/m2; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent OAM naive or 6.5 to 10.0 percent on OAM monotherapy |
| NCT01733758 | 24 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2013 | double_blind | industry | Japanese adults; diet and exercise with or without one oral drug; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent after washout |
| NCT00676338 | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2008 | double_blind | industry | adults, HbA1c 7.1 to 11.0 percent, BMI 23 to 45 kg/m2, drug naive |
| AMPLITUDE-M | 30 | randomized | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2017 | double_blind | industry | type 2 diabetes on diet and exercise, HbA1c 7 to 10 percent, no glucose lowering drug in prior 3 months |
| NCT02505334 | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2015 | open_label | industry | Japanese adults on one oral drug, HbA1c 7.5 to 10.0 percent; randomized if HbA1c 7.0 or more after run in |
| S002947 | 20 | randomized | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2021 | double_blind | industry | age 18 to 65; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; BMI 20 to 35; diet or one oral agent washed out |
| S003108 | 24 | randomized | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | 2012 | single_blind | non_industry | T2D with coronary artery disease; no severe heart failure; creatinine up to 150 umol/L |
Trial data
| Trial | Arm | Treatment | Week | Data | Value | SE | Events / N | Flags | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03068065 | A1 | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | 24 | arm, final | 5.900 | 0.110 | 29 | R0025051:Table 2 | |
| NCT03068065 | A2 | METFORMIN | 24 | arm, final | 6.030 | 0.090 | 29 | R0025051:Table 2 | |
| NCT03068065 | A3 | GLICLAZIDE | 24 | arm, final | 6.470 | 0.170 | 27 | R0025051:Table 2 | |
| NCT00775684 | A1 | EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | 26.07 | arm, change | -0.200 | 0.100 | 14 | R0023972:Table 1 | |
| NCT00775684 | A2 | SITAGLIPTIN | 26.07 | arm, change | -0.010 | 0.100 | 12 | R0023972:Table 1 | |
| NCT00775684 | A3 | GLIMEPIRIDE | 26.07 | arm, change | -0.500 | 0.200 | 14 | R0023972:Table 1 | |
| NCT00393718 | A1 | LIRA_SC_0p9MG_QD | 24 | arm, final | 6.990 | 0.070 | 263 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT00393718 | A2 | GLIBENCLAMIDE | 24 | arm, final | 7.500 | 0.090 | 130 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT03010683 | A1 | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | 26.07 | arm, final | 7.000 | 0.219 | 30 | R0016601:Table 2 | |
| NCT03010683 | A2 | METFORMIN | 26.07 | arm, final | 7.700 | 0.183 | 30 | R0016601:Table 2 | |
| NCT01558271 | A1 | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -1.430 | 0.050 | 280 | R0011901:Results | |
| NCT01558271 | A2 | LIRA_SC_0p9MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -1.330 | 0.070 | 136 | R0011901:Results | |
| NCT01558271 | A3 | PLACEBO | 26 | arm, change | 0.140 | 0.100 | 68 | R0011901:Results | |
| SUSTAIN™1 | A1 | SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW | 30 | arm, change | -1.470 | 0.090 | 128 | registry:outcomes | |
| SUSTAIN™1 | A2 | SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | 30 | arm, change | -1.560 | 0.111 | 130 | registry:outcomes | |
| SUSTAIN™1 | A3 | PLACEBO | 30 | arm, change | 0.000 | 0.079 | 129 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT01270191 | A1 | INS_NPH | 26.07 | arm, final | 6.600 | 0.235 | 17 | R0012661:Table 2 | |
| NCT01270191 | A2 | EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | 26.07 | arm, final | 6.880 | 0.190 | 16 | R0012661:Table 2 | |
| AWARD-CHN1 | A1 | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -1.480 | 0.070 | 239 | R0014229:Results | |
| AWARD-CHN1 | A2 | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -1.220 | 0.070 | 239 | R0014229:Results | |
| AWARD-CHN1 | A3 | GLIMEPIRIDE | 26 | arm, change | -0.900 | 0.070 | 245 | n_randomized | R0014229:Results |
| NCT01733758 | A1 | PLACEBO | 24 | arm, change | 0.250 | 0.068 | 77 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT01733758 | A2 | ALBI_SC_30MG_QW | 24 | arm, change | -1.100 | 0.047 | 159 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT01733758 | A3 | ALBI_SC_50MG_QW | 24 | arm, change | -1.300 | 0.049 | 150 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT01733758 | A4 | LIRA_SC_0p9MG_QD | 24 | arm, change | -1.190 | 0.063 | 103 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT00676338 | A1 | EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -1.530 | 0.070 | 218 | R0027761:Results | |
| NCT00676338 | A2 | METFORMIN | 26 | arm, change | -1.480 | 0.070 | 218 | R0027761:Results | |
| NCT00676338 | A3 | PIOGLITAZONE | 26 | arm, change | -1.630 | 0.080 | 137 | R0027761:Results | |
| NCT00676338 | A4 | SITAGLIPTIN | 26 | arm, change | -1.150 | 0.080 | 142 | R0027761:Results | |
| AMPLITUDE-M | A1 | EFPE_SC_2MG_QW | 30 | arm, change | -1.100 | 0.100 | 100 | R0007136:Results | |
| AMPLITUDE-M | A2 | EFPE_SC_4MG_QW | 30 | arm, change | -1.400 | 0.100 | 101 | R0007136:Results | |
| AMPLITUDE-M | A3 | EFPE_SC_6MG_QW | 30 | arm, change | -1.600 | 0.100 | 103 | R0007136:Results | |
| AMPLITUDE-M | A4 | PLACEBO | 30 | arm, change | -0.600 | 1.200 | 102 | R0007136:Results | |
| NCT02505334 | A1 | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -0.230 | 0.060 | 233 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT02505334 | A2 | LIRA_SC_0p9MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | 0.170 | 0.060 | 233 | registry:outcomes | |
| S002947 | A1 | ECNO_SC_0p4MG_QW | 20 | arm, change | -1.810 | 0.150 | 33 | R0006482:Results | |
| S002947 | A2 | ECNO_SC_0p8MG_QW | 20 | arm, change | -1.900 | 0.150 | 31 | R0006482:Results | |
| S002947 | A3 | ECNO_SC_1p2MG_QW | 20 | arm, change | -2.390 | 0.150 | 32 | R0006482:Results | |
| S002947 | A4 | PLACEBO | 20 | arm, change | -0.550 | 0.150 | 33 | R0006482:Results | |
| S003108 | A1 | LIRA_SC_FLEX_0p6-1p2-1p8_QD | 24 | arm, final | 6.800 | 0.146 | 30 | R0025278:Table 2 | |
| S003108 | A2 | METFORMIN | 24 | arm, final | 6.900 | 0.128 | 30 | R0025278:Table 2 | |
| S003108 | A3 | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | 24 | arm, final | 6.800 | 0.164 | 30 | R0025278:Table 2 | |
| S003108 | A4 | LIRAMETF_SC_1p2-1500MG_QD | 24 | arm, final | 6.700 | 0.128 | 30 | R0025278:Table 2 |
Rerun this analysis yourself
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