Network meta-analysis
Body weight change in kilograms (diabetes)
Type 2 diabetes (adults); background therapy: one or more non insulin glucose lowering drugs
weeks 20 to 36 (target week 26)Hypothetical (as if everyone stayed on treatment)Each dose separatelyMean difference
23
Randomized trials
22
Treatments
13,888
Participants
65
Trial arms
In plain language
Across 23 trials with 13,888 participants, 14 of 21 treatments had a clearly better result than placebo on body weight change in kilograms (diabetes), 1 a clearly worse one, and for 6 the evidence could not tell them apart from placebo. The most favorable estimate was for tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly: mean difference -8.64 kg (95% credible interval -9.95 to -7.40).
- Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly: among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly: among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly: among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly: among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet): among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly: better than placebo but not among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Empagliflozin: among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly: among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet): among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Dapagliflozin: not convincingly different from placebo (certainty pending).
- Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily: better than placebo but not among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily: better than placebo but not among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly: better than placebo but not among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly: not convincingly different from placebo (certainty pending).
- Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily: better than placebo but not among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet): better than placebo but not among the most effective (certainty pending).
- Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly: not convincingly different from placebo (certainty pending).
- Sitagliptin: not convincingly different from placebo (certainty pending).
- Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly: not convincingly different from placebo (certainty pending).
- IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated: not convincingly different from placebo (certainty pending).
- Insulin glargine: worse than placebo (certainty pending).
Lower values favor the treatment. "Clearly" means the 95% credible interval excludes no difference. These are averages across trials; they do not say how any one person will respond. Not medical advice.
Network of trials
Each circle is a treatment; each line joins treatments that were randomized against each other in at least one trial.
Effects compared with Placebo
Mean difference in kg. Lower values favor the treatment.
| Treatment | Bayesian MD (95% CrI) | 95% prediction interval | Frequentist MD (95% CI) | Verdict | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW | -8.64 (-9.95 to -7.40) | -10.35 to -7.04 | -8.69 (-9.93 to -7.44) | Better | pending |
| Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW | -7.44 (-8.68 to -6.23) | -9.11 to -5.81 | -7.49 (-8.72 to -6.26) | Better | pending |
| Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | -5.05 (-6.24 to -3.76) | -6.67 to -3.35 | -5.09 (-6.32 to -3.87) | Better | pending |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | -3.87 (-4.75 to -2.95) | -5.31 to -2.48 | -3.90 (-4.77 to -3.03) | Better | pending |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | -3.16 (-3.94 to -2.37) | -4.53 to -1.85 | -3.20 (-3.94 to -2.45) | Better | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly DAPAEXEN_SC_2-10MG_QW | -3.09 (-5.36 to -0.90) | -5.61 to -0.69 | -3.16 (-5.29 to -1.03) | Better | pending |
| Empagliflozin EMPAGLIFLOZIN | -2.76 (-4.20 to -1.29) | -4.62 to -0.94 | -2.80 (-4.17 to -1.42) | Better | pending |
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW | -2.67 (-3.95 to -1.37) | -4.36 to -0.93 | -2.70 (-3.93 to -1.47) | Better | pending |
| Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) SEMA_PO_7MG_QD | -2.10 (-2.99 to -1.20) | -3.53 to -0.71 | -2.13 (-2.97 to -1.29) | Better | pending |
| Dapagliflozin DAPAGLIFLOZIN | -1.76 (-4.01 to 0.40) | -4.32 to 0.71 | -1.83 (-3.96 to 0.30) | Unclear | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | -1.73 (-2.43 to -1.03) | -3.04 to -0.40 | -1.75 (-2.42 to -1.08) | Better | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | -1.70 (-2.83 to -0.55) | -3.29 to -0.11 | -1.72 (-2.82 to -0.62) | Better | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | -1.26 (-1.90 to -0.64) | -2.50 to -0.01 | -1.27 (-1.88 to -0.67) | Better | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | -1.12 (-2.88 to 0.62) | -3.22 to 0.95 | -1.17 (-2.87 to 0.53) | Unclear | pending |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily LIXI_SC_20UG_QD | -1.06 (-1.93 to -0.17) | -2.48 to 0.34 | -1.07 (-1.93 to -0.22) | Better | pending |
| Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) SEMA_PO_3MG_QD | -0.91 (-1.78 to -0.02) | -2.29 to 0.51 | -0.93 (-1.77 to -0.09) | Better | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | -0.46 (-1.15 to 0.21) | -1.78 to 0.83 | -0.48 (-1.14 to 0.19) | Unclear | pending |
| Sitagliptin SITAGLIPTIN | -0.07 (-0.83 to 0.70) | -1.40 to 1.26 | -0.10 (-0.82 to 0.63) | Unclear | pending |
| Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW | 0.14 (-1.84 to 2.19) | -2.17 to 2.42 | 0.11 (-1.89 to 2.11) | Unclear | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated IGLARLIXI2_SC_TIT_QD | 0.57 (-0.62 to 1.66) | -1.05 to 2.13 | 0.54 (-0.56 to 1.63) | Unclear | pending |
| Insulin glargine INS_GLARGINE | 1.57 (0.64 to 2.50) | 0.10 to 3.00 | 1.55 (0.68 to 2.42) | Worse | pending |
Confidence in the results
How much each comparison can be trusted, rated with CINeMA in six domains and summarized with GRADE.
| Comparison | Within study bias | Reporting bias | Indirectness | Imprecision | Heterogeneity | Incoherence | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | none | none | none | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | none | some | none | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | some | none | none | pending |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | none | none | none | pending |
| Sitagliptin versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | some | some | some | pending |
| Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
Every other comparison (210)
| Comparison | Within study bias | Reporting bias | Indirectness | Imprecision | Heterogeneity | Incoherence | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Dapagliflozin | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | some | none | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Empagliflozin | pending | some | pending | major | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Empagliflozin | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Empagliflozin | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Empagliflozin | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily | pending | some | pending | none | major | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Insulin glargine | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Insulin glargine | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Insulin glargine | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Insulin glargine | pending | some | pending | some | none | none | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Insulin glargine | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Insulin glargine | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Insulin glargine | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Insulin glargine | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | major | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | none | none | none | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | none | major | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | none | none | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | some | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | major | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | none | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | major | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | none | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | none | pending |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | major | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | major | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | some | none | none | pending |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | none | some | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | none | some | none | pending |
| Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | some | none | none | pending |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | none | some | none | pending |
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Sitagliptin | pending | some | pending | none | none | none | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | some | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Sitagliptin versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | some | some | pending |
| Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Sitagliptin versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Sitagliptin versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release and dapagliflozin 2 to 10 mg injection once weekly versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Dapagliflozin versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Empagliflozin versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Exenatide extended release 2 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Insulin glargine versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Sitagliptin versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | none | none | some | pending |
| Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly | pending | some | pending | some | none | some | pending |
Ranking
How likely each treatment is to be among the best. Rankings ignore the size of differences and their certainty, so read them with the effects above.
Rank probabilities
| Treatment | Rank 1 | Rank 2 | Rank 3 | Rank 4 | Rank 5 | Rank 6 | Rank 7 | Rank 8 | Rank 9 | Rank 10 | Rank 11 | Rank 12 | Rank 13 | Rank 14 | Rank 15 | Rank 16 | Rank 17 | Rank 18 | Rank 19 | Rank 20 | Rank 21 | Rank 22 | Mean rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW | 98% | 2% | 1.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW | 2% | 98% | 2.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | 91% | 7% | 2% | 3.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | 2% | 65% | 23% | 7% | 2% | 1% | 4.5 | ||||||||||||||||
| SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | 4% | 32% | 37% | 19% | 6% | 2% | 6.0 | ||||||||||||||||
| DAPAEXEN_SC_2-10MG_QW | 6% | 18% | 19% | 12% | 14% | 11% | 7% | 5% | 2% | 2% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 6.6 | |||||||||
| EMPAGLIFLOZIN | 1% | 4% | 11% | 20% | 23% | 17% | 10% | 6% | 3% | 2% | 1% | 1% | 7.4 | ||||||||||
| SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW | 1% | 10% | 16% | 23% | 22% | 11% | 7% | 4% | 3% | 2% | 1% | 7.7 | |||||||||||
| SEMA_PO_7MG_QD | 1% | 7% | 21% | 27% | 19% | 12% | 8% | 4% | 2% | 9.5 | |||||||||||||
| LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | 1% | 5% | 13% | 21% | 21% | 17% | 14% | 5% | 2% | 11.0 | |||||||||||||
| EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | 1% | 2% | 5% | 11% | 17% | 21% | 17% | 12% | 7% | 4% | 2% | 1% | 11.3 | ||||||||||
| DAPAGLIFLOZIN | 1% | 3% | 5% | 7% | 10% | 11% | 11% | 9% | 8% | 7% | 7% | 6% | 5% | 3% | 2% | 2% | 2% | 1% | 11.3 | ||||
| DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | 1% | 3% | 9% | 16% | 22% | 27% | 15% | 6% | 1% | 13.3 | |||||||||||||
| LIXI_SC_20UG_QD | 1% | 3% | 6% | 9% | 13% | 18% | 22% | 17% | 8% | 2% | 1% | 14.2 | |||||||||||
| EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | 1% | 2% | 4% | 6% | 8% | 10% | 12% | 11% | 11% | 11% | 8% | 6% | 4% | 4% | 2% | 14.2 | |||||||
| SEMA_PO_3MG_QD | 1% | 3% | 6% | 10% | 14% | 22% | 26% | 11% | 4% | 1% | 14.9 | ||||||||||||
| DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | 1% | 3% | 9% | 18% | 38% | 21% | 7% | 2% | 16.9 | ||||||||||||||
| TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW | 1% | 1% | 1% | 2% | 2% | 4% | 4% | 6% | 8% | 10% | 9% | 18% | 23% | 9% | 18.5 | ||||||||
| SITAGLIPTIN | 2% | 4% | 12% | 26% | 29% | 21% | 5% | 18.6 | |||||||||||||||
| PLACEBO | 2% | 7% | 23% | 38% | 25% | 5% | 18.9 | ||||||||||||||||
| IGLARLIXI2_SC_TIT_QD | 1% | 1% | 3% | 5% | 9% | 27% | 52% | 3% | 20.2 | ||||||||||||||
| INS_GLARGINE | 1% | 12% | 87% | 21.9 |
League table
Every treatment against every other: mean difference of the row treatment versus the column treatment, posterior median and 95% credible interval. Green: row clearly better; red: row clearly worse.
| Row versus column | PLACEBO | TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW | TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW | TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | DAPAEXEN_SC_2-10MG_QW | EMPAGLIFLOZIN | SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW | SEMA_PO_7MG_QD | DAPAGLIFLOZIN | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | LIXI_SC_20UG_QD | SEMA_PO_3MG_QD | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | SITAGLIPTIN | TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW | IGLARLIXI2_SC_TIT_QD | INS_GLARGINE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLACEBO | PLACEBO | 8.64 7.40 to 9.95 | 7.44 6.23 to 8.68 | 5.05 3.76 to 6.24 | 3.87 2.95 to 4.75 | 3.16 2.37 to 3.94 | 3.09 0.90 to 5.36 | 2.76 1.29 to 4.20 | 2.67 1.37 to 3.95 | 2.10 1.20 to 2.99 | 1.76 -0.40 to 4.01 | 1.73 1.03 to 2.43 | 1.70 0.55 to 2.83 | 1.26 0.64 to 1.90 | 1.12 -0.62 to 2.88 | 1.06 0.17 to 1.93 | 0.91 0.02 to 1.78 | 0.46 -0.21 to 1.15 | 0.07 -0.70 to 0.83 | -0.14 -2.19 to 1.84 | -0.57 -1.66 to 0.62 | -1.57 -2.50 to -0.64 |
| TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW | -8.64 -9.95 to -7.40 | TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW | -1.19 -2.38 to -0.09 | -3.58 -4.87 to -2.47 | -4.77 -5.94 to -3.63 | -5.47 -6.92 to -4.10 | -5.53 -8.07 to -3.04 | -5.86 -7.77 to -4.08 | -5.98 -7.62 to -4.45 | -6.53 -8.01 to -5.16 | -6.87 -9.44 to -4.36 | -6.90 -8.30 to -5.59 | -6.94 -8.66 to -5.30 | -7.38 -8.73 to -6.09 | -7.52 -9.68 to -5.34 | -7.57 -9.09 to -6.10 | -7.72 -9.23 to -6.32 | -8.17 -9.54 to -6.86 | -8.57 -9.92 to -7.28 | -8.79 -10.87 to -6.71 | -9.18 -10.89 to -7.57 | -10.20 -11.71 to -8.79 |
| TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW | -7.44 -8.68 to -6.23 | 1.19 0.09 to 2.38 | TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW | -2.40 -3.57 to -1.28 | -3.57 -4.70 to -2.45 | -4.27 -5.70 to -2.91 | -4.34 -6.84 to -1.85 | -4.67 -6.50 to -2.86 | -4.77 -6.34 to -3.22 | -5.33 -6.79 to -3.94 | -5.68 -8.21 to -3.19 | -5.71 -7.06 to -4.40 | -5.75 -7.39 to -4.08 | -6.18 -7.49 to -4.92 | -6.32 -8.48 to -4.23 | -6.38 -7.90 to -4.92 | -6.53 -7.99 to -5.13 | -6.97 -8.34 to -5.67 | -7.37 -8.71 to -6.07 | -7.60 -9.68 to -5.49 | -8.00 -9.63 to -6.37 | -9.01 -10.48 to -7.56 |
| TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | -5.05 -6.24 to -3.76 | 3.58 2.47 to 4.87 | 2.40 1.28 to 3.57 | TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | -1.19 -2.26 to -0.03 | -1.89 -3.22 to -0.48 | -1.96 -4.41 to 0.60 | -2.29 -4.09 to -0.42 | -2.38 -3.90 to -0.79 | -2.95 -4.32 to -1.50 | -3.26 -5.75 to -0.70 | -3.31 -4.62 to -1.94 | -3.36 -5.01 to -1.62 | -3.81 -5.02 to -2.45 | -3.92 -6.01 to -1.76 | -3.99 -5.40 to -2.48 | -4.14 -5.55 to -2.69 | -4.59 -5.89 to -3.17 | -4.99 -6.22 to -3.63 | -5.19 -7.27 to -3.09 | -5.61 -7.16 to -3.97 | -6.62 -8.04 to -5.11 |
| SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | -3.87 -4.75 to -2.95 | 4.77 3.63 to 5.94 | 3.57 2.45 to 4.70 | 1.19 0.03 to 2.26 | SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | -0.70 -1.74 to 0.33 | -0.78 -3.12 to 1.58 | -1.09 -2.66 to 0.47 | -1.20 -2.40 to 0.00 | -1.76 -2.86 to -0.69 | -2.11 -4.47 to 0.32 | -2.13 -3.15 to -1.14 | -2.17 -3.63 to -0.74 | -2.61 -3.61 to -1.63 | -2.75 -4.66 to -0.79 | -2.81 -3.96 to -1.66 | -2.96 -4.06 to -1.85 | -3.40 -4.42 to -2.36 | -3.80 -4.70 to -2.90 | -4.00 -6.10 to -1.93 | -4.43 -5.78 to -3.04 | -5.43 -6.61 to -4.24 |
| SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | -3.16 -3.94 to -2.37 | 5.47 4.10 to 6.92 | 4.27 2.91 to 5.70 | 1.89 0.48 to 3.22 | 0.70 -0.33 to 1.74 | SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | -0.08 -2.35 to 2.24 | -0.41 -1.63 to 0.79 | -0.51 -1.82 to 0.82 | -1.06 -1.76 to -0.38 | -1.40 -3.68 to 0.94 | -1.43 -2.24 to -0.63 | -1.47 -2.78 to -0.19 | -1.91 -2.75 to -1.03 | -2.05 -3.91 to -0.19 | -2.11 -3.13 to -1.06 | -2.26 -2.94 to -1.60 | -2.70 -3.52 to -1.86 | -3.10 -3.79 to -2.41 | -3.30 -5.41 to -1.19 | -3.73 -4.96 to -2.44 | -4.73 -5.77 to -3.66 |
| DAPAEXEN_SC_2-10MG_QW | -3.09 -5.36 to -0.90 | 5.53 3.04 to 8.07 | 4.34 1.85 to 6.84 | 1.96 -0.60 to 4.41 | 0.78 -1.58 to 3.12 | 0.08 -2.24 to 2.35 | DAPAEXEN_SC_2-10MG_QW | -0.33 -2.96 to 2.26 | -0.43 -2.99 to 2.13 | -0.99 -3.34 to 1.31 | -1.32 -2.67 to 0.00 | -1.34 -3.64 to 0.84 | -1.41 -3.32 to 0.54 | -1.82 -4.07 to 0.34 | -1.97 -3.31 to -0.58 | -2.01 -4.42 to 0.26 | -2.18 -4.54 to 0.13 | -2.62 -4.91 to -0.41 | -3.02 -5.29 to -0.73 | -3.25 -6.21 to -0.32 | -3.63 -6.07 to -1.28 | -4.65 -7.03 to -2.38 |
| EMPAGLIFLOZIN | -2.76 -4.20 to -1.29 | 5.86 4.08 to 7.77 | 4.67 2.86 to 6.50 | 2.29 0.42 to 4.09 | 1.09 -0.47 to 2.66 | 0.41 -0.79 to 1.63 | 0.33 -2.26 to 2.96 | EMPAGLIFLOZIN | -0.12 -1.82 to 1.70 | -0.66 -2.03 to 0.74 | -1.00 -3.62 to 1.58 | -1.03 -2.48 to 0.41 | -1.07 -2.80 to 0.74 | -1.50 -2.99 to -0.00 | -1.66 -3.84 to 0.63 | -1.71 -3.25 to -0.09 | -1.86 -3.23 to -0.46 | -2.30 -3.76 to -0.81 | -2.70 -4.05 to -1.28 | -2.90 -5.33 to -0.40 | -3.33 -5.02 to -1.56 | -4.33 -5.93 to -2.72 |
| SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW | -2.67 -3.95 to -1.37 | 5.98 4.45 to 7.62 | 4.77 3.22 to 6.34 | 2.38 0.79 to 3.90 | 1.20 -0.00 to 2.40 | 0.51 -0.82 to 1.82 | 0.43 -2.13 to 2.99 | 0.12 -1.70 to 1.82 | SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW | -0.56 -1.93 to 0.79 | -0.91 -3.39 to 1.68 | -0.93 -2.31 to 0.43 | -0.97 -2.65 to 0.75 | -1.41 -2.74 to -0.04 | -1.54 -3.70 to 0.60 | -1.61 -3.06 to -0.15 | -1.76 -3.13 to -0.39 | -2.19 -3.58 to -0.82 | -2.59 -3.82 to -1.43 | -2.80 -5.09 to -0.55 | -3.21 -4.84 to -1.56 | -4.23 -5.71 to -2.73 |
| SEMA_PO_7MG_QD | -2.10 -2.99 to -1.20 | 6.53 5.16 to 8.01 | 5.33 3.94 to 6.79 | 2.95 1.50 to 4.32 | 1.76 0.69 to 2.86 | 1.06 0.38 to 1.76 | 0.99 -1.31 to 3.34 | 0.66 -0.74 to 2.03 | 0.56 -0.79 to 1.93 | SEMA_PO_7MG_QD | -0.34 -2.66 to 2.01 | -0.37 -1.30 to 0.57 | -0.41 -1.76 to 0.99 | -0.85 -1.77 to 0.13 | -0.98 -2.86 to 0.92 | -1.06 -2.13 to 0.08 | -1.20 -1.89 to -0.50 | -1.64 -2.53 to -0.73 | -2.03 -2.76 to -1.30 | -2.23 -4.35 to -0.12 | -2.67 -3.92 to -1.31 | -3.67 -4.80 to -2.56 |
| DAPAGLIFLOZIN | -1.76 -4.01 to 0.40 | 6.87 4.36 to 9.44 | 5.68 3.19 to 8.21 | 3.26 0.70 to 5.75 | 2.11 -0.32 to 4.47 | 1.40 -0.94 to 3.68 | 1.32 -0.00 to 2.67 | 1.00 -1.58 to 3.62 | 0.91 -1.68 to 3.39 | 0.34 -2.01 to 2.66 | DAPAGLIFLOZIN | -0.03 -2.33 to 2.23 | -0.08 -1.97 to 1.89 | -0.49 -2.72 to 1.69 | -0.65 -1.97 to 0.72 | -0.70 -3.11 to 1.59 | -0.86 -3.22 to 1.43 | -1.29 -3.58 to 0.91 | -1.70 -4.04 to 0.57 | -1.90 -4.89 to 1.04 | -2.33 -4.79 to 0.08 | -3.32 -5.72 to -0.99 |
| LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | -1.73 -2.43 to -1.03 | 6.90 5.59 to 8.30 | 5.71 4.40 to 7.06 | 3.31 1.94 to 4.62 | 2.13 1.14 to 3.15 | 1.43 0.63 to 2.24 | 1.34 -0.84 to 3.64 | 1.03 -0.41 to 2.48 | 0.93 -0.43 to 2.31 | 0.37 -0.57 to 1.30 | 0.03 -2.23 to 2.33 | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | -0.04 -1.28 to 1.24 | -0.48 -1.26 to 0.32 | -0.61 -2.44 to 1.21 | -0.68 -1.71 to 0.36 | -0.83 -1.74 to 0.07 | -1.26 -2.12 to -0.40 | -1.67 -2.46 to -0.89 | -1.87 -3.98 to 0.20 | -2.29 -3.51 to -1.01 | -3.30 -4.34 to -2.25 |
| EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | -1.70 -2.83 to -0.55 | 6.94 5.30 to 8.66 | 5.75 4.08 to 7.39 | 3.36 1.62 to 5.01 | 2.17 0.74 to 3.63 | 1.47 0.19 to 2.78 | 1.41 -0.54 to 3.32 | 1.07 -0.74 to 2.80 | 0.97 -0.75 to 2.65 | 0.41 -0.99 to 1.76 | 0.08 -1.89 to 1.97 | 0.04 -1.24 to 1.28 | EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | -0.43 -1.56 to 0.69 | -0.57 -1.94 to 0.78 | -0.64 -2.03 to 0.74 | -0.79 -2.15 to 0.58 | -1.23 -2.38 to -0.09 | -1.62 -2.95 to -0.33 | -1.83 -4.15 to 0.44 | -2.25 -3.80 to -0.68 | -3.25 -4.63 to -1.90 |
| DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | -1.26 -1.90 to -0.64 | 7.38 6.09 to 8.73 | 6.18 4.92 to 7.49 | 3.81 2.45 to 5.02 | 2.61 1.63 to 3.61 | 1.91 1.03 to 2.75 | 1.82 -0.34 to 4.07 | 1.50 0.00 to 2.99 | 1.41 0.04 to 2.74 | 0.85 -0.13 to 1.77 | 0.49 -1.69 to 2.72 | 0.48 -0.32 to 1.26 | 0.43 -0.69 to 1.56 | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | -0.14 -1.90 to 1.58 | -0.20 -1.20 to 0.79 | -0.35 -1.32 to 0.58 | -0.79 -1.43 to -0.16 | -1.18 -2.05 to -0.36 | -1.39 -3.43 to 0.59 | -1.81 -2.97 to -0.64 | -2.82 -3.67 to -1.99 |
| EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | -1.12 -2.88 to 0.62 | 7.52 5.34 to 9.68 | 6.32 4.23 to 8.48 | 3.92 1.76 to 6.01 | 2.75 0.79 to 4.66 | 2.05 0.19 to 3.91 | 1.97 0.58 to 3.31 | 1.66 -0.63 to 3.84 | 1.54 -0.60 to 3.70 | 0.98 -0.92 to 2.86 | 0.65 -0.72 to 1.97 | 0.61 -1.21 to 2.44 | 0.57 -0.78 to 1.94 | 0.14 -1.58 to 1.90 | EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | -0.04 -1.95 to 1.85 | -0.23 -2.11 to 1.72 | -0.66 -2.41 to 1.12 | -1.06 -2.90 to 0.83 | -1.27 -3.92 to 1.40 | -1.66 -3.71 to 0.31 | -2.67 -4.63 to -0.80 |
| LIXI_SC_20UG_QD | -1.06 -1.93 to -0.17 | 7.57 6.10 to 9.09 | 6.38 4.92 to 7.90 | 3.99 2.48 to 5.40 | 2.81 1.66 to 3.96 | 2.11 1.06 to 3.13 | 2.01 -0.26 to 4.42 | 1.71 0.09 to 3.25 | 1.61 0.15 to 3.06 | 1.06 -0.08 to 2.13 | 0.70 -1.59 to 3.11 | 0.68 -0.36 to 1.71 | 0.64 -0.74 to 2.03 | 0.20 -0.79 to 1.20 | 0.04 -1.85 to 1.95 | LIXI_SC_20UG_QD | -0.15 -1.25 to 0.92 | -0.60 -1.54 to 0.41 | -0.99 -1.95 to -0.06 | -1.18 -3.37 to 0.95 | -1.62 -2.61 to -0.59 | -2.62 -3.70 to -1.56 |
| SEMA_PO_3MG_QD | -0.91 -1.78 to -0.02 | 7.72 6.32 to 9.23 | 6.53 5.13 to 7.99 | 4.14 2.69 to 5.55 | 2.96 1.85 to 4.06 | 2.26 1.60 to 2.94 | 2.18 -0.13 to 4.54 | 1.86 0.46 to 3.23 | 1.76 0.39 to 3.13 | 1.20 0.50 to 1.89 | 0.86 -1.43 to 3.22 | 0.83 -0.07 to 1.74 | 0.79 -0.58 to 2.15 | 0.35 -0.58 to 1.32 | 0.23 -1.72 to 2.11 | 0.15 -0.92 to 1.25 | SEMA_PO_3MG_QD | -0.45 -1.31 to 0.46 | -0.83 -1.57 to -0.10 | -1.04 -3.18 to 1.07 | -1.47 -2.72 to -0.14 | -2.48 -3.56 to -1.35 |
| DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | -0.46 -1.15 to 0.21 | 8.17 6.86 to 9.54 | 6.97 5.67 to 8.34 | 4.59 3.17 to 5.89 | 3.40 2.36 to 4.42 | 2.70 1.86 to 3.52 | 2.62 0.41 to 4.91 | 2.30 0.81 to 3.76 | 2.19 0.82 to 3.58 | 1.64 0.73 to 2.53 | 1.29 -0.91 to 3.58 | 1.26 0.40 to 2.12 | 1.23 0.09 to 2.38 | 0.79 0.16 to 1.43 | 0.66 -1.12 to 2.41 | 0.60 -0.41 to 1.54 | 0.45 -0.46 to 1.31 | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | -0.39 -1.27 to 0.45 | -0.60 -2.68 to 1.43 | -1.02 -2.18 to 0.12 | -2.02 -2.82 to -1.28 |
| SITAGLIPTIN | -0.07 -0.83 to 0.70 | 8.57 7.28 to 9.92 | 7.37 6.07 to 8.71 | 4.99 3.63 to 6.22 | 3.80 2.90 to 4.70 | 3.10 2.41 to 3.79 | 3.02 0.73 to 5.29 | 2.70 1.28 to 4.05 | 2.59 1.43 to 3.82 | 2.03 1.30 to 2.76 | 1.70 -0.57 to 4.04 | 1.67 0.89 to 2.46 | 1.62 0.33 to 2.95 | 1.18 0.36 to 2.05 | 1.06 -0.83 to 2.90 | 0.99 0.06 to 1.95 | 0.83 0.10 to 1.57 | 0.39 -0.45 to 1.27 | SITAGLIPTIN | -0.20 -2.28 to 1.83 | -0.63 -1.80 to 0.61 | -1.63 -2.69 to -0.60 |
| TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW | 0.14 -1.84 to 2.19 | 8.79 6.71 to 10.87 | 7.60 5.49 to 9.68 | 5.19 3.09 to 7.27 | 4.00 1.93 to 6.10 | 3.30 1.19 to 5.41 | 3.25 0.32 to 6.21 | 2.90 0.40 to 5.33 | 2.80 0.55 to 5.09 | 2.23 0.12 to 4.35 | 1.90 -1.04 to 4.89 | 1.87 -0.20 to 3.98 | 1.83 -0.44 to 4.15 | 1.39 -0.59 to 3.43 | 1.27 -1.40 to 3.92 | 1.18 -0.95 to 3.37 | 1.04 -1.07 to 3.18 | 0.60 -1.43 to 2.68 | 0.20 -1.83 to 2.28 | TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW | -0.43 -2.66 to 1.87 | -1.44 -3.51 to 0.78 |
| IGLARLIXI2_SC_TIT_QD | 0.57 -0.62 to 1.66 | 9.18 7.57 to 10.89 | 8.00 6.37 to 9.63 | 5.61 3.97 to 7.16 | 4.43 3.04 to 5.78 | 3.73 2.44 to 4.96 | 3.63 1.28 to 6.07 | 3.33 1.56 to 5.02 | 3.21 1.56 to 4.84 | 2.67 1.31 to 3.92 | 2.33 -0.08 to 4.79 | 2.29 1.01 to 3.51 | 2.25 0.68 to 3.80 | 1.81 0.64 to 2.97 | 1.66 -0.31 to 3.71 | 1.62 0.59 to 2.61 | 1.47 0.14 to 2.72 | 1.02 -0.12 to 2.18 | 0.63 -0.61 to 1.80 | 0.43 -1.87 to 2.66 | IGLARLIXI2_SC_TIT_QD | -1.01 -2.08 to 0.05 |
| INS_GLARGINE | 1.57 0.64 to 2.50 | 10.20 8.79 to 11.71 | 9.01 7.56 to 10.48 | 6.62 5.11 to 8.04 | 5.43 4.24 to 6.61 | 4.73 3.66 to 5.77 | 4.65 2.38 to 7.03 | 4.33 2.72 to 5.93 | 4.23 2.73 to 5.71 | 3.67 2.56 to 4.80 | 3.32 0.99 to 5.72 | 3.30 2.25 to 4.34 | 3.25 1.90 to 4.63 | 2.82 1.99 to 3.67 | 2.67 0.80 to 4.63 | 2.62 1.56 to 3.70 | 2.48 1.35 to 3.56 | 2.02 1.28 to 2.82 | 1.63 0.60 to 2.69 | 1.44 -0.78 to 3.51 | 1.01 -0.05 to 2.08 | INS_GLARGINE |
Heterogeneity, fit and convergence
Bayesian random effects (primary)
Frequentist check (netmeta)
Inconsistency
Do trials comparing two treatments directly agree with the indirect evidence through other treatments?
| Comparison | Trials | Direct | Indirect | Network | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | 3 | 0.78 0.08 to 1.49 | 0.83 -0.46 to 2.11 | 0.79 0.18 to 1.41 | 0.952 |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | 1 | 1.32 0.09 to 2.55 | 0.98 -1.28 to 3.24 | 1.24 0.16 to 2.32 | 0.795 |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Insulin glargine DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:INS_GLARGINE | 2 | -1.93 -2.73 to -1.13 | -2.46 -4.14 to -0.79 | -2.03 -2.75 to -1.31 | 0.575 |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:PLACEBO | 2 | -0.74 -1.67 to 0.20 | -0.21 -1.16 to 0.73 | -0.48 -1.14 to 0.19 | 0.437 |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | 1 | 2.60 1.37 to 3.83 | 2.80 1.78 to 3.82 | 2.72 1.93 to 3.50 | 0.806 |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:SEMA_PO_3MG_QD | 1 | 0.40 -0.83 to 1.63 | 0.50 -0.66 to 1.66 | 0.45 -0.39 to 1.30 | 0.910 |
| Dulaglutide 0.75 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:SEMA_PO_7MG_QD | 1 | 1.50 0.27 to 2.73 | 1.79 0.62 to 2.96 | 1.65 0.81 to 2.50 | 0.736 |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | 1 | -0.20 -1.43 to 1.03 | 2.49 0.31 to 4.67 | 0.45 -0.62 to 1.52 | 0.035 |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Insulin glargine DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:INS_GLARGINE | 1 | -2.83 -3.98 to -1.68 | -2.82 -3.97 to -1.66 | -2.82 -3.64 to -2.01 | 0.988 |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | 1 | 0.71 -0.47 to 1.89 | 0.34 -0.61 to 1.28 | 0.48 -0.25 to 1.22 | 0.626 |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:PLACEBO | 4 | -1.47 -2.20 to -0.74 | -0.83 -1.91 to 0.25 | -1.27 -1.88 to -0.67 | 0.334 |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW | 1 | 6.00 3.59 to 8.41 | 6.31 4.80 to 7.82 | 6.22 4.94 to 7.50 | 0.831 |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW | 1 | 8.60 6.09 to 11.11 | 6.99 5.48 to 8.50 | 7.42 6.12 to 8.71 | 0.282 |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW | 1 | -1.80 -4.21 to 0.61 | -0.40 -4.10 to 3.29 | -1.38 -3.40 to 0.63 | 0.535 |
| Dulaglutide 1.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | 1 | 2.10 -0.27 to 4.47 | 4.53 3.01 to 6.04 | 3.82 2.55 to 5.10 | 0.091 |
| Exenatide 10 ug subcutaneous twice daily versus Placebo EXEN_SC_10UG_BID:PLACEBO | 1 | -2.51 -3.85 to -1.17 | -0.11 -2.02 to 1.81 | -1.72 -2.82 to -0.62 | 0.044 |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Insulin glargine IGLARLIXI2_SC_TIT_QD:INS_GLARGINE | 1 | -1.45 -2.73 to -0.17 | -0.25 -1.95 to 1.46 | -1.02 -2.04 to 0.01 | 0.268 |
| IGlarLixi 2:1 pen subcutaneous once daily titrated versus Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily IGLARLIXI2_SC_TIT_QD:LIXI_SC_20UG_QD | 1 | 1.94 0.82 to 3.06 | 0.74 -1.08 to 2.55 | 1.61 0.65 to 2.56 | 0.268 |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Placebo LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD:PLACEBO | 2 | -1.75 -2.62 to -0.87 | -1.76 -2.80 to -0.71 | -1.75 -2.42 to -1.08 | 0.988 |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD:SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | 1 | 1.40 0.20 to 2.60 | 1.47 0.44 to 2.51 | 1.44 0.66 to 2.23 | 0.927 |
| Liraglutide 1.8 mg subcutaneous once daily versus Sitagliptin LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD:SITAGLIPTIN | 1 | -1.67 -2.88 to -0.46 | -1.65 -2.61 to -0.68 | -1.66 -2.41 to -0.90 | 0.977 |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Placebo LIXI_SC_20UG_QD:PLACEBO | 1 | -0.40 -1.58 to 0.78 | -1.81 -3.05 to -0.57 | -1.07 -1.93 to -0.22 | 0.107 |
| Lixisenatide 20 ug subcutaneous once daily versus Sitagliptin LIXI_SC_20UG_QD:SITAGLIPTIN | 1 | -1.34 -2.64 to -0.04 | -0.64 -1.89 to 0.61 | -0.97 -1.88 to -0.07 | 0.446 |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Placebo SEMA_PO_14MG_QD:PLACEBO | 1 | -4.00 -5.23 to -2.77 | -2.73 -3.67 to -1.79 | -3.20 -3.94 to -2.45 | 0.108 |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW:PLACEBO | 1 | -3.81 -5.15 to -2.47 | -3.97 -5.11 to -2.83 | -3.90 -4.77 to -3.03 | 0.859 |
| Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW:PLACEBO | 1 | -8.30 -10.75 to -5.85 | -7.22 -8.64 to -5.79 | -7.49 -8.72 to -6.26 | 0.455 |
| Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW:PLACEBO | 1 | -10.90 -13.45 to -8.35 | -8.00 -9.42 to -6.57 | -8.69 -9.93 to -7.44 | 0.051 |
| Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW:PLACEBO | 1 | -0.50 -2.95 to 1.95 | 1.35 -2.13 to 4.82 | 0.11 -1.89 to 2.11 | 0.394 |
| Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Placebo TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW:PLACEBO | 1 | -4.40 -6.81 to -1.99 | -5.34 -6.76 to -3.91 | -5.09 -6.32 to -3.87 | 0.512 |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) SEMA_PO_14MG_QD:SEMA_PO_3MG_QD | 3 | -2.20 -2.85 to -1.54 | -3.42 -6.06 to -0.78 | -2.27 -2.90 to -1.63 | 0.378 |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) SEMA_PO_14MG_QD:SEMA_PO_7MG_QD | 3 | -1.00 -1.66 to -0.34 | -2.15 -4.84 to 0.53 | -1.07 -1.70 to -0.43 | 0.413 |
| Semaglutide 14 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Sitagliptin SEMA_PO_14MG_QD:SITAGLIPTIN | 2 | -2.94 -3.73 to -2.16 | -3.40 -4.50 to -2.31 | -3.10 -3.74 to -2.46 | 0.506 |
| Semaglutide 3 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Sitagliptin SEMA_PO_3MG_QD:SITAGLIPTIN | 2 | -0.75 -1.52 to 0.02 | -1.11 -2.52 to 0.30 | -0.83 -1.51 to -0.16 | 0.660 |
| Semaglutide 7 mg oral once daily (original tablet) versus Sitagliptin SEMA_PO_7MG_QD:SITAGLIPTIN | 2 | -2.00 -2.78 to -1.22 | -2.14 -3.55 to -0.73 | -2.03 -2.72 to -1.35 | 0.868 |
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW:SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | 1 | 1.20 -0.01 to 2.41 | 1.23 -2.13 to 4.59 | 1.20 0.06 to 2.34 | 0.988 |
| Semaglutide 0.5 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Sitagliptin SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW:SITAGLIPTIN | 1 | -2.60 -3.76 to -1.44 | -2.63 -6.40 to 1.14 | -2.60 -3.71 to -1.50 | 0.988 |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Sitagliptin SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW:SITAGLIPTIN | 1 | -3.80 -4.95 to -2.65 | -3.81 -5.16 to -2.47 | -3.81 -4.68 to -2.93 | 0.988 |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW | 1 | 3.50 2.28 to 4.72 | 3.92 1.60 to 6.24 | 3.59 2.51 to 4.67 | 0.755 |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW | 1 | 4.40 3.18 to 5.62 | 6.29 3.87 to 8.71 | 4.78 3.69 to 5.87 | 0.171 |
| Semaglutide 1.0 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | 1 | 1.50 0.28 to 2.72 | 0.11 -2.17 to 2.40 | 1.19 0.11 to 2.27 | 0.294 |
| Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW | 2 | 1.22 0.12 to 2.32 | -46.64 -94.31 to 1.03 | 1.19 0.09 to 2.29 | 0.049 |
| Tirzepatide 10 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW | 1 | -7.80 -10.23 to -5.37 | -7.16 -10.86 to -3.45 | -7.61 -9.64 to -5.57 | 0.776 |
| Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW | 1 | -10.40 -12.94 to -7.86 | -5.82 -9.28 to -2.36 | -8.80 -10.85 to -6.75 | 0.037 |
| Tirzepatide 15 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | 2 | -3.59 -4.69 to -2.49 | -4.23 -38.47 to 30.01 | -3.59 -4.69 to -2.50 | 0.971 |
| Tirzepatide 1 mg subcutaneous once weekly versus Tirzepatide 5 mg subcutaneous once weekly TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | 1 | 3.90 1.50 to 6.30 | 8.50 4.70 to 12.31 | 5.21 3.18 to 7.24 | 0.045 |
| Design | Q | df | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| SEMA_PO_14MG_QD:SEMA_PO_3MG_QD:SEMA_PO_7MG_QD:SITAGLIPTIN | 7.46 | 3 | 0.059 |
Small study effects
A comparison adjusted funnel plot: each point is one trial comparison, centered on its own network estimate. Asymmetry can signal that small trials with unfavorable results are missing.
Contribution of direct evidence
Percent contribution of each direct comparison (columns) to each network estimate (rows), from netcontrib.
| Network estimate | DAPAEXEN_SC_2-10MG_QW:DAPAGLIFLOZIN:EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:EXEN_SC_10UG_BID:PLACEBO | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:INS_GLARGINE | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:PLACEBO | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:INS_GLARGINE | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:SEMA_PO_14MG_QD:SEMA_PO_3MG_QD:SEMA_PO_7MG_QD | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:PLACEBO | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:PLACEBO:TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | EMPAGLIFLOZIN:SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | EXEN_SC_10UG_BID:EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | IGLARLIXI2_SC_TIT_QD:INS_GLARGINE | IGLARLIXI2_SC_TIT_QD:LIXI_SC_20UG_QD | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD:PLACEBO | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD:PLACEBO:SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD:SITAGLIPTIN | LIXI_SC_20UG_QD:PLACEBO | LIXI_SC_20UG_QD:SITAGLIPTIN | PLACEBO:SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | SEMA_PO_14MG_QD:SEMA_PO_3MG_QD:SEMA_PO_7MG_QD:SITAGLIPTIN | SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW:SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW:SITAGLIPTIN | SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW:TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DAPAEXEN_SC_2-10MG_QW:PLACEBO | 30 | 28 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 24 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| DAPAGLIFLOZIN:PLACEBO | 30 | 28 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 24 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW:PLACEBO | 27 | 9 | 25 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | ||||
| DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW:PLACEBO | 23 | 5 | 22 | 2 | 8 | 18 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| EMPAGLIFLOZIN:PLACEBO | 4 | 1 | 4 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 31 | 3 | 21 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 11 | 3 | ||||||
| EXEN_SC_10UG_BID:PLACEBO | 66 | 1 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| EXENER_SC_2MG_QW:PLACEBO | 40 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 35 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| IGLARLIXI2_SC_TIT_QD:PLACEBO | 6 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 13 | 22 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 18 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||
| INS_GLARGINE:PLACEBO | 13 | 24 | 12 | 11 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||
| LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD:PLACEBO | 5 | 4 | 2 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 25 | 34 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||
| LIXI_SC_20UG_QD:PLACEBO | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 52 | 9 | 2 | 4 | 3 | |||||
| PLACEBO:SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | 6 | 2 | 5 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 37 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 14 | 4 | 1 | ||||||
| PLACEBO:SEMA_PO_3MG_QD | 6 | 2 | 6 | 18 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 16 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 25 | 4 | 1 | ||||||
| PLACEBO:SEMA_PO_7MG_QD | 6 | 2 | 6 | 18 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 16 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 25 | 4 | 1 | ||||||
| PLACEBO:SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW | 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 14 | 8 | 35 | 4 | ||||||
| PLACEBO:SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 42 | 5 | 13 | 8 | ||||||||
| PLACEBO:SITAGLIPTIN | 4 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 14 | 11 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 15 | 10 | 1 | ||||||
| PLACEBO:TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 27 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 15 | 3 | 6 | 32 | ||||||||
| PLACEBO:TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 26 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 16 | 3 | 6 | 33 | ||||||||
| PLACEBO:TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW | 5 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 4 | 58 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 9 | |||||||
| PLACEBO:TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 28 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 15 | 2 | 6 | 31 |
Baseline characteristics of the trials
The baseline value of each effect modifier or prognostic factor that applies here, per trial: mean or percent over arms, weighted by the number randomized. A note under a value names a stand in (a median for a mean, 100 minus the male share, Asian subgroup rows, an all Asian site list); "not reported" means no source of the trial prints it.
| Trial | Baseline BMI or body weight (kg/m2) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 22 of 23 | Sex (percent female) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 23 of 23 | Background glucose lowering therapy (stratum S0 to S4) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 23 of 23 | Asian ancestry or region (percent Asian) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 22 of 23 | Kidney function (eGFR) (mL/min/1.73 m2) prognostic factor, effect modifier; 10 of 23 | Treatment duration (weeks) effect modifier; 23 of 23 | Lifestyle co-intervention intensity (none standard intensive) effect modifier, prognostic factor; 23 of 23 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03131687 S000010 | 32.57 | 46.85 | S1 | 1.66 | 93.19 | 26 | standard |
| NCT02964247 S000022 | 32.2 | 39.6 | S1 | 17.48 | not reported | 26 | not_reported |
| SURPASS-2 S000095 | 34.2 | 53.05 | S1 | 1.32 | 96 | 40 | not_reported |
| PIONEER 4 S000133 | 32.94 | 48 | S1 | 13.4 | 95.8 | 52 | not_reported |
| NCT01476475 S000191 | 32.1 | 48.92 | S1 | 0.62 | not reported | 24 | not_reported |
| PIONEER 10 S000234 | 26.26 | 25.74 | S1 | 100 | 96.57 | 52 | not_reported |
| NCT01584232 S000246 | 26 | 28.51 | S1 | 100 | not reported | 26 | not_reported |
| PIONEER 2 S000251 | 32.85 | 49.39 | S1 | 5.96 | 95.5 | 52 | not_reported |
| AWARD-10 S000305 | 32.68 | 49.99 | S1 | 0.24 | 90.9 | 24 | not_reported |
| NCT00976937 S000415 | 36.8 | 59.9 100 minus male share | S1 | 0.6 | not reported | 24 | not_reported |
| SUSTAIN 9 S000483 | 31.9 | 41.72 | S1 | 23.51 | 95.2 | 30 | not_reported |
| PIONEER 12 S000522 | 28.58 | 41.7 | S1 | 75.22 | 103.5 | 26 | not_reported |
| NCT02229396 S000791 | 32.73 | 52 | S1 | 0.72 | eGFR below 60: 3.2 percent | 104 | not_reported |
| AWARD-8 S001068 | 31.2 | 55.86 | S1 | 1.7 | 89.76 | 24 | not_reported |
| LIRA-SWITCH™ S001119 | 31.95 | 40.5 | S1 | not reported | not reported | 26 | not_reported |
| AWARD-2 S001130 | 31.55 | 48.52 | S1 | 16.91 | eGFR below 60: 1.1 percent | 78 | not_reported |
| AWARD-6 S001184 | 33.56 | 52.09 | S1 | 0.17 | not reported | 26 | not_reported |
| SUSTAIN S001311 | 27.8 | 42.5 | S1 | 85.03 | 109.33 median | 30 | not_reported |
| DURATION-NEO-1 S001982 | 33 | 35.81 | S1 | 6.61 | eGFR below 60: 11.8 percent | 28 | none |
| LIXILAN JP-O1 S002018 | 26.82 | 35.85 | S1 | 100 region: all sites in Asia | not reported | 52 | not_reported |
| AWARD-1 S002153 | 33.16 | 41.51 | S1 | 2.45 | eGFR below 60: 2.8 percent | 52 | not_reported |
| GETGOAL-M S002188 | 32.91 | 56.94 | S1 | 7.78 | not reported | 24 | not_reported |
| PIONEER 3 S002267 | not reported | 47.16 | S1 | 13.14 | not reported | 78 | not_reported |
Comparability of the trials
Checked across designs (the set of treatments each trial compares) for eligibility, outcome definition and assessment, and the baseline factors above. Flags point to possible intransitivity; notes describe variation that is not tied to design.
- FlagBaseline, Baseline BMI or body weight: design means range from 26.0 (DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW vs INS_GLARGINE) to 36.8 (LIXI_SC_20UG_QD vs SITAGLIPTIN) kg/m2; threshold 3
- FlagBaseline, Sex: design means range from 25.7 (DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW vs SEMA_PO_14MG_QD vs SEMA_PO_3MG_QD vs SEMA_PO_7MG_QD) to 59.9 (LIXI_SC_20UG_QD vs SITAGLIPTIN) percent female; threshold 15
- FlagBaseline, Asian ancestry or region: design means range from 0.2 (DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW vs LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD) to 100.0 (DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW vs INS_GLARGINE) percent Asian; threshold 30
- FlagBaseline, Kidney function (eGFR): not reported by 13 of 23 trials
- FlagBaseline, Kidney function (eGFR): design means range from 89.8 (DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW vs PLACEBO) to 109.3 (SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW vs SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW vs SITAGLIPTIN) mL/min/1.73 m2; threshold 15
- FlagBaseline, Treatment duration: design means range from 24.0 (DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW vs DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW vs PLACEBO) to 104.0 (DAPAEXEN_SC_2-10MG_QW vs DAPAGLIFLOZIN vs EXENER_SC_2MG_QW) weeks; threshold 26
- NoteOutcome assessment, time point: selected time points span 24 to 30 weeks
- NoteOutcome assessment, analysis set: mixed: full_analysis 10, modified_itt 13
- NoteOutcome assessment, definition: mixed: change in HbA1c from baseline 1, change in HbA1c from baseline to week 26, LOCF 1, not stated 21
- NoteOutcome assessment, intercurrent events (discontinuation): mixed: hypothetical 13, not stated 9, treatment_policy 1
- NoteOutcome assessment, intercurrent events (rescue): mixed: hypothetical 20, not stated 3
- NoteRisk of bias, blinding: mixed: double_blind 14, open_label 6, single_blind 3
- NoteData handling, input conversions: arms_combined 1, n_randomized 4
| Trial | time weeks | analysis set | definition | instrument | adjudicated | proportion method | intercurrent events (discontinuation) | intercurrent events (rescue) | blinding | funding | start year | Eligibility |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03131687 | 26 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | treatment_policy | hypothetical | double_blind | industry | 2017 | age 18 to 75; T2D at least 6 months; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5%; BMI 23 to 50; diet and exercise or metformin |
| NCT02964247 | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | industry | 2017 | age 18 or more; HbA1c 7.0 to 9.5%; BMI 20 or more; stable SGLT2i at least 90 days with or without metformin; eGFR 60 or more |
| SURPASS-2 | 24 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | single_blind | industry | 2019 | age 18 or older, HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent, BMI 25 or more, metformin 1500 mg/day or more, eGFR 45 or more |
| PIONEER 4 | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | double_blind | industry | 2016 | Age 18 or older; T2D on metformin with or without SGLT2i; HbA1c 7.0 to 9.5 percent; eGFR 60 or more |
| NCT01476475 | 24 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | open_label | industry | 2011 | Adults with T2D; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent on metformin at least 1.5 g/day; insulin naive |
| PIONEER 10 | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | single_blind | industry | 2017 | Japanese adults 20 or older; T2D; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent on one oral glucose lowering drug |
| NCT01584232 | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | open_label | industry | 2012 | Japanese adults 20 years or older; BMI 18.5 to less than 35 kg/m2; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.0 percent; on sulfonylurea and/or biguanide |
| PIONEER 2 | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | single_blind | industry | 2016 | type 2 diabetes on metformin; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; eGFR 60 or more |
| AWARD-10 | 24 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | double_blind | industry | 2015 | T2D; HbA1c 7.0 to 9.5 percent; BMI 45 or lower; SGLT2i with or without metformin |
| NCT00976937 | 24 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | double_blind | industry | 2009 | age 18 to under 50; BMI 30 or more; HbA1c 7.0 to 10 percent; metformin at least 1.5 g/day |
| SUSTAIN 9 | 30 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | double_blind | industry | 2017 | adults 18 or older (20 in Japan); HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; stable SGLT2i with or without metformin or SU |
| PIONEER 12 | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | double_blind | industry | 2019 | adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin, HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent |
| NCT02229396 | 28 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | double_blind | industry | 2014 | age 18 or older; HbA1c 8.0 to 12.0 percent on metformin 1500 mg/d or more |
| AWARD-8 | 24 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | double_blind | industry | 2013 | age 18 or older; BMI up to 45; HbA1c 7.5 to 9.5 percent on sulfonylurea at least half maximal dose |
| LIRA-SWITCH™ | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | double_blind | industry | 2013 | age 18 or more; HbA1c 7.5 to 9.5 percent; BMI 20 or more; on sitagliptin 100 mg and metformin for 90 days or more |
| AWARD-2 | 26 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | open_label | industry | 2010 | type 2 diabetes on metformin and glimepiride |
| AWARD-6 | 26 | modified_itt | change in HbA1c from baseline | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | open_label | industry | 2012 | adults; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent; metformin 1500 mg/day or more |
| SUSTAIN | 30 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | double_blind | industry | 2017 | Adults 18 or older, HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent on metformin monotherapy, eGFR 60 or more |
| DURATION-NEO-1 | 28 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | open_label | industry | 2013 | Adults 18 or older; HbA1c 7.1 to 11.0 percent; diet and exercise or stable metformin, sulfonylurea, pioglitazone |
| LIXILAN JP-O1 | 26 | modified_itt | change in HbA1c from baseline to week 26, LOCF | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | open_label | industry | 2016 | insulin naive Japanese adults; HbA1c 7.5 to 10%; FPG 13.8 mmol/L or less; one or two OADs |
| AWARD-1 | 26 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | double_blind | industry | 2010 | adults with type 2 diabetes on metformin and pioglitazone |
| GETGOAL-M | 24 | modified_itt | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | double_blind | industry | 2008 | type 2 diabetes on metformin 1.5 g/day or more for 3 months; HbA1c 7 to 10 percent; FPG 13.9 mmol/L or less |
| PIONEER 3 | 26 | full_analysis | not stated | not stated | not stated | not stated | hypothetical | hypothetical | double_blind | industry | 2016 | adults with T2D; HbA1c 7.0 to 10.5 percent; metformin with or without sulfonylurea |
Trial data
What each trial contributes. Arm rows give the arm value with its standard error, or events over participants; contrast rows give the mean difference on the analysis scale against the trial's first row. Flags mark converted, combined or approximated inputs.
| Trial | Arm | Treatment | Week | Data | Value | SE | Events / N | Flags | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT03131687 | A1 | PLACEBO | 26 | arm, change | -0.400 | 0.810 | 41 | R0016215:Supplement Table 1 | |
| NCT03131687 | A2 | TIRZ_SC_1MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -0.900 | 0.800 | 44 | R0016215:Supplement Table 1 | |
| NCT03131687 | A3 | TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -4.800 | 0.770 | 48 | R0016215:Supplement Table 1 | |
| NCT03131687 | A4 | TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -8.700 | 0.800 | 44 | R0016215:Supplement Table 1 | |
| NCT03131687 | A5 | TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -11.300 | 0.880 | 35 | R0016215:Supplement Table 1 | |
| NCT03131687 | A6 | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -2.700 | 0.780 | 47 | R0016215:Supplement Table 1 | |
| NCT02964247 | A1 | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -2.890 | 0.267 | 203 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT02964247 | A2 | PLACEBO | 26 | arm, change | -2.090 | 0.296 | 100 | registry:outcomes | |
| SURPASS-2 | A1 | TIRZ_SC_5MG_QW | 24 | arm, change | -6.800 | 0.250 | 471 | n_randomized | R0007660:Table 1 |
| SURPASS-2 | A2 | TIRZ_SC_10MG_QW | 24 | arm, change | -8.800 | 0.250 | 469 | n_randomized | R0007660:Table 1 |
| SURPASS-2 | A3 | TIRZ_SC_15MG_QW | 24 | arm, change | -9.700 | 0.250 | 470 | n_randomized | R0007660:Table 1 |
| SURPASS-2 | A4 | SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | 24 | arm, change | -5.300 | 0.250 | 469 | n_randomized | R0007660:Table 1 |
| PIONEER 4 | A1 | SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -4.700 | 0.255 | 285 | registry:outcomes | |
| PIONEER 4 | A2 | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -3.300 | 0.220 | 284 | registry:outcomes | |
| PIONEER 4 | A3 | PLACEBO | 26 | arm, change | -0.700 | 0.260 | 142 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT01476475 | A1 | IGLARLIXI2_SC_TIT_QD | 24 | arm, change | -0.970 | 0.289 | 159 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT01476475 | A2 | INS_GLARGINE | 24 | arm, change | 0.480 | 0.282 | 160 | registry:outcomes | |
| PIONEER 10 | A1 | SEMA_PO_3MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -0.100 | 0.200 | 126 | R0018421:Figure 3D | |
| PIONEER 10 | A2 | SEMA_PO_7MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -1.200 | 0.200 | 124 | R0018421:Figure 3D | |
| PIONEER 10 | A3 | SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -2.300 | 0.200 | 120 | R0018421:Figure 3D | |
| PIONEER 10 | A4 | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | 0.300 | 0.300 | 64 | R0018421:Figure 3D | |
| NCT01584232 | A1 | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -0.480 | 0.170 | 180 | R0016159:Table 2 | |
| NCT01584232 | A2 | INS_GLARGINE | 26 | arm, change | 0.940 | 0.170 | 180 | R0016159:Table 2 | |
| PIONEER 2 | A1 | SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -4.300 | 0.217 | 411 | registry:outcomes | |
| PIONEER 2 | A2 | EMPAGLIFLOZIN | 26 | arm, change | -3.900 | 0.188 | 410 | registry:outcomes | |
| AWARD-10 | A1 | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | 24 | arm, change | -3.100 | 0.300 | 142 | registry:outcomes | |
| AWARD-10 | A2 | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | 24 | arm, change | -2.600 | 0.300 | 141 | registry:outcomes | |
| AWARD-10 | A3 | PLACEBO | 24 | arm, change | -2.300 | 0.310 | 140 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT00976937 | A1 | LIXI_SC_20UG_QD | 24 | arm, change | -2.510 | 0.294 | 152 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT00976937 | A2 | SITAGLIPTIN | 24 | arm, change | -1.170 | 0.304 | 160 | registry:outcomes | |
| SUSTAIN 9 | A1 | SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | 30 | contrast, md | -3.810 | 0.452 | R0021710:Figure 3b | ||
| SUSTAIN 9 | A2 | PLACEBO | 30 | contrast, md | R0021710:Figure 3b | ||||
| PIONEER 12 | A1 | SEMA_PO_3MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -1.400 | 0.167 | 322 | registry:outcomes | |
| PIONEER 12 | A2 | SEMA_PO_7MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -2.900 | 0.185 | 319 | registry:outcomes | |
| PIONEER 12 | A3 | SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -3.800 | 0.214 | 300 | registry:outcomes | |
| PIONEER 12 | A4 | SITAGLIPTIN | 26 | arm, change | -0.500 | 0.142 | 335 | registry:outcomes | |
| NCT02229396 | A1 | DAPAEXEN_SC_2-10MG_QW | 28 | arm, change | -3.550 | 0.288 | 228 | R0026313:Table 3 | |
| NCT02229396 | A2 | EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | 28 | arm, change | -1.560 | 0.293 | 227 | R0026313:Table 3 | |
| NCT02229396 | A3 | DAPAGLIFLOZIN | 28 | arm, change | -2.220 | 0.286 | 230 | R0026313:Table 3 | |
| AWARD-8 | A1 | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | 24 | arm, change | -0.910 | 0.210 | 212 | R0016038:Results | |
| AWARD-8 | A2 | PLACEBO | 24 | arm, change | -0.240 | 0.400 | 53 | R0016038:Results | |
| LIRA-SWITCH™ | A1 | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | 26 | contrast, md | -1.670 | 0.344 | R0025720:Results | ||
| LIRA-SWITCH™ | A2 | SITAGLIPTIN | 26 | contrast, md | R0025720:Results | ||||
| AWARD-2 | A1 | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -1.820 | 0.200 | 272 | registry:outcomes | |
| AWARD-2 | A2 | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -1.470 | 0.200 | 270 | registry:outcomes | |
| AWARD-2 | A3 | INS_GLARGINE | 26 | arm, change | 1.010 | 0.200 | 259 | registry:outcomes | |
| AWARD-6 | A1 | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -2.900 | 0.220 | 299 | registry:outcomes | |
| AWARD-6 | A2 | LIRA_SC_1p8MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -3.610 | 0.220 | 299 | registry:outcomes | |
| SUSTAIN | A1 | SEMA_SC_0p5MG_QW | 30 | arm, change | -3.000 | 0.246 | 238 | registry:outcomes | |
| SUSTAIN | A2 | SEMA_SC_1p0MG_QW | 30 | arm, change | -4.200 | 0.239 | 239 | registry:outcomes | |
| SUSTAIN | A3 | SITAGLIPTIN | 30 | arm, change | -0.400 | 0.157 | 253 | registry:outcomes | |
| DURATION-NEO-1 | A1 | EXENER_SC_2MG_QW | 28 | contrast, md | 0.550 | 0.416 | R0022632:Results | ||
| DURATION-NEO-1 | A2 | EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | 28 | contrast, md | R0022632:Results | ||||
| LIXILAN JP-O1 | A1 | IGLARLIXI2_SC_TIT_QD | 26 | arm, change | 0.620 | 0.177 | 161 | R0015751:Table 2 | |
| LIXILAN JP-O1 | A2 | LIXI_SC_20UG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -1.320 | 0.180 | 157 | R0015751:Table 2 | |
| AWARD-1 | A1 | DULA_SC_1p5MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | -1.340 | 0.250 | 259 | registry:outcomes | |
| AWARD-1 | A2 | DULA_SC_0p75MG_QW | 26 | arm, change | 0.180 | 0.250 | 253 | registry:outcomes | |
| AWARD-1 | A3 | EXEN_SC_10UG_BID | 26 | arm, change | -1.140 | 0.260 | 245 | registry:outcomes | |
| AWARD-1 | A4 | PLACEBO | 26 | arm, change | 1.370 | 0.370 | 109 | registry:outcomes | |
| GETGOAL-M | A1+A2 | LIXI_SC_20UG_QD | 24 | arm, change | -2.000 | 0.166 | 497 | arms_combined | R0025872:Results |
| GETGOAL-M | A3 | PLACEBO | 24 | arm, change | -1.600 | 0.270 | 168 | R0025872:Results | |
| PIONEER 3 | A1 | SEMA_PO_3MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -1.200 | 0.153 | 466 | registry:outcomes | |
| PIONEER 3 | A2 | SEMA_PO_7MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -2.200 | 0.185 | 465 | registry:outcomes | |
| PIONEER 3 | A3 | SEMA_PO_14MG_QD | 26 | arm, change | -3.200 | 0.176 | 465 | registry:outcomes | |
| PIONEER 3 | A4 | SITAGLIPTIN | 26 | arm, change | -0.600 | 0.148 | 467 | registry:outcomes |
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